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APTITUDE TEST ANSWER KEY

Question 1:
If x and y are positive numbers such that x + y = 1, which of the following could be the value of
100x + 200y?
I. 80
II. 140
III. 99
IV. 299
V. 129

A. II only
B. II and V
C. I and II
D. II and IV and V
E. Data is not sufficient to decide
Answer: B
Explanation:
Given that x + y = 1
or x= 1-y

We need to find possible values of 100x + 200y

plugging in x from above,
100(1-y) + 200y or 100 + 100 y
Now check for each value
I. 100+100y=80
Not possible because y would become negative in this case
II. 100+100y=140
y=40/100 = 2/5 so x =3/5
Possible
III. 100+100y=99
Not possible because y would become negative in this case
IV. 100+100y = 299
y= 199/100 so x= -99/100
Not possible because x would become negative in this case
V. 100+100y = 129
y=29/100 so x=71/100
Possible

So the answer is B) II and V

Question 2:
The profit P, in dollars, for any given month at a certain company is defined by P= I − C, where I
represents total income, in dollars, and C represents total costs, in dollars, for the month. For
each of the first 4 months of the year, C = I + 32,000; and for each of the next 3 months, I = C +
36,000. If I = C + 9,000 for each of the 5 remaining months of the year, what was the company's
total profit for the 12-month year?
A. $25,000
B. $30,000
C. $80,000
D. $100,000
E. $70,000
Answer: A
Explanation:
Profit for each of first 4 Months = I-C= I-I-32,000 = -32,000 or 32,000 (loss)

Profit for each of next 3 months = I-C = C+36,000 - C = 36,000

Profit for each of last 5 months = I-C = C+9,000-C = 9,000

Net profit for 12 months = [-4*32,000]+[3*36,000]+ [5*9,000] = $25,000

Question 3:
Each machine at a toy factory assembles a certain kind of toy at a constant rate of one toy
every 3 minutes. If 70 percent of the machines at the factory are to be replaced by new
machines that assemble this kind of toy at a constant rate of one toy every 2 minutes, what will
be the percent increase in the number of toys assembled in one hour by all the machines at the
factory, working at their constant rates?

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A. 20 %
B. 25 %
C. 30 %
D. 35 %
E. 40 %
Answer: D
Explanation:
Say the rate is 100 toys by 100 old machines in 1 unit of time (1 toy per 1 machine in 1 unit of
time). 30 machines are the old ones, so in 1unit of time, they produce 30 toys.

70 of the machines are replaced with new ones which are 1.5 times as efficient as the old ones,
so they will produce 105 toys in 1 unit of time. Total toys produced by 100 machines = 70*1,5 +
30 = 105 + 30 = 135.

Percent increase = 35%.

Question 4:

Of those in the UK that buy goods/services online they spend on average £1.50 per month.
Approximately, what is the total quarterly spend from this group of people?
A. £125 million

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 B. £10 million
C. £30.9 million
D. £124 million
E. £12.3 million
Answer: C
Explanation:
Step 1 – Calculate the number of people in the UK searching who bought goods/services online.
People searching = 31.225.000
% of searchers Buying goods/services = 22
=> 31.225.000 x 22% = 6.869.500
Step 2 – Calculate the quarterly spend
£1.50 x 6.869.500 x 3 = £30.912.750 = £30.9 million
Thus the correct answer is (D) £30.9 million

Question 5:

If Japan’s exports value increased by 1/5th between 2008 and 2009 then what was Japan’s
imports value in 2009?
A. $29.400 million
B. $29.404 million
C. $29.440 million
D. $29.140 million
E. Cannot Say
Answer: C
Explanation:

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Step 1- Use the graph to obtain the 2008 exports value = 29.400
Step 2 – Add 1/5th to find the 2009 exports value
29.400 x 1.2 = 35.280
Step 3 - Use the table to obtain the 2009 trade balance = 5.840
Japan’s imports value in 2009 = 35.280 – 5.840 = $29.440 million
Thus the correct answer is (C) $29.440 million

Question 6:

Answer: A
Explanation:
Rule 1:The small centre shape becomes the large shape of the next box.
Rule 2:The large shape becomes the small corner shape of the next box.
Rule 3:The corner shape moves one place counter clockwise each time.

