CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

This chapter shows the research methodology and techniques applied by the
researchers in maneuvering direction toward specific purpose of the study. It contains research
design, research locale, population of the study, data gathering procedure and statistical
treatment of the data respectively.

Research Design

This study used descriptive method of research to assess the implementation of the
social welfare services in selected barangays in the local government of the city of Cabuyao.
Furthermore, this method is designed to determine the significant difference on the
respondent's assessment on the implementation of Social Welfare Services when respondents
are grouped according to profile variables.

Descriptive research is also called Statistical Research. The main goal of this type is to
describe the data and characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of
research is to study the frequencies, averages and statistical calculations (Mendoza, 2014).

According to Good and Scate (2010),descriptive methods involved this process of fact
finding with the adequate interpretations, it is also more than just collecting data in order to
answer question in the study. The descriptive investigation includes all those studies that
attempt to present facts about the nature and status of the study. Descriptive research is
mainly done when a researcher wants to gain a better understanding regarding the topic
(Mendoza,2014).

Research Locale

The research centered its assessment on the implementation of social welfare services
in three barangays in the City of Cabuyao namely Banay-Banay,Niugan and Sala.

Barangay Banay-Banay is one of the eighteen urbanized barangays comprising the

progressive City of Cabuyao in the province of Laguna, Philippines. It is situated at the central
portion of the city. According to the 2010 Census, it has a population of 21,934 inhabitants,
making it ranked as 4th largest barangay in Cabuyao when it comes to population (2010 Census
of population and Housing).
 Barangay Niugan is also one of the eighteen urbanized barangays comprising the
progressive City of Cabuyao. It lies for about 1 kilometer away from the city proper of Cabuyao
and is situated along the national highway. According to the 2010 Census it has a population of
26,807 inhabitants, making it ranked as 3rd largest barangay in Cabuyao when it comes to
population.(2010 Census of population and Housing)

Barangay Niugan is popular for being the site of Nestlé Philippines, Inc., one of the
biggest factories of the country.

Barangay Sala is also one of the eighteen urbanized barangays comprising the City of
Cabuyao.It lies for about a half kilometer away from the city proper of Cabuyao and is situated
along the national highway. According to the 2010 Census, it has a population of 8,275
inhabitants, making it ranked as 12th largest barangay in Cabuyao when it comes to population.
(2010 Census of population and Housing)

Asia Brewery, Inc. and Tanduay Distillers, Inc., two of the biggest companies and
factories in Cabuyao are located in this barangay.It homes the Eton City Exit （formerly ABI
Exit) from the South Luzon Expressway and the Eton City Central Business District. It is also the
Government Center of Cabuyao,it homes the Cabuyao City Hall, Cabuyao City Police Station,
Cabuyao City Jail and Cabuyao Fire Station.

Population of the Study

The study focused on the assessment on the implementation of the social welfare
services in the city of Cabuyao. The respondents of this research were the residents in selected
barangays in the City of Cabuyao namely: Banay-Banay with a population of 21,934
inhabitants,Niugan with 26,807 inhabitants,and Sala with a population of 8,275 inhabitants. The
study was limited only to the residents whose age is 18 and above,with minimum residency of 3
years on the said barangay and those who have experienced to seek the help of the CS WD of
Cabuyao City.

To come up with the number of respondents, the researchers used the slovin's formula
as stated below. From the answers in the Solving formula, the researchers got 10 percent of the
target for the study. The table below presents the number of respondents per barangays.

Solving Formula:

N
n=
（ 1+ Ne2 ）
Where:

n=number of samples

N=total population

e=margin of error

Table 1

Distribution of Respondents

Barangay Population Number of Respondents

Banay-Banay 21,934 392 x 10% = 39
Niugan 26,807 394 x 10% = 39
Sala 8,275 381 x 10% = 38
Total 57,016 116 respondents

Data Gathering Tool

The main tool the researchers used in gathering data was a researcher-made-
questionnaire to assess the social welfare services in the City of Cabuyao. The questionnaires
have three sections. The first section was the demographic profiles of the respondents which
includes age, gender, marital status, family income and educational attainment, the second
section are questions that assessed the implementation of social welfare services in the city of
Cabuyao in terms of daycare center services, services for persons with disabilities, services for
the elderly and livelihood and skills development and the third section was the problems
encountered by the respondents on the implementation of the social welfare services to be
answered only by the social welfare workers of the City of Cabuyao.

Before the gathering of the data, the researchers sought the approval of the barangay
captain to conduct a survey research in their area. Afterwards, the researchers proceed to the
designated barangays and ask for respondents' cooperation to answer the survey
questionnaire. The study was limited only to the residents whose age is 18 and above, with
minimum residency of 3 years in the said barangay and those who are qualified to seek the help
of the CSWD of the city of Cabuyao. The study considered every aspects of the residents'
personal information like age, gender, marital status, family income, and educational
attainment.
 Data Gathering Procedure

Before the questionnaire was distributed, an introductory request letter was addressed
to the captains of three chosen barangays which are barangay Banay-Banay, Niugan and Sala in
the city of Cabuyao asking permission to conduct a research study. After the approval, the
researchers personally distributed the questionnaires to the respondents. The researchers
asked first the criteria in searching for the right respondents based on the scope and limitations
of the study. Afterwards, letter of request was presented to them and reassured them of the
confidentiality of the result. After the respondents' accomplishment of the questionnaire, it was
collected and the computation and interpretation of data followed.

Treatment of Data

After collecting the data needed, the researchers tabulated and analyzed the gathered
data with the help of the statistical tools. The following are the statistical tools used in this
study together with their corresponding formulas.

1. To determine the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, marital
status, family income and educational attainment, the researchers used percentage frequency
to answer the first statement of the problem.

Formula:

F
( P ) %= X 100
N

Where:

P=Percentage distribution

F=Frequency

N=Total number of respondents

2. To determine the assessment of the respondents towards the implementation of social

welfare services in the city of Cabuyao, the researchers used weighted mean to answer the
second statement of the problem. Scoring four-point Likert Scale with the interpretations for
computed means were also adopted. The formula for the Weighted Mean and four-point Likert
Scale and their verbal interpretation used were given below,

Formula:

Σfx
Weighted Mean=
Σf
 Where:

Σfx -The sum of the products of the frequencies and values

Σf - total frequency

The following are the weighted rated scales and verbal interpretation used in the study.

Weight Range Value Verbal Interpretation

4 3.50-4.49 Highly Evident
3 2.50-3.49 Evident
2 1.50-2.49 Less Evident
1 0.1-1.49 Least Evident

3. To determine the problems encountered by the implementers in the City of Cabuyao, the
researchers used weighted mean to answer the first statement of the problem.

Formula:

Σfx
Weighted Mean=
Σf

Where:

Σfx -The sum of the products of the frequencies and values

Σf - total frequency

The following are the weighted rated scales and verbal interpretation used in the study.

Weight Range Value Verbal Interpretation

4 3.50-4.49 Very High
3 2.50-3.49 High
2 1.50-2.49 Low
1 0.1-1.49 Very Low
4. To determine the significant difference of the socio-demographic profile to t respondent's
assessment on the implementation of the social welfare services in t City of Cabuyao,the
researchers used Chi Square Test.

The formula used is:

∑ E i(O i−E i)
x 2=
Ei

Where,

x 2= Chi square

O i= Observed frequency

E i = Expected frequency