Xi - Maths - Chapter 11 - System of Circles (50-59)
Xi - Maths - Chapter 11 - System of Circles (50-59)
Xi - Maths - Chapter 11 - System of Circles (50-59)
SYSTEM OF CIRCLES
SYNOPSIS The radical axis of two circles is a straight line
perpendicular to the line joining the centres of the
Angle between two intersecting circles: two circles.
If d is distance between the centres, r1 , r2 are the The equation of the radical axis of the circles S =
radii of two intersecting circles then the angle 0 and S1=0 is S - S1 = 0
If two circles intersect each other then their
d 2 r12 r22 1
between the circles is cos . common chord is radical axis of the two circles.
2r1r2 If two circles touch each other then their radical
2
1
2
2
2
If d r r then the angle between the two axis is the common tangent at the point of contact.
circles is 900 . In this case the length of their The locus of the centre of a circle which cuts the
given two circles orthogonally is the radical axis of
2r1r2 the given two circles.
common chord is .
r12 r22 If one circle lies entirely in the other then the
If is the angle between two circles with radii r1 radical axis lies outside of both the circles.
If one circle lies between outside the other then
and r2 then length of the common chord is
radical axis lies in between both the circles.
2r1r2 sin
2 2
The number of radical axes of n circles is nC2
r r 2r1r2 cos
1 2
when no three of their centres are collinear.
If is angle between the circles There is no radical axis for concentric circles.
2 2
x y 2 gx 2 fy c 0 and Radical Centre :
x 2 y 2 2 g1 x 2 f1 y c1 0 then The point of intersection of the radical axes of
three circles taken in pairs whose centres are not
cos
c c1 2 gg1 ff1 collinear is called the radical centre of the three
.
2 g2 f 2 c g12 f12 c1 circles.
If the circles cut each other orthogonally then The lengths of the tangents from the radical centre
2 gg1 2 ff1 c c1 . of 3 circles to the 3 circles are equal.
If P is the radical centre of three circles and PA is
Two circles with centres c1 , c2 and radius " r " cut
the length of the tangent from P to one of the three
c1c2 circles then the circle whose centre is P and radius
each other orthogonally. Then r . is PA cuts the three circles orthogonally.
2
Two circles of radii r1 , r2 cut orthogonally then The radical centre of the three circles described
area included between the circles is on the sides of a triangle as diameters is the
orthocentre of the triangle.
r12 tan 1 r2 / r1 r22 tan 1 r1 / r2 r1r2 .
If A, B, C are the centres of three circles which
If P and Q are conjugate points with respect to cut each other orthogonally then the radical centre
the circle S = 0 then the circle on PQ as diameter of the three circles is the orthocentre of the triangle
cuts the circle S = 0 orthogonally. ABC.
Radical Axis :
If A,B,C are the centres of three circles which
The locus of a point which moves such that its touch each other externally then the radical centre
powers with respect to two circles are equal, is a
of the 3 circles is the in-centre of the triangle ABC.
line called radical axis.
