Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 11 views

    Bioteknologi: Epi Supri Wardi, M.Si Universitas Perintis Indonesia (UPERTIS) Padang, 2021

    Uploaded by

    Mezi Zhahri
    This document provides an overview of biotechnology and its historical development. It discusses early pioneers in biotechnology from the 17th-19th centuries like Antony van Leeuwenhoek, Gregor Mendel, and Louis Pasteur. It then summarizes major developments in biotechnology from the discovery of DNA's structure in the 1950s to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. The document also provides examples of conventional biotechnology used in food processing like the production of yogurt, tempeh, and soy sauce.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Bioteknologi: Epi Supri Wardi, M.Si Universitas Perintis Indonesia (UPERTIS) Padang, 2021

    Uploaded by

    Mezi Zhahri
    11 views28 pages
    This document provides an overview of biotechnology and its historical development. It discusses early pioneers in biotechnology from the 17th-19th centuries like Antony van Leeuwenhoek, Gregor Mendel, and Louis Pasteur. It then summarizes major developments in biotechnology from the discovery of DNA's structure in the 1950s to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. The document also provides examples of conventional biotechnology used in food processing like the production of yogurt, tempeh, and soy sauce.

    Original Description:

    Pendahuluan pengertian bagian bagian

    Original Title

    Bioteknologi_1-Ok

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides an overview of biotechnology and its historical development. It discusses early pioneers in biotechnology from the 17th-19th centuries like Antony van Leeuwenhoek, Gregor Mendel, and Louis Pasteur. It then summarizes major developments in biotechnology from the discovery of DNA's structure in the 1950s to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. The document also provides examples of conventional biotechnology used in food processing like the production of yogurt, tempeh, and soy sauce.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views28 pages

    Bioteknologi: Epi Supri Wardi, M.Si Universitas Perintis Indonesia (UPERTIS) Padang, 2021

    Uploaded by

    Mezi Zhahri
    This document provides an overview of biotechnology and its historical development. It discusses early pioneers in biotechnology from the 17th-19th centuries like Antony van Leeuwenhoek, Gregor Mendel, and Louis Pasteur. It then summarizes major developments in biotechnology from the discovery of DNA's structure in the 1950s to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. The document also provides examples of conventional biotechnology used in food processing like the production of yogurt, tempeh, and soy sauce.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 28

    BIOTEKNOLOGI

    Epi Supri Wardi, M.Si


    Universitas Perintis Indonesia (UPERTIS)
    Padang, 2021
    BIODATA

    • Nama : Epi Supri Wardi


    • Panggilan : Epi
    • Asal : Manggopoh, Lubuk Basung, Kab.
    Agam
    • Alamat Sekarang: Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No.23 Purus Atas,
    Padang
    • Pendidikan S1 : Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Unand
    • Pendidikan S2 : Jurusan Kimia FMIPA UI
    • Alamat email : [email protected]
    MATERI KULIAH

    1. Pendahuluan
    2. DNA, Gen, dan Ekspresi Gen
    3. Kloning Gen
    4. Manipulasi Ekspresi Gen
    5. Analisis Berbasis DNA
    BIOTEKNOLOGI

    Pemanfaatan prinsip-prinsip ilmiah yang


    menggunakan mahluk hidup untuk menghasilkan
    produk dan jasa guna kepentingan manusia

    MIKROBIOLOGI ENZIMOLOGI

    BIOKIMIA BIOLOGI SEL

    GENETIKA TEKNIK KIMIA


    Fokus Penelitian
    Bioteknologi

    • Focuses on a variety of research areas


    including:
    – Health/medicine
    – Food science
    – Environmental science
    – Agriscience
    Pioneers in Biotechnology
    Antony van Leeuwenhoek

    • 1675
    • Discovers bacteria using a simple microscope
    Gregor Mendel

    • 1863
    • Austrian monk who
    conducted the first
    genetics experiments
    using pea plants in the
    mid 1800s.
    • Often considered the
    founder of genetics.
    Louis Pasteur

    • 1870’s
    • Disproved the notion of
    spontaneous generation,
    describing the role of bacteria in
    spoilage and the scientific basis
    for fermentation
    • Created the rabies vaccine
    Robert Hooke

    • 1665
    • Invented the compound light microscope
    • First to observe cells in cork
    James Watson & Francis Crick

    • 1953
    • Englishmen
    responsible for the
    discovery of the
    double helix structure
    of DNA using X-ray
    photographs
    Paul Berg

    • 1972
    • Stanford University scientist
    who first developed
    recombinant DNA technology,
    a method for insertion of
    genetic material from one
    organism into another.
    Historical Development of
    Biotechnolgoy
    1750 B.C.

