General Mathematics

Quarter 1
Module for Week 5 – 8

30
 Lesson Represent Real-Life Situation using
1 One-to-One Functions
ONE-TO-ONE FUNCTION
A function is said to be one-to-one function if and only if the respective element of its domain
corresponds to a single element in its range, and the respective element of its range corresponds to
a single element in its domain.
There are a lot of real-life applications of a one-to-one function. Determine whether the given
relation is a function. If it is a function, determine whether it is one-to-one.

Example 1: The relation pairing an SSS member to his or her SSS number.
Solution:
Each SSS member is assigned a unique SSS number. Thus, this relation is a function.
Further, two members cannot be assigned with the same SSS numbers, therefore, the function
is one-to-one.

Example 2: The relation pairing a citizenship to a person

Solution:
The relation is a function because each person has a citizenship. However, a person can
have two citizenship, (dual citizen) therefore, it is not one-to-one function.

Graph of a One-to-one Function

If f is a one-to-one function then no two points, have the same y-value. Therefore, no horizontal
line cuts the graph of the equation y = f(x) more than once.

Horizontal Line Test. A graph passes the Horizontal Line Test if each horizontal line
intersects the graph at most once.

Example. Which of the following functions are one-to-one?

Figure 1 Figure 2

Figure 3 Figure 4

Answer: Using the horizontal line test, Figure 1 and 4 are graphs of one-to-one function.

1
 Lesson
The Inverse of One-to-One Functions
2
Inverse Function Defined
A function has an inverse if and only if it is one-to-one function. Let 𝑓 be a one-to-one function
with domain A and range B. Then the inverse of 𝑓, denoted by 𝑓-1, is a function with domain B and
range A defined by 𝑓-1 (𝑦) = 𝑥 if and only if 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦 for any y in B.

To determine the inverse of a one-to-one function:

1. Convert the function in the form 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥);
2. Interchange the x and y variable;
3. Solve for y in terms of x
4. Write the inverse function in the form 𝑓-1(𝑥)

Example 1: Find the inverse of 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 + 5

Step 1. Convert the function in the form 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 5

Step 2. Interchange the x and y variable 𝑥 = 7𝑦 + 5

Step 3. Solve for y in terms of x 𝑥 − 5 = 7𝑦

𝑥 − 5 7𝑦
=
7 7

𝑥−5
=𝑦
7

𝑥−5
𝑦=
7

𝒙−𝟓
Step 4. Write the inverse function in the form 𝒇-1(𝒙) 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) =
𝟕
3𝑥+1
Example 2: Find the inverse of 𝑓(𝑥) = .
2
Step 1. Convert the function in the form 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) 3𝑥 + 1
𝑦=
2
Step 2. Interchange the x and y variable 3𝑦 + 1
𝑥=
2
Step 3. Solve for y in terms of x 3𝑦 + 1
𝑥=
2

2𝑥 = 3𝑦 + 1

2𝑥 − 1 = 3𝑦

2𝑥 − 1 3𝑦
=
3 3

2𝑥 − 1
=𝑦
3

2𝑥 − 1
𝑦=
3
2𝑥 − 1
Step 4. Write the inverse function in the form 𝒇-1(𝒙) 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) =
3

2
 Lesson Representing an Inverse function
3 through Table of values, and Graph
The inverse of a function is a function with domain B and range A given that the original
function has domain A and range B.
In using table of values of the functions, first we need to ascertain that the given function is a
one-to-one function wherein no x-values are repeated. It is represented as the x-values of the function
resulted as the y-values of its inverse, and the y-values of the function are the x-values of its inverse.
Also, the graph should correspond to a one to one function by applying the Horizontal Line test. If it
passes the test, the corresponding function is one-to-one. Given the graph of a one-to-one function,
the graph of its inverse can be obtained by reflecting the graph about the line y = x.

𝑥−5
Example: In the given function 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 + 5 with an inverse function of 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = as discussed in
7
the previous lesson, complete the table of values below.

A. Using the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 + 5, find the y-values that corresponds to the x-values in the table.
x -2 -1 0 1 2
f(x) -9 -2 5 12 19

If 𝑥 = −2 If 𝑥 = −1 If 𝑥 = 0 If 𝑥 = 1 If 𝑥 = 2
𝑓(−2) = 7(−2) + 5 𝑓(−1) = 7(−1) + 5 𝑓(0) = 7(0) + 5 𝑓(1) = 7(1) + 5 𝑓(2) = 7(2) + 5
𝑓(−2) = −14 + 5 𝑓(−1) = −7 + 5 𝑓(0) = 0 + 5 𝑓(1) = 7 + 5 𝑓(2) = 14 + 5
𝒇(−𝟐) = −𝟗 𝒇(−𝟏) = −𝟐 𝒇(𝟎) = 𝟓 𝒇(𝟏) = 𝟏𝟐 𝒇(𝟐) = 𝟏𝟗

𝑥−5
B. At this point, let us investigate on the inverse function 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = , by using the y-values from
7
the original function as x-values of the inverse function.

x -9 -2 5 12 19
f-1(x) -2 -1 0 1 2

If 𝑥 = −9 If 𝑥 = −2 If 𝑥 = 5 If 𝑥 = 12 If 𝑥 = 19
−9−5 −2−5 5−5 12−5 19−5
𝑓 −1 (−9) = 𝑓 −1 (−2) = 𝑓 −1 (5) = 𝑓 −1 (12) = 𝑓 −1 (19) =
7 7 7 7 7
−14 −7 0 7 14
𝑓 −1 (−9) = 𝑓 −1 (−2) = 𝑓 −1 (5) = 𝑓 −1 (12) = 𝑓 −1 (19) =
7 7 7 7 7
𝒇−𝟏 (−𝟗) = −𝟐 𝒇−𝟏 (−𝟐) = −𝟏 𝒇−𝟏 (𝟓) =𝟎 𝒇−𝟏 (𝟏𝟐) =𝟏 𝒇−𝟏 (𝟏𝟗) =𝟐

If we will observe the domain and range of the inverse of a function, the range of the inverse
function is the domain of the given function, and the domain of the inverse function is the range of
the given function.

Graph of the
Inverse Function
𝑥−5
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
7

Graph of the
Function
𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 + 5

3
 Lesson Domain and Range of an
4 Inverse Function
From the previous lesson, you already learned that the domain of a function is the set of input values
that are used for the independent variable and the range of a function is the set of output values for
the dependent variable. But, from this lesson, how will you determine the domain and range of an
inverse function?
A relation reversing the process performed by any function f(x) is called inverse of f(x).

To determine the domain and range of an inverse function:

The outputs of the function f are the inputs to f−1, so the range of f is also the domain of f−1. Likewise,
because the inputs to f are the outputs of f −1, the domain of f is the range of f−1. We can visualize the
situation.
Function Inverse of the Function
x 1 2 3 4 5 x 3 6 9 12 15
y 3 6 9 12 15 y 1 2 3 4 5

Properties of an Inverse Function

If the f-1 inverse function exists,
1. f-1 is a one to one function, f is also one-to-one.
2. Domain of f-1= Range
3. Range of f-1 = Domain of f.

𝒙−𝟓
Example 1: Find the domain and range of the function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟓 and its inverse 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = .
𝟕

Domain Range

𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 + 5 {𝑥 ∈ ℝ} {𝑦 ∈ ℝ}

𝑥−5
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = {𝑥 ∈ ℝ} {𝑦 ∈ ℝ}
7

Example 2: Find the domain and range of 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 2 and its inverse.

Step 1. Convert the function in the form 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) 𝑦 = √𝑥 + 2

Step 2. Interchange the x and y variable 𝑥 = √𝑦 + 2

Step 3. Solve for y in terms of x 𝑥 = √𝑦 + 2

(𝑥)2 = (√𝑦 + 2)2

𝑥2 = 𝑦 + 2

𝑥 2 − 2 = 𝑦 or 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 2

Step 4. Write the inverse function in the form 𝒇-1(𝒙) 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐

Domain Range

𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 2 {𝑥 ≥ −2} {𝑦 ≥ 0}

𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2 {𝑥 ∈ ℝ} {𝑦 ≥ −2}

4
Lesson Solving Real-life Problems Involving
5 Inverse Functions

5
 ACTIVITY SHEET 4
WRITTEN WORK NO. 4

A. Identify whether each of the following represents one-to-one functions.

1. Degree Fahrenheit to its equivalent degree Celsius measurement
2. Person to his/her citizenship
3. Fare to the distance travelled
4. Cellphone to its cellphone number
5. Length in meters to its length in inches
6. Father to his first biological son
7. ATM Card Number to account name
8. Person to his favorite music
9. House to telephone number
10. Brand name to pair of shoes

B. Complete the statements below.

1. The ________ is a set of ordered pairs in which no two ordered pairs that have the same first
components have different second components.
2. When working on the coordinate plane, a function is a one-to-one function when it will pass
the _____________ (to make it a function) and also a ___________ (to make it one-to-one).
3. Is the Function f:(m,3), (a,2), (t,9), (h,4) represents one-to-one functions? If yes, why?
___________________
4. In the diagram below, set A is the _______ of the function and set B is the _______of the function.