50 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV SYSTEM OF CIRCLES
16. Circles with radical centre as centre and 24. If the circles (x + a) 2 + (y + b) 2 = a 2 ,
radius equals to length of tangent from radical (x + )2 + (y + )2= 2 cut orthogonally then
centre to any of the three circles will
1) Bisects the circumference of all the three circles 2 b2 =
2) Bisects the circumference of at least one of the 1) a b 2) a 2 2
circle
3) -2( a b) 4) 2(a + b )
3) Orthogonal to all the three circles
4) Orthogonal to at least one of the circle 25. Radical axis exists for
17. The radical centre of the circles (x - 1)2+(y-2)2 = 1) any two circles
341, (x - 4)2 + (y - 1)2 = 341, (x - 5)2+(y - 4)2 = 341 2) any two concentric circles
is 3) any two non-concentric circles
4) Can’t say
10 7 COMMON CHORD OF THE CIRCLES
1) (3, 3) 2) (4,1) 3) (6, 6)4) ,
3 3 26. Two circles whose radii are r and R and whose
18. The radius of one circle is twice the radius of distance between the centres is 'd' cut each
another circle whose centres are (2, 0),(1, 2) other orthogonally. Then the length of their
respectively cutting orthogonally. Then the common chord is
radius of the first circle is 2rR rR
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 5 1) 2)
19. The circle with centre (2, 3) and intersecting
rR r R2
2
2 2
and 2 x 2 2 y 2 2ax 2by c 0 intersect 3) g f c 4) 2 g 2 f 2 c
orthogonally, then 28. If 3, 4 are the radii and 5 is the distance
c1 between the centres of two intersecting circles
1) aa1 bb1 c c1 2) aa1 bb1 c then the length of the common chord of the
2
circles is
1 1 c1
1) 12/5 2) 24/25
3) aa bb c 4) 2 aa1 bb1 c c1
2 3) 24/5 4) 5/24
22. Two circles of equal radii ‘r’ cut orthogonally. 29. If the length of the common chord of two
If their centres are (-2,-3) and (-5, -6), then r =
circles x 2 y 2 8 x 1 0 and
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
23. The equation of the circle passing through (0, x 2 y 2 2 y 1 0 is 2 6 then =
0) and cutting the circles x2 + y2 + 6x - 15 = 0, 1) 2 2) 4
x2 + y2 - 8y + 10= 0 orthogonally is
3) 8 4) 3
125
1) (x + 5/2)2 + (y - 5/4)2 = 30. The distance of the point (1, 2) from the common
16 chord of the circles x2 + y2 +6x-16=0 and x2 + y2 -
2) x2 + y2 - 5x - 5y = 0 2x - 6y - 6 = 0 is
3) 2(x2 + y2) - 10x - 5y = 0 1) 1 2) 1/5
4) x2 + y2 - 5x + 5y = 0 3) 5 4) 2
52 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV SYSTEM OF CIRCLES
31. If the circle x2+y2+2gx+2fy+c=0 bisects the 16. Def. of orthogonal circle
circumference of the circle x2+y2+2g1x+2f1y+c1=0 17. Intersection of R.A. of any two pairs of circle
then
18. c1c2 d , and radii are 2r,r and use d 2 r12 r22
1) 2 g1 g g1 2 f1 f f1 c c1
19. 2 gg1 2 ff 1 c c1
2) 2 g1 g g1 2 f1 f f1 c c1 0 20. 2 gg1 2 ff 1 c c1
3) g1 g g1 f1 f f1 c c1 21. 2gg1 2 ff 1 C C1
2r1r2 circle is
5. Slope of R.A
3
1) 2) 3) 4)
6. Definition of R.A 6 3 2 4
7. slope of R.A 2. The angle between the tangents from a point
8. Find distance from (0,0) to R.A on x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y - 31 = 0 to the circle
9. Slope of S S 0 x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y - 4 = 0 is
10. S S 0 1) / 6 2) / 2 3) / 4 4) / 3
11. Intersection of R.A of any two pairs of given circles 3. The angle between the circles
12. Def. of Radical centre x 2 y 2 12 x 6 y 41 0 ,
13. Draw the diagram for touching circles
14. Intersection of R.A. of any two pairs of circle x 2 y 2 kx 6 y 59 0 is then k
4
15. Intersection of R.A. of any two pairs of circle
1) 2 2) 1 3) 4 4) 3
NARAYANAGROUP 53
SYSTEM OF CIRCLES JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV
4. The angle between the circles 12. If S1 0, S2 0 and S3 0 are the three
x y 2lx g 0 , x 2 y 2 2my g 0 is
2 2
circles whose radical centre is the point P, then
3 the lengths l1 , l2 , l3 of the tangents from P to
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 4 2 3 the three circles are such that
RADICALAXIS OF TWO CIRCLES 1) l1 2 l2 3 l3 2) l1 l2 l3
5. The locus of the centre of the circles which 3) l1 l2 l3 4) l1 l2 l3
intersects the circles x 2 y 2 1 and 13. The radical axis of the circles x2+y2+4x- 6y=12
and x2 + y2 + 2x -2y - 1 = 0 divides the line
x 2 y 2 2 x y 0 orthogonally is
segement joining the centres of the circles in
1) a line whose equation is 2 x y 1 0 the ratio
2) a line whose equation is 2 x y 1 1) 27 : 17 2) 3 : 7 3) -27 : 17 4) -3 : 7
3) a circle 4) a pair of lines 14. If Q is the radical centre of the three circles
6. The equations of two circles are x2 + y2 = a2, (x - g)2 + y2 = a2 and x2+(y- f)2 = a2
then Qx + Qy =
x2 y2 2 x 5 0 and x2 y2 2 y 5 0 .