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Question 7:

Answer: C
Explanation:
First Rule: The downward sloping cross-hatching follows the sequence top left circle, bottom
right circle, bottom left circle, top right circle. This sequence then repeats.

Second Rule: The upward sloping cross-hatching follows the sequence top right circle,
bottom left circle, bottom right circle. This sequence then repeats.

Third Rule: The arrow points to where the small circle will be in the next figure.

Fourth Rule: The square is in the position occupied by the small circle in the previous
Figure.

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Question 8:

Answer: B
Explanation:
Rule 1: The crossed face of the cube moves one place clockwise each time.
Rule 2: the total numbers of dots on the left hand face of the cube increases by one each time.

Question 9:

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Answer: C
Explanation:
Rule 1: The symbol rotates 45 ̊ counterclockwise each time.
Rule 2: The thick branch of the symbol moves one place clockwise around the symbol each
time, regardless of the orientation of the symbol.
Rule 3: The missing branch alternates between the middle two branches, regardless of the
orientation of the symbol.

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Question 10:

Answer: A
Explanation:
Rule 1: The total number of vertical lines increases by one every two boxes.
Rule 2: The total number of horizontal lines increases by one each time.
Rule 3: The total number of shaded boxes increases by two each time.

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Paragraph 1:
Sometimes called network marketing, multi-level marketing (MLM) is a form of sales
whereby products are sold directly to customers using relationship referrals. In this
hierarchical sales model, sales people receive a commission not only on their own
sales, but also on the sales of those distributors they have recruited to the business.
Multi-level marketing operations claim to be an easy way to generate a large income
by selling products to family and friends. Does it sound too good to be true? It
probably is. MLMs are the subject of controversy and numerous lawsuits: critics view
them as pyramid schemes, which are illegal in most countries.
A business dependant on its sales force continually finding more and more new
recruits is inherently unsustainable. Even if the product is of a high quality, at some
point the market will become saturated. Although a few distributors high up in the
chain can earn large amounts, distributors further down in the hierarchy will rarely
profit – losing much of their commission to their superiors. Furthermore, distributors
are often required to invest heavily in stock and pay for expensive training courses
or motivational materials. While MLMs are not illegal and not all network marketing
organisations rely on the recruitment of distributors, any business designed to sell
an opportunity rather than a product is both economically
flawed and ethically questionable.

Question 11:
Senior superior distributors for an MLM are less likely to profit than new recruits to the business.
A. True
B. False
C. Cannot say
Answer: B
Explanation:
False – “Although a few distributors high up in the chain can earn large amounts, distributors
further down in the hierarchy will rarely profit – losing much of their commission to their
superiors.” Hence senior superior distributors are more likely to profit than new recruits.

Question 12:
An exponentially growing sales force is incompatible with a finite number of customers.
A. True
B. False
C. Cannot say
Answer: A
Explanation:
True – paraphrases the first two sentences of the second paragraph.

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Question 13:
MLMs are a legal but morally dubious form of pyramid scheme in all countries.
A. True
B. False
C. Cannot say
Answer: B
Explanation:
False - “MLMs are the subject of controversy and numerous lawsuits: critics view them as
pyramid schemes, which are illegal in most countries.”