5. In a one-to-one function, given any y value, there is only one x that can be paired with the
given y. Such functions are also referred to as _________.

PERFORMANCE TASK NO. 4

A. Solve for the inverse function of each of the following if it exists.

1. f(x) = 25x − 18
2. f(x) = x 9
3. g(a) = a2 + 8a − 7
2x+17
4. h(x) =
3x+1
5. h(c) = √2c + 2

B. Given the inverse function f −1 (x) = 25x − 18 , complete the table of values, then sketch the graph.

x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

C. Solve the problem.

Juan is making a collage, and he planned to form a circle by putting together various pieces of
construction paper. Given the formula of the area of the circle 𝐴=𝜋𝑟2.

(a) Find the inverse of the area in terms of radius.

(b) Use the inverse to find the radius of a circle with an area of 48 cm 2.

27
 Lesson Exponential Functions,
6 Equations and Inequalities
An exponential function is a function involving exponential expression showing a
relationship between the independent variable x and dependent variable y or f(x).

Examples:
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥+3
𝑦 = 102𝑥

On the other hand, an exponential equation is an equation involving exponential expression

that can be solved for all x values satisfying the equation.

Examples:
121 = 11𝑥
3𝑥 = 9𝑥−2

Lastly, an exponential inequality is an inequality involving exponential expression that can

be solved for all x values satisfying the inequality.

Examples:
641/3 > 2𝑥
9𝑥 ≤ 0.81

To better understand exponential function, equation and inequality, study the table below.

Lesson
Solving Equations and Inequalities
7
In solving exponential equation and exponential inequality, you may apply the laws of
exponent and the property of inequality for exponential function as needed. Solving equation and
inequality is finding for the value/s of the unknown variable of
the equation and inequality.

6
Solving Exponential Equation

One-to-one Property of Exponential Functions states that in 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 , if 𝑥1 ≠ 𝑥2 , then

𝑏 𝑥1≠ 𝑏 𝑥2 . Conversely, if 𝑏 𝑥1 = 𝑏 𝑥2 , then 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 . This property paves the way in understanding how
to solve exponential equation.

Example 3: Solve for the value of x in 4𝑥−1 = 16

Solving Exponential Inequality

Recall that in an exponential function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 , 𝑏 > 0 but 𝑏 ≠ 1. Now, the key to solving
exponential inequality is the fact that if 𝑏 > 1 and 𝑥1 > 𝑥2 , then 𝑏 𝑥1 > 𝑏 𝑥2 . Otherwise, if 0 < 𝑏 < 1, then
𝑏 𝑥1 < 𝑏 𝑥2 . Let us further make this clearer by considering the next examples.

7
 Lesson Representing Exponential Functions Through
8 Table of Values, Graph and Equation

Skills in evaluation must be used in representing the function through table of values and
graph. While graphing the function, we need to plot the coordinates that we have in the table of values
in the Cartesian Coordinate Plane.
Let us work the table of values and the graph of the following exponential function. In graphing,
observe the movement of the line or figure.

Example 1: Graph the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥

Solution:
Step 1. Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given function. The table of values for
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 is as follows

8
 x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
1 1 1
f(x) or 0.125 or 0.25 or 0.50 1 2 4 8
8 4 2

Step 2. Plot the points found in table.

Step 3. Connect them using smooth curve.

It can be observed that the function is defined for all values of x, is strictly increasing, and
attains only positive y-values. As x decreases without bound, the function approaches 0, i.e., the line
y = 0 is a horizontal asymptote.
1 𝑥
Example 2. Sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = ( ) .
2
Solution:
Step 1. Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given function.
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
1 1 1
f(x) 8 4 2 1 or 0.125 or 0.25 or 0.50
8 4 2

Step 2. Plot the points found in table.

9
Step 3. Connect them using smooth curve.

It can be observed that the function is defined for all values of x, is strictly decreasing, and
attains only positive values. As x increases without bound, the function approaches 0, i.e., the line
y=0 is a horizontal asymptote.