gf gf
P is any point on the line x y 0 . If PA and 1) g + f 2) 3) 2g + 2f 4)
2 2
PB are the lengths of the tangents from P to 15. Match the following :
the two circles and PA = 3 then PB = Cirlces Radical centre
1) 1.6 2) 6 3) 4 4) 3 I. x 2 y 2 1 , x 2 y 2 2 x 1 , a) (0, 0)
7. If the locus of the centre of the circle which
cuts the circles x 2 y 2 4 x 6 y 9 0 and x2 y 2 2 y 1
II. x 2 y 2 x 3 y 3 0 , b) (2,3)
x2 y 2 4x 6 y 4 0 orthogonally is
ax by c 0 , then the ascending order of a, x2 y 2 2x 2 y 2 0
b, c is x2 y 2 2x 3 y 9 0
1) a, b, c 2) b, c, a 3) c, a, b 4) a, c, b III. x 2 y 2 8 x 40 0 , c) (8, -15/2)
8. The distance of (1, -2) from the common chord
of x2+y2-5x+4y-2=0 and x2+y2-2x+8y+3 = 0 is x 2 y 2 5 x 16 0
1) 2 2) 1 3) 0 4) 3 x 2 y 2 8 x 16 y 160 0
9. The slope of the radical axis of the circles x2
1) a, b, c 2) b, c, a 3) c, a, b 4) a, c, b
+ y2 + 3x + 4y - 5 =0 and x2+y2-5x+ 5y-6 = 0 is
16. The point from which the lengths of tangents
1) 1 2) 3 3) 5 4) 8 to the three circles x2 + y2 - 4 = 0, x2 + y2 - 2x
10. The radical axis of circles x2 + y 2 + 3x + 4y - 5 + 3y = 0 and x2 + y2 + 7y - 18 = 0 are equal is
=0 and x2 + y2 - 5x +5y - 6 = 0 is 1) (2, 5) 2) (3, 4) 3) (4, 3) 4) (5, 2)
1) 8x +y + 1 = 0 2) 8x - y + 1 = 0 17. The equation of the circle which cuts the three
3) 8x - 8y + 1 = 0 4) -8x + y + 1 = 0 circles x2 + y2 = a2, (x - g)2 + y2 = a2 and x2 +
RADICALCENTRE AND ORTHOGONAL (y - f)2 = a2 orthogonally is
CIRCLES 1) x2 + y2 - 2gx - 2fy + a2 = 0
2) x2 + y2 - gx - fy + a2 = 0
11. Radical centre of the circles
3) x2 + y2 - fx - gy + a2 = 0
x2 y 2 4x 7 0 , 4) x2 + y2 + gx + fy - a2 = 0
2 x 2 2 y 2 3 x 5 y 9 0 , x 2 y 2 y 0 is 18. If the circles of equal radius and centres at
(2,3),(5, 6) cut orthogonally, then the radius of
7 11 7 11 one of the circles is
1) 2,1 2) , 3) 7,11 4) ,
3 3 2 2 1) 3 2) 3 2 3) 6 4) 4
54 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV SYSTEM OF CIRCLES
19. The circle cutting the circle 24. Match the following :
2 2
x y 6 x 4 y 12 0 orthogonally and I: If x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y 12 0 , a)1
having centre (-1, 2) is
x2 y 2 4x 6 y k 0
2 2
1) x y 2 x 4 y 2 0 cut orthogonally then k =
2) x 2 y 2 2 x 4 y 2 0 II : If x 2 y 2 2 x 3 y k 0 , b) -10
3) x 2 y 2 2 x 4 y 2 0 x2 y 2 8x 6 y 7 0
4) x 2 y 2 2 x 4 y 4 0 cut orthogonally then k=
20. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2x - 2y + 4 = 0 cuts the III: If x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 4 0 , c) -24
circle x2 + y2 + 4x + 2fy + 2 = 0 orthogonally,
x 2 y 2 4 x 2ky 2 0
then f =
1) 1 2) 2 3) -1 4) -2 cut orthogonally then k=
1) a, b, c 2) b, c, a 3) c, b, a 4) a, c, b
21. A: If x 2 y 2 2 x 3 y k 0 , 25 Radical centre of the circles
x 2 y 2 8 x 6 y 7 0 , cu t each other x 2 y 2 4 x 6 y 12 0,
orthogonally then k = 10
x 2 y 2 4 x 6 y 2 0,
