Pre Cal - Learner - S Packet Q1 Week 1
Pre Cal - Learner - S Packet Q1 Week 1
Pre Cal - Learner - S Packet Q1 Week 1
Let Us Study
CONIC SECTIONS
We introduce the conic sections (or conics), a particular class of curves that
oftentimes appear in nature and which have applications in other fields. One of the
first shapes we learned, a circle, is a conic. When you throw a ball, the trajectory it
takes is a parabola. The orbit taken by each planet around the sun is an ellipse.
Properties of hyperbolas have been used in the design of certain telescopes and
navigation systems.
The parabola, ellipse, hyperbola, and circle are called conic sections or
simply conics. The term “conic section” means that each figure is formed when a
plane intersects a right circular cone. The degenerate cases of the conic sections
include a point, a line, and two intersecting lines.
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You may watch a YouTube video in this link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HO2zAU3Eppo showing a 3D animation on
how the different types of conic sections and their degenerate cases are formed.
nappes
https://mathworld.wolfr
am.com/Nappe.html
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4
Now, try the activities in the next pages to check your understanding of the
discussion of the lesson.
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PICTURE ANALYSIS
Try This!
Directions: Determine the type of conics shown in each figure below. Write your
Activity
answer on the space provided.
I
1. Flashlight: ______________ ____
2. Watermelon: _________
,
retrieved May 4 2020
wonderseeds.blogspot.com
clausentech.com retrieved May 4, 2020
3. Orbit of a Planet: ____________ 4. Ferris wheel: ____________
Since you are done identifying the different conics in real-life representations, illustrate them
through the next activity.
RO_Pre-Calculus_SHS_Q1_LP1 4
Do More! ILLUSTRATE ME!
ActivityDirections:
I Draw a plane that will intersect the double-napped cones
such that it will form the given conics and complete the given definition.
An ellipse is a curve
formed when a ______
2. ELLIPSE plane intersects only one
cone to
form a _______ curve.
A parabola is a curve
formed when a ______
3. PARABOLA plane intersects only one
cone to form an _______
curve.
A hyperbola is a curve
formed when a plane
4. HYPERBOLA
intersects both cones to
form _________.
Conics are useful! Let’s see if you can find them in your place by doing the next
activity.
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WORTH IT, CONICS ARE EVERYWHERE!
A. CONIC IMPORTANCE/
PICTURE OR SKETCH
SECTION USEFULNESS
1. CIRCLE
2. ELLIPSE
3. PARABOLA
4. HYPERBOLA
B. DEGENERATE IMPORTANCE/
PICTURE OR SKETCH
CONICS USEFULNESS
1. POINT
2. ONE LINE
3. TWO LINES
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Are you now ready to broaden your understanding of circles? The next lesson will
help you. Please read and analyze it carefully.
= √ (6−3) 2+(5−1)2
¿5
There are other points 𝑃 such that 𝑃𝐶 ¿ 5
and the collection of all such points which are
units away from 𝐶, forms a circle.
Figure 1
Using the discussion above, we shall define a circle by letting (h, k) be the
center of a circle and (𝑥, 𝑦) be any point on the circle (see
Figure 2).
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https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/geometry/definition-of-circle.html
Figure 2
Look at the picture below for additional information about the parts of
a circle.
https://www.slideshare.net/JohnPaulHablado1/quick-and-easy-way-of-determining-the- center-and-radius-of-the-general-form-of-circles-equation
Answer:
a) Center (0 , 0 ¿ , radius 7
b) Center (6 , 5 ¿ , radius 7
You can find this by getting the coordinates of the center (x, y) and counting
the number of units from the center to the surface of the circle.
