The document provides an introduction to Philippine literature for senior high school students. It defines literature and discusses its importance in building experience, expanding horizons, and allowing voices from the past to be heard. The history of Philippine literature is then summarized from ancient times through three periods: pre-Spanish, Spanish, and American. Key forms of ancient Philippine oral literature are described such as proverbs, riddles, folk songs, folk narratives, and folktales. Students are assigned creative projects involving researching proverbs from around the world and creating their own riddles.
The document provides an introduction to Philippine literature for senior high school students. It defines literature and discusses its importance in building experience, expanding horizons, and allowing voices from the past to be heard. The history of Philippine literature is then summarized from ancient times through three periods: pre-Spanish, Spanish, and American. Key forms of ancient Philippine oral literature are described such as proverbs, riddles, folk songs, folk narratives, and folktales. Students are assigned creative projects involving researching proverbs from around the world and creating their own riddles.
The document provides an introduction to Philippine literature for senior high school students. It defines literature and discusses its importance in building experience, expanding horizons, and allowing voices from the past to be heard. The history of Philippine literature is then summarized from ancient times through three periods: pre-Spanish, Spanish, and American. Key forms of ancient Philippine oral literature are described such as proverbs, riddles, folk songs, folk narratives, and folktales. Students are assigned creative projects involving researching proverbs from around the world and creating their own riddles.
The document provides an introduction to Philippine literature for senior high school students. It defines literature and discusses its importance in building experience, expanding horizons, and allowing voices from the past to be heard. The history of Philippine literature is then summarized from ancient times through three periods: pre-Spanish, Spanish, and American. Key forms of ancient Philippine oral literature are described such as proverbs, riddles, folk songs, folk narratives, and folktales. Students are assigned creative projects involving researching proverbs from around the world and creating their own riddles.
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UNIVERSITY OF CEBU – BANILAD CAMPUS
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
ENGLISH 4 (21ST CENTURY LITERATURE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND OF THE WORLD)
LESSON 1: Introduction and History of Philippine Literature
Introduction:
Objectives:
1. Define Literature and how it mirrors life
2. Appreciate the cultural and aesthetic similarities as well as the diversity of proverbs, sayings, and riddles across multi linguistic regions of the nation
3. Identify the geographic, linguistic and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre- colonial to contemporary.
4. Use critical reading strategies to make sense of literary meanings in context.
LITERATURE – from the latin word “littera” : letter or hand writing
- which means the art of written works/ imaginative writing
- contemporary definitions extend the term to include texts that are spoken or sung (oral literature). - may be classified according to a variety of systems, including language, national origin, historical period, genre, and subject matter.
What is the importance of studying literature?
-it builds experience
-expanding of one’s horizon
- one way for us to hear the voices of the past and work with the present
- It is always realistic, it is about life (it is life when we get involved in it) it is legendary, unbelievable, and whatever it talks about, it is life because it is created and produced by people from their life.
HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
ANCIENT TIMES BEFORE THE SPANIARDS CAME
-the stories in ancient time were not written but rather passed on from generation to generation through the word of mouth
-forms of literature are not well-known due to lack of sophistication, modes of expression, naturalness and simplicity
-inhabitants of the islands showcase a rich past through their:
1. Folk speeches -refers to the dialect, or style of speaking, unique to people living within a geographic area
a. Proverbs (salawikain) /aphorisms/short slogan (sawikain) –a short saying or poem that expresses an idea in an amusing way or contains words of wisdom which is handed down from one generation to another.
Ex. Honesty is the best policy.
Do not do unto your fellow men what you do not wish done to you. 2 Forms of Proverbs
1. Imperative Form – comes in the form of a command to put the message across.
2. Descriptive Form- giving of hints at or specify the result or effect if one does not follow what is prescribed.
Ex. Honesty is the best policy.
Aanhin pa ang damo kung patay na kabayo.
Pag walang tiyaga, walang nilaga
Huli man daw at magaling naihahabol din
In English:
>better late than never
>It’s better to finish something late than to never do it at all
b. Riddles (bugtong) - a question or statement intentionally phrased so as to require ingenuity in
ascertaining its answer or meaning, typically presented as a game.
- Done in a form of descriptive and problem solving riddles
Parallelism- that refers to the similarity in the wording of the lines.
Ex. May binti walang hita ,
may tuktok walang mukha (mushroom)
= Paano mo ako matitikman, kung hindi mu ako huhubaran
C. Chants (bulong) –witchcraft or magical things done by witches.
2. Folk songs -a song that originates in traditional popular culture or that is written in such a style, it is often repetitive, echoing and moralistic.
A. lullaby - a quiet, gentle song sung to send a child to sleep
B. Love and courtship Songs - Ex. Leron-leron sinta; sarung banggi [bicol]; Dandansoy(cebuano
C. Ritual or religious songs- used of wordship or marking ceremonies
Ex. Kasadya ning taknaha
D. Katutubo Songs-Ex. Bahay kubo;; Magtanim ay di biro[Luzon], rosas pandan[cebuano panawagon and balitaw [ilonggo]
3. Folk narratives – stories passed by mouth rather than writing, they are varied, exotic and magical
A. Epic-These refer to stories that tell about the exploits and adventures of a hero and are said to be the most valuable form of ancient literature. Ex. Biag ni Lam-ang [Ilocos], The Ibalon of Bikol, The "Hari sa Bukid“ of Negros, The tale of Tonyo the Brave [Bukidnon ]
4.Folktale (kwentong bayan) - a story originating in popular culture, typically passed on by word of mouth.
4 categories of Folktale
a. myth- these refer to stories that also tell about an explanation of the origin of things but often involve gods, goddesses, and other mythological characters
Ex. Malakas at Maganda
The Children of Limokon
b. legend (alamat)- These refer to stories that often tell about the origin of things which may be true or not.
Ex. Alamat ng pinya, Alamat ng sampalok,Alamat ng bahaghari
c. fables - a short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral.
Ex. The Ants and the Grasshopper
d. fantastic stories - uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element, theme, or setting.
Assignment no.1 [ work with your group]
1. Search on the internet for samples of proverbs from countries around the world that prescribe motivational messages in the following areas.
a. Positivity
b. Use of time
c. Choice of company one keeps
2. Choose 3 proverbs or sayings per area. Present your output in a personally made “book mark” using a special paper of your own choice creatively. Size is 2x6 inches
3. Give this to the following people [Classmate, Family Member, Teacher]
Page 12
Create your own riddles following the form and structure of the ones in the examples given during discussion. Take note of the following guidelines:
A. The answer must be a common noun, yrelated to your strand and everyone knows about it
B. The riddle must be at least two lines long and at most six lines long.
C. Make at least 10 riddles either Bisaya or in English language with answer.
D. Write it creatively in a paper of your choice [5x6 inches]; attached everything using a ring binder
Criteria:
1. There is a clear theme throughout the output - 10
2. Sections have clear ideas and supported with appropriate information -15
3. It is clear that the student thoroughly understands the core concepts relevant to this -15
assignment
4 .The work is neat, presentable, creative, interesting and writing mechanics -10