R : The circles x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ,
2 2
x2 y 2 4 x 6 y 4 0
x y 2 g x 2 f y c 0 cut each other
orthogonally if 2 gg 2 ff c c . 1) 0, 0 2) 2,3 3) 2, 3 4) does not exist
1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct 26. Two circles of radii r and R intersect at an acute
explanation of A angle . The length of their common chord is
2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
2rR sin 2rR sin
explanation of A 1) 2)
3) A is true but R is false r 2 R 2 2rR cos r 2 R2
4) A is false but R is true 2rR sin 2rR sin
22. If the circles of same radius ‘a’ and centres 3) 4)
at(2, -3), (5, 6) cut orthogonally then a= R2 r 2 r 2 R 2 2rR cos
27. If the circle x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 1 = 0 bisects the
1) 4 2) 4 2 3) 3 5 4) 3 circumference of the circle x2 + y2 = 1 then the
23. I : The equation of the circle cutting length of the common chord of the circles is
orthogonally the circles
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 2 3
x 2 y 2 8 x 2 y 16 0 , 28. The length of the common chord of the two
x 2 y 2 4 x 4 y 1 0 and passing through circles of radii 10,24 whose centres are 26 units
the point (1, 1) is apart is
3x 2 3 y 2 14 x 23 y 15 0 . 10 240 120
1) 2) 240 3) 4)
II : The equation of the circle which cuts 13 13 13
orthogonally the three circles 29 . The length of the common chord of
x 2 y 2 2 x 17 y 4 0 , x2 y 2 2 x 3 y 1 0 ,
x 2 y 2 7 x 6 y 11 0 , x 2 y 2 4 x 3 y 2 0 is
x 2 y 2 x 22 y 3 0 1) 2 2) 2 3) 2 2 4) 6 2
30. The distance of (1, -2) from the common chord
x 2 y 2 6 x 4 y 44 0 is
of x2+y2-5x+4y-2=0 and x2+y2-2x+8y+3=0 is
1) Only I is true 2) Only II is true 1) 2 2) 1 3) 0 4) 3
3) both I & II are true 4) neither I nor II true
NARAYANAGROUP 55
SYSTEM OF CIRCLES JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV
6. The circle through (-2, 5), (0, 0) and intersecting 15. If a b then the length of common chord of
the circle x 2 y 2 4 x 3 y 1 0 orthogonally is the circles
2
x a y b
2
c2 and
2 2
1) 2 x 2 y 11x 16 y 0 2 2
x b y a c 2 is
2) x 2 y 2 4 x 4 y 0
2 2
2 2 1) 4c 2 2 a b 2) c2 a b
3) x y 2 x 5 y 0
2 2
4) x 2 y 2 2 x 5 y 1 0 3) 3c 2 a b 4) 2c 2 a b
7. x = 1 is the radical axis of two circles which 16. The locus of the centre of the circle which cuts
cut each other orthogonally. If x2 + y2 = 9 is the circle x 2 y 2 20 x 4 0 orthogonally
the equation of one circle then the equation of
the other circle is and touches the line x 2 is
1) x2 + y2 - 9x + 9 = 0 2) x2 + y2 + 18x-9 = 0 1) y 2 4 x 2) y 2 16 x 3) x 2 4 y 4) x 2 16 y
3) x2 + y2 - 18x + 9=0 4) x2 + y2 + 9x + 9 = 0 2
8. In n(n 3) circles the centres of no three 17. x 2 y 2 a 2 and x c y 2 b 2 are two
circles are collinear. If the number of the intersecting circles. If a, b, c are the sides
