Energy Efficient Techniques in 5G Networks

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Energy Efficient Techniques in 5G Networks

Abstract
With the evolution of communication technology, a corresponding requirement for optimization in energy consumption
is also growing. With the emergence of 5G technology the importance of energy efficiency (EE) for wireless networks
has been realized even more. The major concern is to improve EE without compromising on user experience. So in
this paper, we address various energy issues and provide an analysis of various techniques which will be adopted in
the 5G networks to improve the energy efficiency of the devices. We have focused our attention on the following
areas to improve the energy efficiency which include EE improvement using radio access techniques like
Simultaneous wireless energy and power transfer, EE improvement by use of Small Cells and Massive MIMO, EE
improvement by using relays and D2D communication.

Introduction
With the evolution of communication technology, a corresponding requirement for optimization in energy consumption
is also growing. According to a survey the mobile operators are amongst the top energy consumers as well as their
consumption is growing at a very fast rate especially with the deployment of 4G technology. The base station (BS)
consumes a large part of the energy generating a large amount of electricity bill. Thus, not only from the operator’s
but also from the consumer’s point of view, obtaining energy efficiency (EE) has significant economic benefits. It also
has great ecological benefits and represents social responsibility in fighting climate change. So, there is an urgent
need to purse energy efficiency along with optimal capacity and spectral efficiency when designing a wireless
networks .
From the user’s point of view as well the energy efficiency in wireless communication is imperative. The need for
energy efficient transmission originates from energy constrained networks like ad-hoc networks where wireless
devices are battery powered so energy consumption must be minimized [2]. Thus, the cellular systems must be
energy efficient, especially with the recent growing demand in mobile multimedia communication which has made the
battery constraint a major issue. This has motivated optimization of energy for the use of mobile devices. With the
emergence of 5G technology the importance of energy efficiency (EE) for wireless networks has been realized even
more. The major concern is to improve EE without compromising on user experience. Energy Efficiency
conventionally is defined as the measure of number of bits transmitted per joule of energy consumed

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