Interview ASME SEC IX & General QUESTIONS
Interview ASME SEC IX & General QUESTIONS
Interview ASME SEC IX & General QUESTIONS
2. Please tell about one etching reagent used for ferrous materials.
Ans: One part of nitric acid and 3 parts of water by volume is one of the etching
agent used for ferrous materials.
Ans: P number is 1
Ans: An indication in which the length of indication is more than 3 times the width.
Ans: An indication in which the length of the indication is 3 times the width or less.
1. What is WPS?
2. What is PQR?
Answer: PQR stands for procedure qualification record. The PQR documents what
occurred during welding the test coupon and the results of testing of the coupon.
3. Why a WPS needs qualification?
Answer: The purpose for qualification of a WPS is to determine that the weldment
proposed for construction is capable of providing the required properties for its
intended application.
Answer: NO.
WPS, PQR, WPQ/WOPQ made in accordance with the requirements of the 1962
edition or any later edition of section IX may be used in any construction built to
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or the ASME B 31 Code for pressure
piping.
Answer: 1. Tension test. 2. Guided bend test. 3. Fillet weld test 4. Notch
toughness test
3. Why the different mechanical tests are conducted for procedure
or performance qualification as oer ASME Section IX?
Answer:
1. Tension test: Used to determine the ultimate strength of groove-weld joints
2. Guided bend test: Used to determine the degree of soundness and ductility of
groove-weld joints.
3. Fillet weld test: Used to determine the size , contour and degree of soundness of
fillet welds.
4. Notch toughness test: Used to determine the notch toughness of the weldment
4. What are the tests done for stud welding procedure and performance
qualification ?
Answer: Yes
Welders making groove welds in P.No.21 through P No.26 and P.No.51 through P
No.53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by volumetric NDE
Answer: Yes
Welding operators making groove welds in P.No.21 through P No.26 and P.No.51
through P No.53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by volumetric
NDE
Answer: No
Answer: Yes
As per QW-191.2.1 (a), The ultrasonic examination for welder and welding
operators may be conducted on test welds in material 1/2 in. (13 mm) thick or
greater.
Answer: Yes
Welders making groove welds in P.No.21 through P No.26 and P.No.51 through P
No.53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by volumetric NDE
Welding operators making groove welds in P.No.21 through P No.26 and P.No.51
through P No.53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by volumetric
NDE
Answer: No
Answer: Yes
Answer: Yes
As per QW-191.2.1 (a), The ultrasonic examination for welder and welding
operators may be conducted on test welds in material 1/2 in. (13 mm) thick or
greater.
Answer: Yes
Welders making groove welds in P.No.21 through P No.26 and P.No.51 through P
No.53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by volumetric NDE
Answer: Yes
Welding operators making groove welds in P.No.21 through P No.26 and P.No.51
through P No.53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by volumetric
NDE
Answer: No
Answer: Yes
Answer: Yes
As per QW-191.2.1 (a), The ultrasonic examination for welder and welding
operators may be conducted on test welds in material 1/2 in. (13 mm) thick or
greater.
1. The purpose of the WPS and PQR is to determined that:
1. nonessential variables
2. essential variables
1. essential variables and supplementary essential variables when notch toughness is required
2. nonessential variables
1. 1958
2. 1992
3. 1987
4. 1962
5. New Welding Procedure Specifications must meet the ____________ Edition and addenda of
Section IX.
1. 1962
3. Inspector
6. Each ______________ shall conduct the tests required by Section IX to quality the WPS’s used
during the construction, alteration, or repair.
2. Manufacturer or contractor
3. Inspector
7. The records of procedure, welder and welding operator qualification must be available to the
________________.
1. Manufacturer or Contractor
2. Welder
3. Authorized Inspector
4. Foreman
8. A welder qualifying with a groove weld in plate in the 4G position is qualified to weld groove
welds in plate and pipe over 24” O.D. in the ______________ positions.
1. Overhead
9. A welder qualifying with the plate fillet welds in the 3F and 4F positions is qualified to weld
groove welds in plate in the ________________ positions.
1. Flat only
10. A welder qualifying by making a groove weld on pipe with an O.D. of 3/4" in the 5G position is
qualified to weld groove welds in:
1. Stud welds
2. Overhead welds
3. Fillet welds
1. Tensile strength
2. Ductility
3. Notch toughness
4. All of above
13. A welder making a groove weld using the SAW process on P1 materials may be qualified using
radiography.
1. True
2. False
14. When a tensile specimen breaks in the metal outside of the weld or fusion line, the
strength recorded may be _______________ below the specified tensile and be accepted.