RO_Pre-Calculus_SHS_Q1_LP1 9
3. 4.
https://www.slideshare.net/JohnPaulHablado1/quick-and-easy-way-of-determining-the- center-and-radius-of-the-general-form-of-circles-equation
Let (ℎ, 𝑘) be the center of a circle and let (𝑥, 𝑦) be any point on the circle (Figure
5).
https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/geometry/definition-of-circle.html
Figure 5
Clearly, we see in the figure that 𝐶𝑃 = 𝑟, where 𝑟 > 0. Then, by using the
distance formula and by substitution, we have
√(x 2−x 1) 2+( y 2− y 1)2 = 𝑑
( x 2−x 1)2+( y 2− y 1)2 = r 2
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or (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
This is the equation of the circle with center at (ℎ, 𝑘) and radius 𝑟. If the
center is the origin, then ℎ = 0 and 𝑘 = 0. The standard equation is then
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐.
Examples:
A. Find the standard equation of the circle satisfying the given conditions.
Solutions: Figure 6
1. The required equation can be obtained by using 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐, since the center
is at the origin. If r =5, therefore the equation is x 2+ y 2=52∨x 2 + y 2=25.
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2. Using the standard equation (𝒙 − 𝒉) + (𝒚 − 𝒌) = 𝒓𝟐, where h=−4 , k=3 ,∧r= √ 7 ,
then the required equation of the circle is ( x +4 )2+ ( y−3 )2=¿ ( √ 7 )2 circle 𝑜𝑟
B. Identify the center and radius of the circle with the given equation in each item.
1. x 2+ y 2=36
2. ( x−3)2 + y 2=8
2 2 1
3. x +( y−1) =
4
2 2
4. x + y + 4 x−6 y −3=0
5. 4 x2 + 4 y 2−16 x−24 y+51=0 (Completing the square to find a circle's
center and radius always works in this manner.)
Solutions:
1. Center (0 , 0) and radius 6
2. Center (3 , 0) and radius √ 8∨2 √ 2
1
3. Center (0 , 1) and radius
2
4. C (h , k )=¿ ( −2a , −2b ) use formula for finding the center
4 −6
C (h , k )=¿ (
−2 −2 )
, substitute 4 for a, and -6 for b
r =¿ √ h2 +k 2 −c
r =√ 10 simplify
r =3.16
5. Please follow these steps for you to arrive at the correct answer.
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Here is the equation given to you. 4 x2 + 4 y 2−16 x−24 y+51=0
Move the constant number to the right side. 4 x2 + 4 y 2−16 x−24 y=−51
Group the terms with the same variables
together. 4 x2 −16 x+ 4 y 2−24 y=−51
Make sure that the numerical coefficients of
x2 and y2 are both 1. (In this case, both left
−51
and right sides of the equation are x 2−4 x+ y 2 −6 y=
1 4
multiplied by or divided by 4).
4
How did you find the examples presented in each learning situation? Were you able
to follow? This is now your turn to apply what you have learned.
Activity
I
Activity I
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Directions: Choose the correct answer from the box above. Match
it with the given statements describing the equation of the circle.
Criteria Points/Percentage
Total 100
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Try this: PICTURE ANALYSIS
Try this!
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D
Do More:
Match Up!
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VI. Reflection
Directions: Complete the following statements. You may use an
additional sheet if needed.
1. What I enjoyed most in this lesson is/are ______________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. I find difficulty in _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. I want to learn more in ________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
VII. References
Creative Learning. “Conic Section 3D Animation.” YouTube video, 5:27. September 22,
2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HO2zAU3Eppo
Feliciano, Florentino and Uy, Fausto. Modern Analytic Geometry. Merriam & Webster
Bookstore, Inc.1994
Hablado, John Paul. “Quick and Easy Way of Determining the Center and Radius of the
General Form of Circle's Equation.” Slideshare. September 08, 2017.
https://www.slideshare.net/JohnPaulHablado1/quick-and-easy-way-of-determining-the-
center-and-radius-of-the-general-form-of-circles-equation
Stapel, Elizabeth. "Completing the Square: Circle Equations." Purplemath. August 27, 2021.
https://www.purplemath.com/modules/sqrcircle.htm.
JOMER O. RUZ
CYNTHIA U. SEVA
Smile Learner’s Packet Writer
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