    • Origins of “biotechnology” emerge in methods


    of food production and plant and animal
    breeding
    – Use of bacteria to produce cheese (food
    preservation)
    – Use of natural enzymes in yogurt
    – Use of yeast to produce bread
    – Use of fermentation for producing wine and beer
    1869

    • DNA is discovered in trout sperm by German


    Miescher
    1919

    • The word “biotechnology” is first used by a


    Hungarian agricultural engineer.
    1940’s – 1950’s

    • Widespread work is undertaken to investigate


    the structure and function of DNA
    1980

    • The U.S. Supreme


    Court approves the
    patenting of
    genetically altered
    organisms.
    1980’s – 1990’s

    • A variety of GMO’s and biotechnology


    techniques are introduced in fields from
    agriculture to medicine
    – Recombinant DNA technology-extracts DNA from
    one organism for use in another, allowing more
    rapid and specific improvements in plants and
    animals
    – Plant Tissue Culture-gains widespread acceptance as
    a method to quickly and cheaply produce genetically
    identical plants
    1990’s

    • First transgenic organisms (GMO’s) are


    introduced in widespread agricultural
    production, particularly in the area of crops.
    – Bt corn and soybeans are introduced offering
    “natural” insect resistance by the introduction of a
    gene from the bacterium Baccillus thuringensis
    1997

    • Dolly is the first animal cloned from diploid


    cells is produced in Scotland
    Late 1990’s – Early 2000’s

    • Human cloning is
    outlawed in the
    U.S. and the first
    concerns over the
    use of human stem
    cells in research
    begin to arise.
    Bioteknologi Konvensional

    Bioteknologi yang memanfaatkan mikroorganisme


    untuk memproduksi alkohol, asam asetat, gula atau
    bahan makanan.

    Ciri : mempergunakan mahluk hidup secara


    langsung. Belum tahu adanya penggunaan enzym.
    Mempergunakan Proses fermentasi

    Contoh : Pembuatan tempe, tape, kecap, yoghurt


    Bioteknologi Konvensional

    Y Pengolahan Bahan Pangan :


    O Pengolahan produk susu
    G SEBAGIAN BESAR
    SUSU PASTEURISASI
    H LEMAK DIBUANG

    U
    Ditambahkan : Lactobacillus bulgaricus
    R dan Streptococcus thermophillus
    T
    Disimpan 5 jam, 45o C sampai pHnya 4,0

    Didinginkan dan diberi cita rasa


    Bioteknologi Konvensional

    Pengolahan Bahan Pangan :


    Pengolahan produk susu

    PASTEURISASI Didinginkan hingga


    SUSU
    (90o C ) 30o C
    K
    E Ditambahkan : Lactobacillus dan Streptococcus

    J pH turun dan susu terpisah menjadi Whey dan dadih

    U Ditambah enzym renin (sapi muda) / klimosin (enzym


    buatan) untuk menggumpalkan dadih

    Whey : Diperas untuk makanan sapi Dadih dipanaskan 32o – 420o C dan diberi
    garam lalu di tekan & dibuang airnya
    Bioteknologi Konvensional

    Pengolahan Bahan Pangan :


    Non susu

    Jamur Aspergillus oryzae


    Kedelai
    dibiakkan pada kulit gandum
    K
    E Direbus

    C
    A Didinginkan  bakteri asam
    laktat fermentasi  Kecap
    P hancur
    Bioteknologi Konvensional

    Pengolahan Bahan Pangan :


    Non susu

    Kedelai
    dicuci Bungkus, beri lubang-
    T lubang, simpan 2-3 hari.

    E Direndam
    3 jam, buang kulit
    M Beri ragi :
    a. Rhysopus oligosporus
    P Kukus, b. Rhyzopus stolonifer
    Dinginkan,
    E c. Rhyzopus arrhizus
    d. Rhyzopus oryzae
    Bioteknologi Konvensional

    Pengolahan Bahan Pangan :


    Non susu

    Ketela pohon /
    T singkong dikupas
    & dicuci
    A
    P Direbus / dikukus
    E
    Ditutup & disimpan selama
    Ditaburi ragi kurang lebih satu minggu

    You might also like