Paragraph 2:
Founded in 1954, the Bilderberg Group holds an annual conference of 120 of the world’s most
powerful and influential people. Participants from 18 different countries, invited by a steering
committee comprised of two people, typically include financiers, industrialists, politicians, royalty
and newspaper editors. Past delegates have included Tony Blair and Bill Clinton, shortly before
becoming heads of state. Reporters, however, are not invited: the Bilderberg Group’s meetings
are conducted in privacy, with strict confidentiality rules to foster open discussion. The Group
was established to promote understanding and cooperation between the United States and
Europe and to create an informal network for the global elite. No votes are taken at the
conference and no policies are agreed. However, the secrecy surrounding the conferences has
given rise to numerous conspiracy theories. Right-wing critics believe that the Bilderberg Group
is a shadowy global government, with some conspiracy theorists holding the Group responsible
for organising events including the overthrow of Margaret Thatcher, the Bosnian War and the
invasion of Iraq. Left-wing activists, who call for greater transparency, accuse the Group of being
an unelected capitalist cabal controlling world finance. While opponents view the Group as
undemocratic, supporters argue that modern democracies depend on cooperation between
banking and politics, and that organisations such as the Bilderberg Group help ensure their
success.

Question 14:
The Bilderberg Group has critics on both sides of the ideological spectrum.
A. True
B. False
C. Cannot say
Answer: A
Explanation:
True – summarises the 8th and 9th sentences. Right-wing critics being one side and left-wing
activists being the other.

Question 15:
The Bilderberg Group was created as a private forum to set Europe and America’s political and
financial agenda.

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 A. True
B. False
C. Cannot say
Answer: B
Explanation:
False – while many conspiracy theories promote this idea, the fifth and sixth sentences state
that the Group was established to promote understanding and does not set policy.

Question 16:
A major network news organization experienced a drop in viewership in the week following the
airing of a controversial report on the economy. The network also received a very large number
of complaints regarding the report. The network, however, maintains that negative reactions to
the report had nothing to do with its loss of viewers.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the network's position?

A. The other major network news organizations reported similar reductions in viewership
during the same week.
B. The viewers who registered complaints with the network were regular viewers of the
news organization's programs.
C. Major network news organizations publicly attribute drops in viewership to their own
reports only when they receive complaints about those reports.
D. This was not the first time that this network news organization has aired a controversial
report on the economy that has inspired viewers to complain to the network.
E. Most network news viewers rely on network news broadcasts as their primary source of
information regarding the economy.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Step 1: Identify the Question

The words if true and supports indicate that this is a Strengthen the Argument question.

Step 2: Deconstruct the Argument

A network news organization aired a controversial report (about which there were a lot of
complaints) and then experienced a drop in viewership the following week. The network doesn’t
think these two events are linked, however.

Step 3: Pause and State the Goal

The argument offers no evidence to support the claim that the controversial report was not
responsible for the drop in viewership. The question asks you to find some information that does

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support this claim. Perhaps some other event occurred that would have resulted in a drop in
viewership?

Step 4: Work from Wrong to Right

(A) CORRECT. This choice does not specify what occurred to cause a drop in viewership across
other major news networks, but the fact that such a drop did occur indicates a cause that
affected all of these news channels, not just the one that aired the controversial report. In other
words, the network may be justified in claiming that its controversial report was not what caused
the drop in viewership.

(B) If the viewers who complained were regular viewers, then it seems more likely that they may
have chosen not to watch the following week because of the controversial report. If anything,
this choice weakens the network’s argument.

(C) This network did receive complaints about the controversial report. As such, this choice
doesn’t support the position that the complaints are unrelated to the drop in viewership.

(D) This choice merely states that previous complaints were received. It does not indicate
whether the prior complaints did or did not result in a drop in viewership.

(E) This choice does not address why this network experienced a drop in viewership after airing
a particular, controversial report.

Question 17:
The city of Workney, in raising bus fares from $1.00 to $1.25, proposed that 18 fare tokens be
sold for $20.00 to alleviate the extra burden of the fare increase on the city’s poor people. Critics
suggested alternatively that 9 fare tokens be sold for $10.00, because a $20.00 outlay would be
prohibitive for poor riders.

The alternative proposal depends on which of the following assumptions?

A. Poor residents of Workney will continue to ride the buses in the same numbers despite
the fare increase.
B. Riders who are poor would be more likely to take advantage of the savings afforded by
the 9-token offer than would riders who are not poor.
C. The outlay of $10.00 for the purchase of 9 fare tokens would not be prohibitive for bus
riders who are poor.
D. The proposed fare increase is needed for the purchase of new buses for the city’s bus
system.
E. Fewer riders would regularly purchase 18 fare tokens at once than would purchase only
9 fare tokens at once

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Answer: C
Explanation:
The conclusion is that since poor riders will not be able to pay 20$ in one go to buy 18
tokens,why not make it to 9 tokens for 10$.

Pre-thinking is very important.We need to see whether the poor riders will be able to pay
10$.Look for answers

A. Poor residents of Workney will continue to ride the buses in the same numbers despite the
fare increase.

Even if the number goes down,there are still some poor riders who will take the bus. So this will
have no impact.

B. Riders who are poor would be more likely to take advantage of the savings afforded by the
9-token offer than would riders who are not poor.

We are not comapring Poor vs non poor. No mention of non poor in the argument. Irrelevant.

C. The outlay of $10.00 for the purchase of 9 fare tokens would not be prohibitive for bus riders
who are poor.

Negate this and the conclusion falls apart. If the poor riders cannot afford to pay 10$,the
conclusion doesn't stands.
D. The proposed fare increase is needed for the purchase of new buses for the city’s bus
system.

Why the increase is made is not relevant here. Irrelevant.

E. Fewer riders would regularly purchase 18 fare tokens at once than would purchase only 9
fare tokens at once

This will weaken the conclusion in some sense.

=> The answer is C

Question 18:
Proposed new safety rules for the Beach City airport would lengthen considerably the minimum
time between takeoffs from the airport. In consequence, the airport would be able to
accommodate 10 percent fewer flights than currently use the airport daily. The city’s operating
budget depends heavily on taxes generated by tourist spending, and most of the tourists come
by plane. Therefore, the proposed new safety rules, if adopted, will reduce the revenue
available for the operating budget.

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The argument depends on assuming which of the following?

A. There are no periods of the day during which the interval between flights taking off from
the airport is significantly greater than the currently allowed.

B. Few, if any, of the tourists who use the Beach City airport do so when their main
destination is a neighboring community and not Beach City itself.

C. If the proposed safety rules are adopted, the reduction in tourist numbers will not result
mainly from a reduction in the number of tourists who spend relatively little in Beach City.

D. Increasing the minimum time between takeoffs is the only way to achieve necessary
safety improvements without a large expenditure by the city government on airport
enhancements.

E. The response to the adoption of the new safety rules would not include an increase in
the number of passengers per flight.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Step 1: Identify the Question

The phrase argument depends on assuming in the question stem indicates that this is a Find
the Assumption question.

Step 2: Deconstruct the Argument

new rules = ↑ time between takeoffs = ↓ flights

↓ flights = ↓ tourists = ↓ operating budget

The argument depends on a series of connections: if one thing decreases, then another will also
decrease. Note that if any one of these connections were invalid—for instance, if the decrease
in flights didn’t actually decrease the number of tourists—the argument would no longer be
valid.

Step 3: Pause and State the Goal

On Assumption questions, the goal is to pick a statement on which the argument’s logic
depends. The right answer will be something the author must believe to be true in order for the
argument to be reasonable.

Step 4: Work from Wrong to Right

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(A) This answer choice appears to support the connection between increased time between
takeoffs and a decreased number of flights. If there were currently ‘quiet periods’ at the airport,
couldn’t extra flights be squeezed in, to avoid reducing the total number of flights while still
obeying the rules? However, the argument already specifies that the new rules will result in at
least a 10% decrease in the number of flights. This is a statement of fact, so no further
assumptions need to be made in order to support it.