In general, depending on the value of b, graph of f(x) = bx has the following graph.

Example 3: Sketch the graph of y = 2x, y = 2x-1, y = 2x− 2 on the same coordinate plane.

10
Example 3. Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 2𝑥 , 𝑦 = 2𝑥−1 and 𝑦 = 2𝑥−2 in one plane. Describe the graph.

Solution: Compute some function values and list the results in a table.

11
 Lesson Domain and Range of
9 Exponential Functions
The domain of a function is the set of input values that are used for the independent variable.
The range of a function is the set of output values for the dependent variable. For any exponential
function, 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 the domain is the set of all real numbers. The range, however, is bounded by the
horizontal asymptote of the graph of 𝑓(𝑥).

Domain and Range of Exponential Functions

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 𝑃(𝑥) + ℎ be an exponential function where 𝑃(𝑥) is linear. Then, the domain of
(h, +∞), if a > 0
the function is ℝ and the range of the function is, = {
(−∞, h), if a < 0

12
 Lesson Intercepts, Zeroes, and Asymptotes
10 of Exponential Functions
Determining the Zeroes of Exponential Equation
The zero of an exponential function refers to the value of the independent variable x that makes
the function 0. Graphically it is the abscissa of the point of intersection of the graph of the exponential
function and the x-axis. To find the zero of an exponential function, equate f(x) to 0 and solve for x.

Determine the zero of the given exponential function.

1. f(x) = 3x
Solution:
To find the zero of the function, equate it to 0 and solve for x.

The resulting equation suggests that f(x) has no zero since no real value of x will make 3x = 0
a true statement.

2.
Solution:
To find the zero of the function, equate it to 0 and solve for x.

13
Intercepts of an Exponential Function
The y-intercept is a point at which the graph crosses the y-axis. The x-value is always at zero.
To find the intercepts from an equation, let the y-value equal to zero, then solve for x.

14
15
Lesson Solving Real-life Problems Involving Exponential
11 Functions, Equations, and Inequalities

16
17
 ACTIVITY SHEET 5
WRITTEN WORK NO. 5

Determine whether each is an Exponential Function, Exponential Equation, or Exponential

Inequality.
t
1 30
1. y = ( )
2

2. f(x) = 15
3. 2 ⋅ 32𝑥−1 + 7 = 61
4. 2 ⋅ 2𝑥 ≤ 8
t
1 5
5. g(t) = ( )
2
1
6. 2x =
32

7. 2x ⋅ 2x−2 ≥ √2
8. 3 ⋅ 2x < 24
9. f(x) = 3x
10. 2 ⋅ 3x+3 + 1 = h(x)

PERFORMANCE TASK NO. 5

A. Solve the following exponential equations and inequalities.

1. 82−x = 2
1 x 1
2. ( ) <
2 8

3. 5x = 25x−2
4. 3x+2 ≥ 27
5. 43x = 8x−1

B. Find the domain, range, intercepts, zeroes and asymptotes of the following exponential functions,
then sketch the graph.

1. 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥
1 𝑥
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = ( )
4

C. Solve the following problems involving exponential functions, equations, and inequalities.

1. A culture of bacteria is put in a petri dish and the culture doubles every 2 hours. Approximate
how many bacteria will there be after 5 hours.

2. A certain radioactive substance has a half-life of 30 years. Initially, there are 10 grams of the
substance. Approximately, how much substance will be left after 15 years?

28
Lesson Logarithmic Function, Equation and
12 Inequality

18
 Lesson Solving Logarithmic Equations and
13 Inequalities
Basic Properties and Laws of Logarithm

Solution:

19
20
 Lesson Representations of
13 Logarithmic Functions
Graph of a Logarithmic Function

Let us begin with the parent function 𝑓(𝑥) = log 𝑏 𝑥. Because every logarithmic function of this
form is the inverse of the exponential function with the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 , their graphs are reflections of
each other across the line y = x, as shown below.

For any real number x and constant b > 0, b ≠ 1, we can see the following characteristics in
the graph f(x)=logbx: one-to-one function; vertical asymptote x = 0; domain: (0, ∞) and range: (-∞, ∞);
x-intercept: (1,0) and key point (b, 1), y-intercept: none; increasing if b>1 and decreasing if 0 < b < 1.

Example 1. Sketch the graph of y = log2x.

