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    Human Growth and Development - A Matter of Principles

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    Irish Tucyapao
    The document discusses seven principles of human growth and development: 1. Development proceeds from the head downward and from the center of the body outward, as newborns first develop control of their head and then limbs develop outward. 2. Development depends on maturation and learning, as changes in the brain and nervous system allow children to progress their cognitive and motor skills. 3. Development proceeds from the simple to the more complex, as children's cognitive abilities advance from concrete reasoning to more abstract concepts.

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    Human Growth and Development - A Matter of Principles

    Uploaded by

    Irish Tucyapao
    25 views1 page
    The document discusses seven principles of human growth and development: 1. Development proceeds from the head downward and from the center of the body outward, as newborns first develop control of their head and then limbs develop outward. 2. Development depends on maturation and learning, as changes in the brain and nervous system allow children to progress their cognitive and motor skills. 3. Development proceeds from the simple to the more complex, as children's cognitive abilities advance from concrete reasoning to more abstract concepts.

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    Growth and Development

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    The document discusses seven principles of human growth and development: 1. Development proceeds from the head downward and from the center of the body outward, as newborns first develop control of their head and then limbs develop outward. 2. Development depends on maturation and learning, as changes in the brain and nervous system allow children to progress their cognitive and motor skills. 3. Development proceeds from the simple to the more complex, as children's cognitive abilities advance from concrete reasoning to more abstract concepts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    25 views1 page

    Human Growth and Development - A Matter of Principles

    Uploaded by

    Irish Tucyapao
    The document discusses seven principles of human growth and development: 1. Development proceeds from the head downward and from the center of the body outward, as newborns first develop control of their head and then limbs develop outward. 2. Development depends on maturation and learning, as changes in the brain and nervous system allow children to progress their cognitive and motor skills. 3. Development proceeds from the simple to the more complex, as children's cognitive abilities advance from concrete reasoning to more abstract concepts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Tucyapao, Irish P.

    BSN 2F

    Human Growth and Development - A Matter of Principles


    Novella J. Ruffin, Ph.D., Professor and Extension Specialist, Virginia State University

    KEY POINTS :

    Principles or characteristics describe typical development as a predictable and orderly process;that is,
    we can predict how most children will develop and that they will develop at the same rate and at
    about the same time as other children

    Principles of Development

    1. Development proceeds from the head downward (cephalocaudle principle)


    - Newborns develop control over head and facial movements within the first two months of life. Over
    the next few months, they will be able to lift themselves up using their arms. At 6 to 12 months of
    age, infants begin to control their legs and can crawl, stand, or walk.

    2. Development proceeds from the center of the body outward (roximodistal development)
    - The child’s arms develop before the hands and the hands and feet develop before the fingers and
    toes. Finger and toe muscles (used in fine motor dexterity) are the last to develop in physical
    development.

    3. Development depends on maturation and learning. Maturation


    - Changes in the brain and nervous system account largely for maturation.These changes in the brain
    and nervous system help children to improve in thinking (cognitive) and motor (physical) skills. Also,
    children must mature to a certain point before they can progress to new skills (Readiness).

    4. Development proceeds from the simple (concrete) to the more complex.


    -Children use their cognitive and language skills to reason and solve problems. As children develop
    further in cognitive skills, they are able to understand a higher and more complex relationship
    between objects and things; that is, that an apple and orange exist in a class called fruit. The child
    cognitively is then capable of classification

    5. Growth and development is a continuous process


    - As a child develops, he or she adds to the skills already acquired and the new skills become the basis
    for further achievement and mastery of skills. Most children follow a similar pattern. Also, one stage
    of development lays the foundation for the next stage of development

    6. Growth and development proceed from the general to specific.


    - In motor development, the infant will be able to grasp an object with the whole hand before using
    only the thumb and forefinger. The infant’s first motor movements are very generalized, undirected,
    and reflexive, waving arms or kicking before being able to reach or creep toward an object.

    7. There are individual rates of growth and development.


    - There is a range of ages for any developmental task to take place. This dismisses the notion of the
    “average child” . There is no validity to comparing one child’s progress with or against another child.
    Rates of development also are not uniform within an individual child.

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