radical axes of the circles is equal to the BC , CA, AB of ABC . If p1 , p2 , p3 are the
number of the radical centres of the circles
then n2 - 4n - 5 = altitudes through A, B, C respectively then the
1) 5 2) 0 3) 50 4) 7 length of the common chord is
9. The radical centre of three circles described 1) 2 p1 2) 2 p2 3) 2 p3 4) p1
on the sides of a triangle as diameters is 18. The radius of the least circle passing
............... of the ABC through the point (8, 4) and cutting the
1) Orthocentre 2) Centroid circle x 2 y 2 40 orthogonally is
3) in-centre 4) Circumcentre
1) 5 2) 7 3) 2 5 4) 4 5
10. If the radical centre of x2 + y2 - 4x + 2y + 3= 0,
x2 + y2 - x + 4y + 4 = 0 and 19. a, c and b, c are the centres of two circles
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 5y + 7=0 is (-1, 1) then g = whose radical axis is the y-axis. If the radius
1) -3 2) 3 3) -3/2 4) 3/2 of first circle is r then the diameter of the other
COMMON CHORD OF THE CIRCLES circle is
11. The line 2x + 3y = 1 intersects the circle 1) 2 r 2 b 2 a 2 2) r 2 a 2 b2
x2 + y2 = 4 at A and B. If the equation of the
circle on AB as diameter is 3) r 2 b 2 a 2
4) 2 r 2 a 2 b 2
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 then c=
20. B and C are points on the circle x 2 y 2 a 2 ,
1) -50 2) -54/13 3) 50/13 4) -50/13
12. If the line x cos + y sin = p and the circle A point A b, c lies on that circle such that
x2 + y2 = a2 intersect at A and B then the AB AC d . The equation to BC is
equation of the circle on AB as diameter is
(x2 + y2 - a2) + k(x cos + y sin - p) =0 then 1) bx ay a 2 d 2 2) bx ay d 2 a 2
k= 3) bx cy 2a 2 d 2 4) 2 bx cy 2a 2 d 2
1) p 2) -p 3) -4p 4) - 2p
13. The equation of the circle passing through the 21. If the circle x 2 y 2 8 x 4 y c 0 touches
origin and the points of intersection of the the circle x 2 y 2 2 x 4 y 11 0 externally
circles x2 +y2-4x - 6y-3=0, x2+y2+4x -2y-4=0 and cuts the circle x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y k 0
1) x2 + y2 + 28x + 18y = 0
2) x2 + y2 - 18x - 28y = 0 orthogonally then k=
1) 59 2) -59 3) 19 4) -19
3) x2+y2-28x+18y=0 4) x2 + y2 - 28x - 18y = 0
14. The equation of the circle describes on the LEVEL-II (C.W.) - KEY
common chord of the circles x2 + y2 + 2x=0 1) 1 2) 3 3) 4 4) 1 5) 3 6) 1 7) 3
and x2+y2+2y = 0 as diameter is 8) 2 9) 1 10) 4 11) 4 12) 4 13) 4 14) 3
1) x2 + y2 - x - y = 0 2) x2 + y2 + x - y = 0 15) 1 16) 2 17) 3 18) 1 19) 4 20) 4 21) 2
3) x2 + y2 + x + y = 0 4) x2 + y2 - x + y = 0
NARAYANAGROUP 57
SYSTEM OF CIRCLES JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV
LEVEL-II (C.W.) - HINTS 4. If a circle passes through the point (a,b) and
cuts the circle x 2 y 2 k 2 orghogonally then
d 2 r12 r22
1. cos where r1 r2 and 1200 the locus of its centre is
2r1r2
1) 2ax 2by a b 2 k 2
2
12. The line 2x + 3y = 1 cuts the circle x2 + y2 = 4 19. A and B are two points on the circle
