Module 3 (H.R Alignment 2) Different Methods in Laying A Simple Curve
Module 3 (H.R Alignment 2) Different Methods in Laying A Simple Curve
Module 3 (H.R Alignment 2) Different Methods in Laying A Simple Curve
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MODULE 3
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the session, learners of this program are expected to:
a. Lay out a simple curve by deflection angle of a point method.
b. Lay out a simple curve by offset from the tangent of a point method.
c. Lay out a simple curve by offset from the long chord to a point method.
d. Lay out a simple curve by deflection distance of a point method.
Deflection angle of a point is the angle formed by the chord drawn from a point of tangency to
the point. The deflection angle is measured from the tangent at the PC or the PT to any other
desired point on the curve.
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Deflection angle @ PC = θP / 2
Deflection angle @ PT = I – θP / 2
CSU Vision
Transforming lives by b. Simple Curve by Offset from the Tangent of a Point Method
Educating for the
BEST.
Occasionally, it is convenient to establish the various points on the curve by perpendicular
offsets from the tangents.
CSU Mission
CSU is committed to
transform the lives of
people and communities
through high quality
instruction and innovative
research, development,
production and extension.
CP = 2R (sin θP / 2 )
Yp = Cp (sin θP / 2 )
Xp = Cp (cos θP / 2)
Cz = 2R (sin I – θP / 2)
Yz = Cz (sin I - θP / 2 )
Xz = Cz (cos I -θP / 2)
Where :
θP = central angle subtending the arc from PC to point P
Yp = offset from back tangent
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Xp = distance along back tangent from PC
Cp = the chord drawn from PC to P
Yz = offset from forward tangent
Xz = distance along forward tangent to PT
Cz = chord drawn from PT to point P
CSU Vision
Transforming lives by
Educating for the
BEST. c. Simple Curve by Offset from the Long Chord to a Point
-The perpendicular distance of a point from the long chord.
CSU Mission In this method, long chord is divided into an even number of equal parts. Taking centre of long chord as
origin, for various values of x, the perpendicular offsets are calculated to the curve and the curve is set in the
CSU is committed to field by driving pegs at those offsets.
transform the lives of
people and communities
through high quality
instruction and innovative
research, development,
production and extension.
CP = 2R (sin θP / 2 )
Yp = Cp (sin θP )
Xp = Cp (cos θP)
θP = (I/2) – (θP / 2)
Where :
Yp = offset from the long chord
Xp = distance along the long chord from the PC
Cp = the chord drawn from PC to point P
1. Tangent Deflection of a point= the perpendicular distance of a point from the tangent
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CSU Vision
Transforming lives by
Educating for the
BEST.
CSU Mission
CSU is committed to
transform the lives of
people and communities
through high quality
instruction and innovative
research, development,
production and extension.
2. Chord Deflection of a point= the distance between the prolongation of the chord of the
succeeding point. The prolongation is equal to the chord of the succeeding point.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CSU Vision
Transforming lives by
Educating for the
BEST.
CSU Mission
CSU is committed to
transform the lives of
people and communities
through high quality
instruction and innovative
Y2 / 2 = C (sin θ1 /2)
research, development,
production and extension.
Y2 = 2C (sin θ1 /2)
Enrichment Activities.
1. It is necessary to lay out a simple curve by deflection angles. The curve is to connect two tangents with
an intersection angle of 320 and a radius of 240.00 meters. Compute the deflection angles to each full
stations on the curve if the transit is set up at PC which is at Station (5 + 767.20m). Find the station of
PT. Illustrate the figure and tabulate the results.
Solutions.
i.) Solve for the Degree of Curve ( D )
1145.916
R=
D
1145.916
240=
D
D = 40 46’
ii.) Solve for the first sub chord (c1):
Note: the first full station is at 5 + 780 since the stationing of PC is at 5 + 767.20.
c1 = (5 + 780) – (5 + 767.20)
c1 = 12.80 m
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
c1
d1
= 20
4 ˚ 46 ˈ
CSU Vision
12.80
= 20
Transforming lives by
Educating for the
BEST. d1 4 ˚ 46 ˈ
CSU Mission
20(32˚ )
LC=
4 ˚ 46 ˈ
LC = 134.27 m.
v.) Solve for Sta PT.
vi.) Solve for sub chord (c2) and sub degree angle (d2)
c2 = Sta PT – (5 + 900)
c2 = (5 + 901.47) – (5 + 900)
c2 = 1.47
c2 20
d2
= 4 ˚ 46 ˈ
1.47 20
d2
= 4 ˚ 46 ˈ
d2 = 0 ˚ 21ˈ
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CSU Vision
Transforming lives by
Educating for the
BEST.
CSU Mission
CSU is committed to
transform the lives of
people and communities
through high quality
instruction and innovative
research, development,
production and extension.
Tabulated Data
References: