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    Reading and Writing

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    Brian Setenta
    The document discusses different types of reading, claims, and facts in a text. It defines simple and critical reading, as well as explicit and implicit claims. It also outlines different kinds of facts like empirical, analytical, evaluative, and metaphysical facts. The document explains claims of fact, policy, and value. It provides examples and definitions for each term to distinguish between explicit and implicit information, as well as different types of statements found in texts.

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    Reading and Writing

    Uploaded by

    Brian Setenta
    27 views20 pages
    The document discusses different types of reading, claims, and facts in a text. It defines simple and critical reading, as well as explicit and implicit claims. It also outlines different kinds of facts like empirical, analytical, evaluative, and metaphysical facts. The document explains claims of fact, policy, and value. It provides examples and definitions for each term to distinguish between explicit and implicit information, as well as different types of statements found in texts.

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    The document discusses different types of reading, claims, and facts in a text. It defines simple and critical reading, as well as explicit and implicit claims. It also outlines different kinds of facts like empirical, analytical, evaluative, and metaphysical facts. The document explains claims of fact, policy, and value. It provides examples and definitions for each term to distinguish between explicit and implicit information, as well as different types of statements found in texts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views20 pages

    Reading and Writing

    Uploaded by

    Brian Setenta
    The document discusses different types of reading, claims, and facts in a text. It defines simple and critical reading, as well as explicit and implicit claims. It also outlines different kinds of facts like empirical, analytical, evaluative, and metaphysical facts. The document explains claims of fact, policy, and value. It provides examples and definitions for each term to distinguish between explicit and implicit information, as well as different types of statements found in texts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 20

    Reading and

    Writing
    Let’s recall
    Explicit and Implicit
    Claims in a Text
    Simple Reading Critical Reading

    It gives the basic definition of a text. After recognizing what a text says, it reflects on what the text does
    by making a judgement.

    Its central idea is the message being Its certain goal is to recognize the author’s purpose in writing the
    imparted. material, understand the tone and persuasive elements in it, and to
    recognize bias in the text.

    It recognizes what a text says. It recognizes what a text says, reflects on what the text does, and
    infers on what the text means.

    The reader absorbs and understands The reader actively recognizes and analyzes evidence in the text.
    Explicit and Implicit
    EXPLICIT and IMPLICIT come from the Latin words,
    explicitus and implicitus, which means “to unfold’
    and “to entwine”, respectively. In any material, one
    can encounter information that appears clear, and
    there would be times when the information is just
    subtly hinted. In a text, if the ideas are obvious and
    apparent, it is called as explicit. Those that are not
    easy to identify because of their nuances are
    called implicit.
    FACT vs. OPINION
    Facts and Opinions are kinds of Statement. A fact is
    a statement about the real world reinforced by
    reliable evidence. Opinion, on the other hand, is a
    statement expressing one’s feelings or personal
    judgement.
    Facts have always been compared to a rock for it is
    firm and solid. Some facts may be explicit while
    others are implicit that it requires further research.
    Kinds of Facts

    Empirical Facts

    Analytical Facts

    Evaluative Facts

    Metaphysics Facts
    Empirical Facts

    In science, these facts can be proven by observation. This type


    of facts can be found in encyclopedias and trusted internet
    sites. Scientists and theorists have worked hard on finding and
    developing facts to further people’s knowledge.

    ● The Philippine is composed of three major islands, namely


    Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
    Analytical Facts

    Makes use of various operations in mathematics to prove a


    statement. With the use of formula, number, and statistics,
    discoveries are made.

    ● Makes use of various operations in mathematics to prove


    a statement. With the use of formula, number, and
    statistics, discoveries are made.
    Evaluative Facts

    These are supported by laws, local and international, and


    ideally give order.

    ● The issue on the ownership of Spratly Island shows rightful


    ownership of the Philippines due to the 200-mile territorial
    law.
    Metaphysics Facts

    Verified by revelatory evidence or self-evidence. These facts


    are assumed to be true without external evidence.

    ● The claim that all men are equal is verified self-evidence.


    We could make endless empirical observations without
    finding even two people who are precisely equal in size,
    beauty, strength, intelligence, or wisdom.
    CLAIMS
    As per definition, claims is to say something that is
    true when other people say it is not true; to say that
    you have something to say; to say that something
    belongs to you or that you deserve something.
    For a writer, a claim is a statement that he/she
    wants the reader to accept. Any claim, whether
    implicit or explicit, should have the evidence to
    support it. It may come from a data, witnesses, facts
    or the presence of an expert.
    Kinds of Claims

    Claim of Fact

    Claim of Policy

    Claim of Value
    Claim of Fact

    This kind of claim can be proven by steadfast information or


    data. Words like generally, usually, and as a rule, signal the
    claim of fact. Claims of fact are inferred from a reliable source
    of information, so it usually apparent in the statement of claim.

    ● You could be called Filipino even if you’re not born in the


    Philippines.
    ● Social distancing is important during the coronavirus
    pandemic.
    Claim of Policy
    This kind of claim depends on an existing policy, rule, or law. Laws
    are here because they are made for the good of man. Claims of
    policy typically provide a solution or another series of questions in
    response to the claims of fact. In this kind of claim, a fact is
    presented by someone, which can be either accepted or
    rejected, depending on the other party’s position in the case.

    ● Just as smoking ads have been banned in order to


    decrease the urge to engage in an unhealthy behavior,
    soda ads should be banned for the same reason.
    Claim of Value
    This is based on personal taste or practices and morality. Do we
    agree or disagree on a particular truths around us? Claims of
    value can either approve or disapprove an idea. At times, the
    desirability or non-desirability of a truth is stated in the claim. This
    claim is related to the idea of beauty and morality, and involves
    judgement, appraisal, and evaluation.

    ● Hamburger is the best burger in town.

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