in P and Q. Then the equation of the smaller
circle passing through P and Q x 2 y 2 1 . If the x co-ordination of A and B
1) 13(x2 + y2) - 4x - 6y + 50 = 0 are the roots of the equation x 2 ax b 0
2) 13(x2 + y2) - 6y - 50 = 0 and the y-coordinates of A and B are the roots
3) 13(x2 + y2) - 4x - 6y - 50 = 0
4) 13(x2 + y2) - 4x - 50 = 0 of the equation y 2 by a 0 then the
13. (-2,3) is the middle point of chord AB of the equation of the line AB is
circle x 2 y 2 81 .The equation of the circle 1) ax by 0 2) ax by 1 0
through the points A,B and (0,1) is 3) bx ay a b 0 4) ax by a b 1 0
1) x 2 y 2 16 x 24 y 23 0
20. If the length of tangents from a, b to the
2) x 2 y 2 16 x 24 y 23 0
3) x 2 y 2 2 y 1 0 4) x 2 y 2 16 x 24 y 0 circles x2 y 2 4x 5 0 and
14. If the equation of the circle whose one x 2 y 2 6 x 2 y 6 0 are equal then
diameter is the common chord of the cirlces
x2+y2+4x+2y-4=0 and x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y - 4 = 0 is 10a 2b
x2 + y2 + ax + by + c=0 then a + b - c = 1) 10 2) -11 3) 11 4) -10
1) 4 2) -4 3) -8 4) -2 LEVEL-II (H.W.) - KEY
15. The circle which cuts the circles
x 2 y 2 a1 x b1 y c 0, 1) 1 2) 3 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1 6) 2 7) 2
8) 3 9) 3 10) 3 11) 1 12) 3 13) 2 14) 1
x 2 y 2 a2 x b2 y c 0, 15) 4 16) 1 17) 3 18) 4 19) 4 20) 2
x 2 y 2 a3 x b3 y c 0 orthogonally is
LEVEL-I (H.W.) - HINTS
1) x 2 y 2 x y c 2) x 2 y 2 2c
3) x 2 y 2 3c 4) x 2 y 2 c d 2 r12 r22
1. cos where r1 r2 and 1200
16. The equation of the circle which bisects the 2r1r2
circumferences of the circles x 2 y 2 1, 2. Take A(a,0), B(-a,0) and P(x1,y1) and r1=r2= a
x 2 y 2 2 x 3, x 2 y 2 2 y 3 is 3. Let S = 0 be req. circle and use given
conditions
1) x 2 y 2 4 x 4 y 1 0
2) x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 1 0 4. Let the centre of the circle be x1 , y1
6. Let S=0 be req. circle and use given conditions
3) x 2 y 2 4 x 2 y 1 0 7. use orthogonality condition
4) x 2 y 2 2 x 4 y 1 0 8. n C2 n C3 n 5
17. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by the 10. Intersection of R.A. of any two pairs of circle
parametric points , and on the circle 11,12. S L 0 has centre on L =0
x 2 y 2 a 2 is 13. Equation of AB is S1 S11 and req circle is
a a S S1 S11 0
1) 0, 0 2) cos , sin
3 3 14. Find the radical axis and then the circle
3) a cos , a sin 15. Centre c 0, 0 , radius r c
17. Circum centre 0, 0 H 3G
4) a cos , a sin
2 2
18. Three circles are such that each touch the A B C
18. r1 p cot , r2 p cot , r3 p cot
other two externally. The common tangents 2 2 2
are concurrent at ' p ' . The length of the 19. S x 2 y 2 1 0
tangent to each circle is ' p ' . The ratio of the
product of their radii to sum of their radii is S' x 2 y 2 ax by a b 0 Find S S'
p p2 20. a, b lies on radical axis
1) 2) 3) p 4) p 2
2 2 ***
NARAYANAGROUP 59