(B) Even if Beach City tourists represented a very small fraction of those arriving in the city by
airplane, a decrease in the number of flights would still decrease their numbers proportionally,
resulting in a lower operating budget.

(C) If the reduction will not consist mostly of low spenders, then it will consist mostly of high
spenders. A reduction in the number of tourists who spend a lot would have a large effect on the
operating budget. Therefore, this answer choice strengthens the argument. However, although
this is a strengthener, it isn’t an assumption, because it doesn’t have to be true in order for the
logic of the argument to hold. Imagine a scenario in which 10% of the tourists spent $1 in Beach
City, while the remaining 90% spent $1000 each. Even if the 10% who spent $1 were those who
stopped visiting due to a lack of flights, that still represents an overall decrease in revenue.
Although this answer choice would strengthen the argument, it isn’t necessary to the argument,
since it could be false and the argument could still hold.

(D) It doesn’t matter whether there are other ways to achieve safety improvements. The
conclusion addresses only the effects of this particular improvement, not why it was selected or
whether it was superior to the alternatives.

(E) CORRECT. This must be true in order for the argument to be logically sound. If it weren’t
true, then the number of passengers per flight would increase and it would no longer be
possible to conclude that the overall number of tourists coming to Beach City would decrease.
In this case, the operating budget might not decrease after all.

Question 19:
The Maxilux car company's design for its new luxury model, the Max 100, included a special
design for the tires that was intended to complement the model's image. The winning bid for
supplying these tires was submitted by Rubco. Analysts concluded that the bid would only just
cover Rubco's costs on the tires, but Rubco executives claim that winning the bid will actually
make a profit for the company.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly justifies the claim made by Rubco's executives?

A. In any Maxilux model, the spare tire is exactly the same make and model as the tires
that are mounted on the wheels.

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 B. Rubco holds exclusive contracts to supply Maxilux with the tires for a number of other
models made by Maxilux.

C. The production facilities for the Max 100 and those for the tires to be supplied by Rubco
are located very near each other.

D. When people who have purchased a carefully designed luxury automobile need to
replace a worn part of it, they almost invariably replace it with a part of exactly the same
make and type.

E. When Maxilux awarded the tire contract to Rubco, the only criterion on which Rubco's
bid was clearly ahead of its competitors' bids was price.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Step 1: Identify the Question

The wording justifies the claim in the question stem indicates that this is either a Strengthen
question or an Explain the Discrepancy question. You’ll need to read the argument itself to
determine which it is.

Step 2: Deconstruct the Argument

M’s new car has special tire design

R submitted bid for tires

Bid just covers cost, BUT: R will still profit?

The evidence in the argument doesn’t actually support the executives’ claim. Instead, their claim
is surprising—it runs counter to the evidence, which suggests that Rubco will not make a profit.
Since the argument includes a surprising claim, and the question asks you to justify that claim,
this is an Explain the Discrepancy question.

Step 3: Pause and State the Goal

On Explain the Discrepancy questions, the argument will describe a surprising phenomenon,
and the right answer will give a reason why that phenomenon occurred. In this case, the right
answer will present a way in which Rubco might actually make a profit on the tire bid.

Step 4: Work from Wrong to Right

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(A) This answer choice states that the spare tire on the Max 100 will also be a Rubco tire.
However, the argument doesn’t make a connection between how many tires Rubco supplies,
and what its profit is. It isn’t clear whether supplying more tires will increase Rubco’s likelihood
of making a profit.

(B) The executives claim that winning the specific Max 100 bid will lead to a profit for Rubco.
They don’t claim that Rubco will make a profit in general, or on its other contracts. So, this
answer choice does not address the executives’ specific claim. Also, holding exclusive contracts
doesn’t necessarily imply that Rubco will make a profit, since the answer choice doesn’t state
whether these contracts are profitable.