Solution:
Step 1: Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given function.

21
Step 2. Plot the points found in the table and connect them using a smooth curve.

Graphing Transformations of Logarithmic Functions

Transformation of logarithmic graphs behave similarly to those of other parent functions. We
can shift, stretch, and compress the parent function y = log bx without loss of shape.

A. Horizontal Shifts of the Parent Function y = logb(x)

For any constant c, the function f(x) = log b(x+c)
• shifts the parent function y = logb(x) left c units if c > 0.
• shifts the parent function y = logb(x) right c units if c < 0.
• has the vertical asymptote x = - c.
• has domain (-c, ∞).
• has range (-∞, ∞).

Example 1. Sketch the graph of f(x) = log3(x-2) alongside its parent function.

Since the function f(x) = log3(x-2), we notice x + (-2) = x – 2. Thus, c = -2, so c < 0. This means
we will shift the function f(x) = log3(x) right 2 units. The vertical asymptote is x = -(-2) or x = 2.

22
B. Vertical Shifts of the Parent Function y = log b(x)
For any constant d, the function f(x) = log b(x) + d.
• shifts the parent function y = logb(x) up d units if d > 0.
• shifts the parent function y = logb(x) down d units if d < 0.
• has the vertical asymptote x = 0.

Example 2. Sketch the graph of f(x) = log3(x) – 2 alongside its parent function.
Since the function is f(x) = log3(x) -2, we will notice d = -2. Thus, d < 0. This means we will shift the
function f(x) = log3(x) down 2 units. The vertical asymptote is x = 0.

C. Vertical Stretches and Compressions of the Parent Function y=log b(x)

For any constant b > 1, the function f(x) = a log b(x)
● stretches the parent function y = logb(x) vertically by a factor of a if a>1.
● compresses the parent function y = logb(x) vertically by a factor of a if 0 < a < 1.
● has the vertical asymptote x = 0.
● has the x-intercept (1,0).

23
Example 3. Sketch the graph of f(x) = 2 log4(x) alongside its parent function.
Since the function f(x) = 2 log4(x), we will notice a = 2. This means we will stretch the
function f(x) = log4(x) by a factor of 2. The vertical asymptote is x = 0.

Lesson Domain and Range of

14 Logarithmic Functions
Domain and Range of Logarithmic Function
The domain of a function is the set of all possible values of the independent variable x. The
possible values of the independent variable x are often called inputs. The range of the function are
the corresponding values of the dependent variable y. The corresponding values of the dependent
variable y are often called outputs.
In the case of a logarithmic function, its domain is defined as a set of all positive real numbers
while its range is a set of real numbers.

Example 1. Find the domain and range of 𝑓(𝑥)=log5(2𝑥−4)

Solution
2x – 4 > 0 Set up an inequality showing an argument greater than zero.
2x > 4 or x > 2 Solve for x.

Domain: (2, ∞)
Range: (-∞, ∞)

24
Example 2. Find the domain and range of 𝑓(𝑥)=log2(𝑥−3)+2.
Solution:
x–3 > 0
x-3+3 > 0+3
x>3

Domain: (3, ∞)
Range: (-∞, ∞)

Example 3. Find the domain and range of 𝑓(𝑥)=log(3−2𝑥).

Solution:
3-2x > 0
-3+3-2x > 0-3
-2x > -3

Domain: (-∞, 3)
Range: (-∞, ∞)

Lesson Intercepts, Zeroes, and Asymptotes

15 of Logarithmic Functions
Intercepts and Zeroes of Logarithmic Functions
An intercept in Mathematics is where a function crosses the x or y-axis. x-intercepts are where
functions cross the x-axis. They are also called roots, solutions, and zeroes of a function. They are
found algebraically by setting y=0 and solving for x. The zero of a function is the x-value that makes
the function equal to 0, that is, 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)=0. In this section, our discussion will focus only on the x-
intercept of a given logarithmic function.

Example 1. Find the intercept and zeroes of 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑙og(2𝑥+3)

To find the intercept, we let y = 0 then solve for x.

𝑓(𝑥)=𝑙og(2𝑥+3)
0 = log(2𝑥+3)
100 = 2𝑥 + 3 change from logarithmic to exponential function
1 = 2x+3 since 100 = 1
2x = 1 - 3
2x = -2 divide both sides by 2
x = -1
Therefore, the x-intercept is at (-1,0) and the zero of the function is -1.