1. 3.5%
2. .5%
3. 5%
15. Guided-bend specimens shall have no open defects in the weld or heat effected zone exceeding
____________ measured in any direction on the convex surface of the specimen after bending.
1. 1/16”
2. 3/32”
3. 1/8”
16. When using radiographs to qualify welders, the acceptance standards used are found in:
1. ASME Section V
2. ASME Section IX
3. ASME Section VIII
1. Essential variables
2. Nonessential variables
1. Nonessential variables
2. Essential variables
1. Inspector
2. Manufacturer or contractor
3. Welder
20. For the SMAW process ___________________ is an essential variable for the WPS.
1. Groove design
4. Method of cleaning
21. For the SAW process ________________ is an essential variable for the WPS.
3. Preheat maintenance
22. The basic purpose of testing a welder is to establish the welder’s ______________.
1. PQR
2. WQR
3. WPS
4. WPQ
24. if a welder qualified with the manual SMAW process on Jan. 1, 1997 and last welded with
manual SMAW on March 15, 1997, would he still be qualified on October 7, 1997?
1. Yes
2. No
25. A welder qualifying with the SMAW process with a double welded groove weld is qualified to
weld.
1. Without backing
27. Welder performance qualification records must describe all the _____________ variables
specified.
2. Nonessential
3. Essential
4. Brazing
28. A welder depositing 1/2” of weld metal in three layers in a groove weld with the SMAW process
is qualified to deposit up to __________________ of weld metal.
1. 8”
2. 1”
3. Max to be welded
4. 1/2"
1. Electrodes
2. Flux
3. Base metals
4. Joints
2. P-8 – P8
1. AWS class
2. ASME specification
3. SFA
4. “F” number
1. “P” number
2. Welder I.D.
3. “A” number
4. page number
33. For welder qualification with the SMAW process _________________ is an essential variable.
2. Peening
3. P-number
4. Electrode diameter
1. P number
2. Unique identifier
4. Inspector
35. A welder qualification coupon welded in the 2G position of 5/16” thick plate material must have
how many root and face bends?
1. 2 – 1 each
2. 4 – 2 each
4. 8 – 4 each
1. horizontal
2. vertical
3. flat
4. overhead
38. Which of the following is an essential variable for qualification of an SMAW welding procedure?
1. “F” number
2. joint design
4. pipe diameter
2. GMAW (pulsed-arc)
3. GMAW (spray-arch)
4. SMAW
7. Hardness is related to
a. Toughness
b. Resistance to fatigue
c. Impact resistance
d. Resistance to abrasive wear/Indentation
9. For GMAW process, the burn of rate of the wire is directly related to
a. Stick out length
b. Travel speed
c. Arc voltage
d. Wire feed speed
10. Welder is qualified for weld overlay on 16mm thick plate using
SMAW process, he is qualified for base metal thickness
a. more than 25mm to unlimited
b. more than 16mm to unlimited
c. up to 16mm
d. None of the above.
10. pipe welding SMAW electrodes under AWS A 5.1:6010 class before
welding to be re-dried at
a. 150deg C for 2 hrs
b. Generally not to be re-dried
c. 110deg C for 30 mins
d. 130deg C for 60mins
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Radiography Testing
1. What is "sensitivity"?
2. What is "Contrast"?
Ans: Contrast is the comparison between film densities for different areas.
3. What is "Definition"?
4. What is "Penubra"?
Ans: The fuzzy edges of the image are called Penubra. This is related to
geometrical unsharpness.
5. What is the relation between radiography film grain size and exposure time?
Ans: Large grain size needs less exposure time compared to small grain size films.
Ans: The thickness of a material at which the intensity of radiation becomes one
half that of radiation falling at its surface is called half value layer.
Ans: Atomic number is the number of protons in an atom whereas mass number is
number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
1. What is IQI?
Ans: IQI stands for image quality indicator. Penetrameter is the another word used
for IQI.
Ans: ASTM standard penetrameter is placed on the left side of the radiography film
as the smallest thickness wire is on the left side of the penetrameter.
DIN type penetrameter is placed on the right side of the radiography film as the
thinnest wire is on the right most side of penetrameter.
Ans: Hole type and wire type are the two types of penetrameter.
Dye Penetrant Test (DPT) also known as Penetrant Testing (PT), Dye
Penertant Examination (DPE) and Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT). This is
a simplest of the several Non Destructive Testing (NDT) methods
available.
DPT cannot be used on materials that absorbs the dye. Due to that
reason DPT cannot be applied on paper and cloth.
The condition of the surface plays a critical role in the success or failure
of the DPT. The most common surface condition that affects DPT is the
presence of contaminants such as oils, grease, dirt, rust, scale, carbon
deposits or others. These materials prevent the dye from entering to the
discontinuity. Suitable cleaning methods to be adopted to remove
these surface contaminants.
