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Government College of Nursing Jodhpur

This document provides information about gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It defines GERD as a condition where gastric contents backflow into the esophagus, potentially damaging the esophageal mucosa. Causes include pyloric stenosis, LES malformation, and hiatal hernia. Risk factors include dietary habits like eating late, sleeping after eating, and consuming acidic, spicy, or fried foods. Symptoms include heartburn, nausea, and dysphagia. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet modification and medication like PPIs or H2 blockers. Nursing management for GERD focuses on assessment, dietary education, medication administration, and positioning to prevent further reflux.

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Naresh Jeengar
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75 views7 pages

Government College of Nursing Jodhpur

This document provides information about gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It defines GERD as a condition where gastric contents backflow into the esophagus, potentially damaging the esophageal mucosa. Causes include pyloric stenosis, LES malformation, and hiatal hernia. Risk factors include dietary habits like eating late, sleeping after eating, and consuming acidic, spicy, or fried foods. Symptoms include heartburn, nausea, and dysphagia. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet modification and medication like PPIs or H2 blockers. Nursing management for GERD focuses on assessment, dietary education, medication administration, and positioning to prevent further reflux.

Uploaded by

Naresh Jeengar
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GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING JODHPUR

Presentation On:- Gastroesophageal Reflux disease ( GERD )


Subject:- Medical Surgical Nursing

Submitted To:-. Submitted by:-


MRS. MAMTA PARIHAR SURESH PARIHAR
Nursing lecturer. M.Sc. N. Previous Year
G.C.O.N. Jodhpur. Batch - 2020- 21
G.C.O.N. Jodhpur

Submitted on:- 02/09/2021


Presentation on:- 02/09/2021
GERD [ GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE ]
DEFINITION -
A disease that characterized by backflow of gastric contents to esophagus is
known as GERD.
Results in damage / inflammation / erosion / acute or chronic changes in
esophageal mucosa.
GERD is a chronic condition with frequent exacerbations that may result in
significant morbidity over time if not appropriately managed.
Some degrees of GERD is normal.

CAUSES –
1. Pyloric stenosis.
2. LES malformation .
3. Motility disorder (anterograde movement).
4. Hiatal hernia.

RISK FACTORS –
Dietary habit-
1. Quality of food – tea, coffee, alcohol, fried, processed, packed, pickle,
peppermint.
2. Quantity of food – excessive diet, full diet.
3. Timing of food – food during bedtime.
4. Activity after food – sleep after food consumption, vigorous activity.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION –
1. Pyrosis / Heartburn – pain / burning sensation in chest.
2. Nausea , Regurgitation.
3. Dyspepsia / Indigestion.
4. Epigastric discomfort.
5. Dysphagia / Odynophagia.
6. Hypersalivation.
DIAGNOSITIC EVALUATION –
1. History collection.
2. Physical examination.
3. Endoscopic examination. ( GI scopy ).

MANAGEMENT –
1. H2 Receptor antagonist.
2. Proton pump inhibitors.
3. Prokinetic medicine.
4. Antacid.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT –
1. Fundoplication – Repairment of malformed cardiac sphincter.
2. Pyloroplasty – Repair stenosed pylorus region.

NURSING MANAGEMENT –
1. Asses GERD.
2. Obtain history / physical examination.
3. Keep NPO.
4. Administer medication.
5. IV fluid administration if dehydration.
6. Low fowlers position.
7. Assist individual in investigation.
8. Prepare for procedure.
9. Educate to patient.
 Diet –
- Small frequent diet.
- Bland diet.
- Avoid spicy, fried food, alcohol, peppermint, and carbonated
beverages.
 Activity –
- Rest after food ( do not sleep ).
- Avoid vigorous exercise.
- Yoga / meditation – early in morning.
SUMMARY –
GERD is a clinical condition in which gastric contents regurgitate or backflow
into esophagus. It is mainly caused by unhealthy food habits or substance
abuse. It can be treated by changing dietary pattern and lifestyle changes. It
is not usually harmful until complications not occurs.

CONCLUSION – GERD is usually clinically significant because it can alter


dietary pattern and metabolism of the client. It can be seen in many peoples
in the rural and urban settings. So there is need of awareness and health
education among the people and also among the nursing students for better
care and early prevention of the disease.
BIBLIOGRAPHY –
1. Janice L. Hinkle, Kerry H. Cheever, BRUNNER AND SUDDARTH’S
TEXTBOOK OF Medical – Surgical Nursing, Volume 2 , 13th Edition, Page
no. 1253 – 1254.
2. Joyce M. Black, Jane Hokanson Hawks, TEXTBOOK OF Medical –
Surgical Nursing, Volume 1 , 8th Edition, Page no. 609 – 611.
3. Gerard J. Tortora, Bryan Derrickson, TEXTBOOK OF Principles
of Anatomy and Physiology, Volume – 2, 13th Edition, Page no.
4. Padmaja Udaykumar, TEXTBOOK OF Pharmacology for Nurses, 3 rd
Edition Page no. 211-217.

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