12.1 Triangle Proportionality Theorem: Constructing Similar Triangles
12.1 Triangle Proportionality Theorem: Constructing Similar Triangles
12.1 Triangle Proportionality Theorem: Constructing Similar Triangles
A Do your work for Steps A–C in the space provided. Draw a triangle.
Label it ABC as shown.
A
B C
_
B . Label it E.
Select a point on AB
B C
E F
B C
‹ ›
− _
D
Why are EF
and BC parallel?
_ _ _ _
E Use a ruler to measure AE , EB , AF
, and FC
. Then compare the
\\192.168.9.251\07Macdata\07Vol1Data\From Graphics\02192014\From Ramesh\Econ 2016\W
___AE ___AF
ratios EB and FC .
AE AF
2. What do you know about the ratios ___
AB
and ___
AC
? Explain.
3. Make a Conjecture Use your answer to Step E to make a conjecture about the line
segments produced when a line parallel to one side of a triangle intersects the other
two sides.
‹ › _
−
A Given: EF ∥ BC A
AE AF
Prove: ___
EB
= ___
FC 3 F
E 1
Step 1 Show that △AEF ∼ △ABC. 4 C
‹ › _
− 2
Because EF ∥ BC, you can conclude that ∠1 ≅ ∠2 and
B
∠3 ≅ ∠4 by the Theorem.
AB =
_ Corresponding sides are proportional.
AE
AE + EB
_ = Segment Addition Postulate
AE
EB = a+b
1+_ c = c + c.
Use the property that ____ __
a __
b
AB
EB =
_ Subtract 1 from both sides.
AE
AE =
_ Take the reciprocal of both sides.
EB
Reflect
4. Explain how you conclude that ▵AEF ∼▵ABC without using ∠3 and ∠4.
4 CY
Take the reciprocal of both sides.
_4=_ CY
9 10
Next, multiply both sides by 10.
() ( )
9
CY 10
4 = _
10 _
10
→ 40 = CY, or 4_
_
9
4 = CY
9
B Find PN.
_ _ NQ
It is given that PQ ∥ LM, so ___
QM
= by the L M
3
P Q 2
Triangle Proportionality Theorem.
5
Substitute for NQ, for QM, and 3 for .
N
5=_
_ NP
2 3
Multiply both sides by : (_25 ) = (_3 )
NP → = NP
A AE AF
If a line divides two sides of =
EB FC
a triangle proportionally, ‹ › _
−
E F EF || BC
then it is parallel to the
third side.
B C
AE = _
Given: _ AF A
A EB FC
‹ › _
−
Prove: EF ∥ BC
F
_ _ A
B DE and AB (Given that AC = 36 cm, and BC = 27 cm) D
20 cm
AD = AC - DC = 36 - 20 = 16
C
BE = BC - = - = B E 15 cm
CD = _ = _
_ CE = _ =
_
DA EB
CD = _, DE
Since _
― by the
― || AB Theorem.
DA
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Reflect
Your Turn
_ _
9. Verify that TU and RS are parallel.
R
72
T
90
V
67.5 U 54 S
Module 12 635 Lesson 1
Elaborate
_ _
10. In △ABC, XY || BC. Use what you know about similarity A
and proportionality to identify as many different proportions X Y
as possible. B C
11. Discussion What theorems, properties, or strategies are common to the proof of
the Triangle Proportionality Theorem and the proof of Converse of the Triangle
Proportionality Theorem?
―
12. Essential Question Check-In Suppose a line parallel to side BC of
― ―
▵ABC intersects sides AB and AC at points X and Y, respectively, and ___
AX
= 1. What
XB
do you know about X and Y? Explain.
N X
Y
M
Z
20 15
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N
L
16 12
C
10. On the map, 1st Street and 2nd Street are parallel. What is the distance from
City Hall to 2nd Street along Cedar Road?
Rd.
en
As p
mi
2.8
City Library
mi
Hall 2.1 2.4 mi
Cedar Rd.
1st St. 2nd St.
Main
St. 0.4 km
St.
r in g km
Sp 0.5
km
0.3
12. Multi-Step The storage unit has horizontal siding that is parallel to the base. G
a. Find LM.
11.3 ft
10.4 ft
b. Find GM. H
L D 2.6 ft
M E
J 2.2 ft
N F
K
c. Find MN to the nearest tenth of a foot.
HJ
d. Make a Conjecture Write the ratios ___ LM
MN
and __
JK
as
decimals to the nearest hundredth and compare them.
Make a conjecture about the relationship between parallel
‹ › −
− ‹ › ‹ ›
− ‹ ›
− ‹ ›
−
lines LD , ME , and NF and transversals GN and GK.
13. A corollary to the Converse of the Triangle Proportionality Theorem states that
if three or more parallel lines intersect two transversals, then they divide the
Statements Reasons
‹ › −
‹ › −
− ‹ › −
‹ ›
1. AB ∥ CD , CD ∥ AF 1. Given
©Stuart Walker/Alamy
‹ ›
− ‹ ›
−
2. Draw EB intersecting CD at X. 2. Two points
AC
3. ___
CE
= __
BX
XE
3.
BX BD
4. __
XE
= ___
DF
4.
AC BD
5. ___
CE
= ___
DF
5. Property of Equality
K 10 N 15 M
15. Which of the given measures allow you to conclude that UV
― ―
? Select
∥ ST
all that apply.
A. SR = 12, TR = 9 U V
20 16
B. SR = 16, TR = 20 S T
C. SR = 35, TR = 28
D. SR = 50, TR = 48 R
E. SR = 25, TR = 20
G
40
H
4x + 4
F E
45 J 5x + 1
17. Communicate Mathematical Ideas John used △ABC to write a proof A
of the Centroid Theorem. He began by drawing medians AK
― and CL
―
,
―
intersecting at Z. Next he drew midsegments LM
―
, both
and NP
―
.
parallel to median AK
L N
Z
Given: △ABC with medians AK
―
―
, and midsegments LM
and CL
―
and NP
―
B C
M K P
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
y
9 B (5.5, y)
8
7
6 F (7, 6)
5
4
3
2
1 A (1, 2) E (4, 2) C (10, 2)
x
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4. GF D