Important Chemical Reactions For Class 12 Chemistry: Classes Competitive Exams Buy A Course +919243500460
Important Chemical Reactions For Class 12 Chemistry: Classes Competitive Exams Buy A Course +919243500460
Important Chemical Reactions For Class 12 Chemistry: Classes Competitive Exams Buy A Course +919243500460
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1. Chemistry
2. Chemistry Articles
3. Chemical Reactions For Cbse Class 12
1. Sandmeyer Reaction:
The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction which is used to synthesize aryl halides
from aryl diazonium salts. This reaction is a method for substitution of an aromatic amino
group by preparing diazonium salt that is followed by its displacement and copper salts
often catalyze it.
The Br, Cl and Cn nucleophiles can be easily present in the benzene ring of benzene
diazonium salt in the presence of Copper ion.
2. Gattermann Reaction:
Bromine and Chlorine can be present in the benzene ring by preparing the benzene
diazonium salt solution with similar halogen acid present with copper powder. This is
the Gattermann Reaction.
3. Balz-Schiemann Reaction:
When arene-diazonium chloride is prepared with fluoroboric acid, arene diazonium
fluoroborate is precipitated and decomposes to yield aryl fluoride which on heating.
4. Finkelstein Reaction:
In the Finkelstein Reaction Alkyl iodides are prepared easily by the reaction of alkyl
chlorides with Nal in dry acetone.
5. Swarts Reaction:
When alkyl chloride is heated in the presence of a metallic fluoride like AgF, Hg2F2,
SbF3 or CoF2, we get alkyl fluorides.
6. Wurtz Reaction:
When Alkyl halides get reacted with sodium with dry ether, we get hydrocarbons that
include the double number of carbon atoms present in the halide. This is known as
the Wurtz Reaction
7. Wurtz-Fittig Reaction:
When a mixture of alkyl halide and aryl halide gets treated with sodium in dry ether, we
get an alkyl arene.
8. Fittig Reaction:
Aryl halides prepared with sodium in dry ether to give analogous compounds where two
aryl groups joined.
Also Read: Acetylation
1. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction:
When preparing phenol with chloroform in the presence of sodium hydroxide, -CHO group
is present at the ortho position of the benzene ring which results into salicylaldehyde.
2. Kolbe’s Reaction:
Phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide to give sodium phenoxide which then reacts with
carbon dioxide in acidic medium to give hydroxybenzoic acid.
3. Rosenmund Reduction:
When Acyl chloride is hydrogenated to an aldehyde over a catalyst, known
as Rosenmund catalyst which is either palladium or barium sulfate.
4. Stephen reaction:
Nitriles with stannous chloride in the presence of hydrochloric acid reduced to the
corresponding imine and give the corresponding aldehyde after hydrolysis.
5. Etard reaction:
Chromyl chloride oxidizes methyl group to get chromium complex which on hydrolysis
provides corresponding benzaldehyde.
9. Tollens’ test:
Heating an aldehyde with fresh prepared ammoniacal silver nitrate solution produces a
bright silver mirror due to the formation of silver metal.