(C) This answer choice seems to imply that the cost for Rubco to transport the tires will be
relatively low. The argument already provides information about Rubco’s total costs: the bid only
just covers them. Since you already know the relationship between Rubco’s costs and their bid
amount, knowing that the transportation costs were low would only tell you that the bid may
have also been low. This information doesn’t explain how the bid will be profitable.

(D) CORRECT. In the argument, the Max 100 is described as a luxury automobile. According to
this answer choice, if consumers want to replace worn tires on a Max 100, they will almost
invariably replace them with Rubco tires. By winning the bid, Rubco isn’t just winning the right to
supply tires for the Max 100; it’s also winning the future business of Max 100 buyers. This
explains why the executives believe that Rubco will make a profit.

(E) This may explain why the bid only just covers Rubco’s costs: offering the lowest cost was
what enabled Rubco to win the bid. However, that isn’t what the question asks you to justify. It
specifically asks for a justification of the claim made by Rubco’s executives.

Question 20:
Vargonia has just introduced a legal requirement that student-teacher ratios in
government-funded schools not exceed a certain limit. All Vargonian children are entitled to
education, free of charge, in these schools. When a recession occurs and average incomes fall,
the number of children enrolled in government-funded schools tends to increase. Therefore,
though most employment opportunities contract in economic recessions, getting a teaching job
in Vargonia's government-funded schools will not be made more difficult by a recession.

Which of the following would be most important to determine in order to evaluate the argument?

(A) Whether in Vargonia there are any schools not funded by the government that offer children
an education free of charge

(B) Whether the number of qualified applicants for teaching positions in government-funded
schools increases significantly during economic recessions

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(C) What the current student-teacher ratio in Vargonia's government-funded schools is

(D) What proportion of Vargonia's workers currently hold jobs as teachers in government-funded
schools

(E) Whether in the past a number of government funded schools in Vargonia have had student
teacher ratios well in excess of the new limit

Answer: B
Explanation:
Situation
During a recession, the number of children in government-funded schools in Vargonia tends to
increase. Vargonian children are entitled to a free education in these schools. A new law
requires student-teacher ratios in these schools to remain below a certain limit.

Reasoning
Which of the five questions would provide us with the best information for evaluating the
argument? The argument's conclusion is that recessions do not make teaching jobs in
Vargonia's government-funded schools harder to get. During recessions, the reasoning goes,
more students will enroll in Vargonia's government-funded schools than in nonrecession times.
Implicit in the argument is the thought that, because the new law sets an upper limit on the
average number of students per teacher, schools that get an influx of new students would have
to hire more teachers. During a recession, however, there might be much more competition in
the labor market for teachers because many more qualified people are applying for teaching
jobs.

(A) This information is not significant in the context of the argument, which does not need to
assume that only government-funded schools provide free education.

(B) Correct. Getting an answer to this question would provide us with specific information useful
in evaluating the argument.

A “yes” answer to this question would suggest that competition for teaching jobs in Vargonian
government-funded schools would be keener during recessions.

A “no” answer would suggest that the level of competition would decrease during recessions.

(C) Discovering the current student-teacher ratio in Vargonia's schools would be of no value, by
itself, in evaluating the argument. We do not know what the new upper limit on the
student-teacher ratio is, and we do not know whether Vargonia is currently in a recession.

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(D) Finding out whether the proportion this refers to is 1 percent, for example, or 4 percent,
would tell us nothing about whether getting teaching jobs at government-funded schools in
Vargonia becomes more difficult during a recession. Among other things, we do not know
whether Vargonia is currently in a recession, and we do not know what proportion of Vargonia's
workers would be qualified candidates for teaching jobs.

(E) This is of no relevance in evaluating the argument because, presumably, the new limit on
student-teacher ratios will be complied with. Thus, even if student-teacher ratios in the past
would have exceeded the new limit, the argument concerns whether, in the future, getting a
teaching job in Vargonia's government-funded schools will be made more difficult by a
recession.

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