DPT should not be done after the operations that deform the surface.
Operations that deform the surface, such as grinding, cutting, shot
peening, sand blasting and vapor honing can cover discontinuities
by smearing a thin layer of metal over the opening, reducing its size or
sealing it completely. Because DPT cannot detect any discontinuity that
are not open to the surface.
DPT can detect flaws that are open to surface. So those flaws which
are open will be detected by the application of DPT. Some of the flaws
that are detected by DPT are,
From Documents:
From Experience:
SA-333 Grade 6 : Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service and
Other Applications with Required Notch Toughness
Please see the below table for the chemical composition of LTCS and CS for their pipe
form. There is no remarkable difference from which PMI methods can
differentiate both. So we cannot differentiate LTCS and CS materials with out
marking/identification.
Click the below link to see one of the methods of handling the
mix-up based on ASME B 31.3
https://www.whatispiping.com/cs-in-place-of-ltcs
The above link will guide you to a website which is not owned by this blogger. Use
the link and it's contents at your risk and cost.
HYDROTEST
PART 1
Those who are in piping construction will be familiar with the activity called
hydrotest. Hydrotest engineers/Supervisors, hydrotest coordinators are some of
the posts available for engineers/supervisors in hydrotest activity.
What is hydrotest?
Fill the pipe with water, pressure it and inspect for pressure change and release
water. Hydrotest is over. Hydrotest uses water as the test medium.
Is it that simple?
Those who are in hydro testing activity will say a big 'NO'. There are many pre-
activities, preparation activities, and post activities for a hydrotest. Moreover, it is
also governed by many code rules and good engineering practices.
This is the exact technical terminology for hydrotest activity. This is Pressure change
leak test when we refer ASME BPVC Sec V. The hydrotest is coming under the
category of pressure test. The other one under the heading of pressure test is
'pneumatic test' where the air is used as the test medium.
The first activity for doing the hydrotest, is the identification of the pipe system, of
which the hydrotest to be done.
All the pipe systems will be parted to small piping lengths called piping loops. For
each piping loop, a document (file) is generated (Piping loop file is a topic that
needs more detailing and is not discussed here). Each piping loop is checked for
mechanical completion and then for NDE completion by respective engineers. After
clearance from those two activities, the document is handed over to hydrotest
department.
In the identified piping loop, the high point location and low point location will be
noted. The basic logic is water will be filled from the low point and vented from the
high point.
Safety precautions and access for all flange joints and valves are to be made as part
of pre-activity to hydrotest.
Please note that the size of fillet weld in a socket weld joint
can be achieved by multi-run welding. Though the normal
tendency of a welder is to complete the fillet size with one
run, it is not to be allowed because of the below two
reasons.
1. For a protective oxide layer to form, the ratio of the volume of oxide formed
to that of metal consumed should be
Answer: >1
2. The key properties required for good oxidation resistance of an oxide film are
3. What is passivation?
Answer: Passivation refers to the formation of a thin, high resistance oxide layer
which reduces the corrosion current by two or three orders of magnitude.
4. What are the common methods that are adopted in piping to avoid corrosion?
5. For the grid blasting (For the surface preparation for painting)of stainless steel
material which grid material is most preferred?
Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) is one of the most used topics in mechanical
construction industry. PWHT is done as material requirement or as a process
requirement. PWHT is also known as stress relieving, though stress relieving is a
boarder term as compared to PWHT. Pre heat and post heat is also associated with
PWHT.
This series is to list out the questions that are commonly asked in interviews.
The materials that require PWHT from the material point of view and based on the
common usage in refinery are, SA 335 Gr.P11, SA 335 Gr.P22, SA 335 Gr.P5, SA 335
Gr.P9 and SA 335 Gr. P91 pipe form and their related flanges and fittings.
The materials that require PWHT from the process point of view (which is decided
by the process designer) and based on the common usage in refinery are, SA 106
Gr.B pipe form and it's related flanges and fittings.
The output of a PWHT process, is the graph which is generated during the execution
of PWHT.
Answer: Temperature
Answer: Time
The graph is generated with the help of a recorder. There are 6 point recorders and
12 point recorders.
Answer : 6 Thermocouples.
Answer : 12 Thermocouples.
What is the normal speed of the movement of the graph in a recorder?
Answer : 25mm/hour.
Answer : Potentiometer
What are the colours that are normally used in a 6 point recorder?
Answer: Red, Blue, Black, Brown, Green, Violet
Can a recorder calibrated for 'E' type thermocouple be used for measuring the
temperature detected by 'K' type thermocouple?
Answer: No
How the thermocouples are connected to the surface where the temperature is to
be measured?
Answer: Capacitor Discharge Method