Vertical Asymptote of Logarithmic Function

An asymptote is a line that a curve approaches, as it heads towards infinity. It is a vertical
asymptote when as x approaches some constant value c (either from the left or from the right) then
the curve goes towards ∞ or -∞.
In dealing with the vertical asymptote of a logarithmic function, it is a must to remember that
logarithmic function is not defined for negative numbers or zero, and the domain of a logarithmic
function 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥, x is a set of positive real numbers. A logarithmic function will have a vertical
asymptote precisely where its argument (i.e. the quantity inside the parentheses) is equal to zero.

Example 1. Find the vertical asymptote of the graph of f(x) = log x - 2.

Since the domain of the logarithmic function is (0, ∞), the graph has a vertical asymptote at x = 0.

Example 3. Find the vertical asymptote of the graph of 𝑓(𝑥)=log2(𝑥+3)+2 .

Set the argument (x+3) equal to zero then solve for x, that is,
x+3=0
x = -3
Since the logarithmic function is defined for x > -3, the graph has a vertical asymptote at x = -3.

25
 Lesson Solving Problems involving Logarithmic
16 Functions, Equations and Inequalities
Learning new things like discovering the importance of learning logarithm and its significance
in real-life situations is fun. You will notice that some of the problems here are somewhat the same
with the problems you already solved involving exponential function. Yes! You already know about
solving some problems here, but this time you will solve them using logarithmic functions, equations,
and inequalities.

Example 1
COVID-19 pandemic according to news is spreading rapidly, transferring from human to human. It
is a kind of virus that affects the human respiratory system and it is commonly associated with
cough, pneumonia, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), and other respiratory-related
infections.
Let us assume that the virus has an initial population of 10,000 and grows to 25,000 after 50
minutes. Assume that its growth follows an exponential model f(t) = Ae kt representing the number of
viruses after t minutes. The e is used in the model because the virus continuously grows over time.
a. Find A and k.
b. Use the model to determine the number of viruses after 6 hours.

Example 3
When an organism dies, the amount of carbon-14 in its system starts to decrease. The Carbon-14 is
about 7,200 years. An archaeologist found a bone in Mountain Province of Cordillera Region that
contains ¼ of the carbon-14 it originally had, how long ago did the human die?

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 ACTIVITY SHEET 6
WRITTEN WORK NO. 6

Identify whether the given expression is a logarithmic function, logarithmic equation, or

logarithmic inequality.

1. f(x) = log3 x 6. logx 2 < 4

2. log2 x = 4 7. f(x) = log3 (x-1)
3. log 1000 = -x 8. h(x) = 5 log3(x+5) -1
4. ln x2 > (ln x)2 9. log3(2x-1) < log3(x+2)
5. log5(x-2) = 7 10. log (x+3) = log (2x-3)

PERFORMANCE TASK NO. 6

A. Use the laws of logarithms to expand each expression

1. log (xy2)
5 6
2. log ( )
𝑥

3. ln [x(x-2)]
4. log2 (AB2)
5. loga (x2/yz3)

B. Use the laws of logarithms to condense each expression as a single logarithm.

1. log 4 + log 5
2. log x – log y
3. 3ln 5 + ln y
4. log6 (x2) - 3log2 x
5. 3 – log 4

C. Solve the following equations/inequalities

log3 (4t ) = 1 − log3 (3t ) log 2 (3x − 2)  2
1. 4.
log2 (4 x ) = log4 8
5. log (x + 1)  2
2
2.
3. log 2 (t + 1) − log 2 (t − 1) = 3 6. ln x = 2 + 3 ln 2

D. Determine the domain, range, intercepts, zeroes and asymptotes of the following logarithmic
functions, then sketch the graph.
1. f(x) = log3 x+1
2. g(x) = log3 (x+1)

E. Solve the following problems.

1. Health care facilities use radioactive substance iodine-131 in their researches. It is used in
locating brain tumors and in measuring heart, liver, and thyroid activity. A hospital
purchased 60 grams of the substance. Eight days later, the substance is reduced to 30
grams (the rest decayed). Predict the remaining amount after 4 weeks after purchase.

2. The 1990 earthquake in Dagupan City had a magnitude of 6.9. While the 2013 earthquake
that occurred in Bohol had a magnitude of 7.2. How much more energy was released by
the 2013 Bohol earthquake than the 1990 Dagupan City earthquake?

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