명덕여고 1-2-기말대비

ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

20.

Some experts estimate that as much as half of that we communicate does through the way ㉠we move
our bodies. ㉡Paying attention to the nonverbal messages you send can make a slight difference in your
relationship with students. In general, most students are often closely tune in to their teacher’s body
language. For example, when your students first enter the classroom, their important action is to look
for their teacher. Think about how encouraged and powering it is for a student what that teacher has
a friendly greeting and a welcoming smile. Smiling at students ― to let them know that you are bad
to see them ― do not require a bit deal of time or effort, but it can make a significant difference in the
classroom climate right from the start of class.

1. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

2. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[여러분이 보내는 비언어적인 메시지에 주의를 기울이는 것은 학생들과 여러분의 관계에 중요한 차이를 만들 수 있다. ]
:

3. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

4. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

5. 위 글의 주장을 쓰세요.
: 학생과의 관계에서 교사는 비 언어적 표현에 유의해야 한다.

21.

When it comes to climate change, many blame the fossil fuel industry for pumping greenhouse gases,
the agricultural sector for burning rainforests, or the fashion industry for produced excessive clothes.

(A) But wait, what drives these industrial activities? ㉠Our consumption. Climate change is ㉡a summed
product of each person’s behavior. For example, the fossil fuel industry is a popular scapegoat in the
climate crisis.
(B) Some people waste electricity generating by burning fuel in power plants. Some people use and
throw away plastic product derived from crude oil every day. Blaming the fossil fuel industry during
㉢engaging in these behaviors are ㉣a slap in our own face.
(C) But why do they drill and burn fossil fuels? We provide it strong financial incentives: some people
regularly travel on airplanes and cars that burns fossil fuels.
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

1. 순서 배열하기
: A - C - B

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
: a thing that is not in order

3. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 기후 변화는 각 개인 행위의 합쳐진 산물이다. ]
:

4. 빈칸 ㉢에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

5. 밑줄 친 ㉠이 의미하는 바를 쓰세요.
: failing to recognize our responsibility for climate change

6. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

22.

Information is worthless if you never actually use it. Far too often, companies collect valuable customer
information that ends up buried and never used. They must ensure their data is accessible for use at
the appropriate times. For a hotel, one appropriate time for data usage is check-in at the front desk.
I often check in at a hotel I’ve visited frequently, only for the people at the front desk to give no
indication that they recognize me as a customer. ㉠The hotel must have stored a record of my visits, bu
t they don’t make that information accessible to the front desk clerks. They are missing ㉡a prime oppo
rtunity to utilize data to create a better experience focused on customer loyalty. Whether they have ten
customers, ten thousand, or even ten million, the goal is the same: create a delightful customer
experience that encourages loyalty.

1. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 그 호텔은 내 방문 기록을 저장하고 있음이 분명하지만 그들은 그 정보가 프런트 데스크 직원들에게 접근 가
능하도록 해 주지 않는다. ]
:
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

2. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 말을 고르세요.
[ 그들은 고객 충성도에 초점을 맞춘 더 나은 경험을 만들 수 있도록 정보를 활용할 최적의 기회를 놓치고 있다. ]
:

23.

We are used to think that the brain is never changed, but according to the neuroscientist Richard
Davidson, we now know that this is not true ― specific brain circuits grow stronger through ㉠regular pr
actice. He explains, “Well-being is fundamentally no different than learns to play the cello. If one
practices the skills of well-being, one will get better at them.” What this means is what you can actually
train your brain to become more grateful, relaxing, or confident, by repeating experiences that evokes
gratitude, relaxation, or confidence. Your brain shapes the thoughts you repeat. ㉡The more neurons fire
as they are activated by repeated thoughts and activities, the faster they develop into neural pathways, w
hich cause lasting changes in the brain. Or in the words of Donald Hebb, “Neurons that fire together
wires together.” This is such an encouraged premise: bottom line ― ㉢we can intentionally create the hab
its for the brain to be happier.

1. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

2. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 뉴런은 그것이 반복된 생각과 활동에 의해 활성화되면서 더 많이 점화할수록, 그것은 신경 경로로 더 빠르게
발달하게 되고 이는 뇌에 지속적인 변화를 야기한다. ]
:

3. 빈칸 ㉢에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 이는 대단히 고무적인 전제이다. 즉, 결론은 뇌가 더 행복해지도록 우리가 습관을 의도적으로 만들 수 있다는 것이다. ]
:

4. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

5. 위 글의 주제를 쓰세요.
한글: 행복을 위한 뇌 습관을 만드는 가능성
영어: Possibility of forming brain habits for well-being
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

24.

In modern times, society became more peaceful. ① Social mobility was increased, and people began to
exercise ㉠a higher degree of choice regarded, for instance, their profession, their marriage, or their
religion. ② This forbids a challenge to traditional roles in society. ③ It was more evident what one
needing to commit to the roles one was born into how alternatives could be achieved. ④ Identity then
became a problem. ⑤ It was no longer almost ready-made at birth but nothing to discover.

1. 문장 삽입 위치 고르기
[ Increasing control over one’s life choices became not only possible but desired. ]

2. 다음의 문장은 위 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 정리한 글입니다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
(A)Traditional role identities prescribed by society began to appear as masks imposed on people

whose real self was (B)to be found somewhere underneath .

3. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

4. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

5. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

6. 위 글의 제목을 쓰세요.
: 어떻게 현대사회가 우리의 정체성을 발견하도록 우리를 이끌었는가

29.

The increase of minerals in our food are the result of using pesticides and fertilizers that kills off
beneficial bacteria, earthworms, and bugs in the soil that are created many of the essential nutrients in
the first place and prevented the take of nutrients into the plant. ① Fertilizing crops with nitrogen and
potassium have led to increase in magnesium, zinc, iron and iodine. ② For example, there has been on
average about a 30% decline in the magnesium content of wheat. ③ Lower magnesium levels in soil
also are occured with acidic soils and around 70% of the farmland on earth is now acidic. ④ Thus, the
overall characteristics of soil decrease the accumulation of minerals in plants. ⑤ Indeed, nowadays our
soil is more healthy and ㉠so are the plants grown on it.
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

1. 다음 문장이 들어갈 곳을 바르기 고치고, 빈칸에 들어갈 말 쓰기

[ This is partly (A)due to potassium being a blocker against magnesium absorption by plants. ]

1-1. 위 문장의 밑줄 친 (A) 부분을 다음의 주어진 단어로 시작하는 절로 바꾸어 쓰세요.
= because potassium is a blocker against magnesium absorption by plants.

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말 쓰기
:

3. 위 글에서 어법상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

4. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

30.

For species approached extinction, zoos can act as ㉠a last chance for survival. ① Recovery programs
establish to coordinate the efforts of field conservationists and wildlife authorities. ② As populations of
those species diminished it is not usual for zoos to start captive breeding programs. ③ Captive breeding
acts ㉡to protect against extinction. ④ In some cases captive-bred individuals may release back into the
wild, supplementing wild populations. ⑤ For example, turtle eggs may be removed by high-risk locations
until after they hatch. ⑥ This may decrease the number of turtles that survives to adulthood. ⑦
Crocodile programs have also been unsuccessful in protecting eggs and hatchlings, releasing hatchlings
once they are better equipped with protecting them.

1. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치를 고르세요.

[ This is most successful in situations where individuals are at greatest threat during a particular life stage. ]

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 알맞은 말을 쓰세요.

:

3. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 알맞은 말을 쓰세요.

:

4. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

5. 위 글에서 어법상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

31.

We aren’t sent telegraphs to communicate anymore, but it’s a great metaphor for give advance notice. S
ometimes, you must reform those close to you of upcoming change by ㉠conveying important informatio
n well in advance. There’s a few difference between saying, “From now on, we will do things different,”
which doesn’t give people time enough to understand and ignore the change, and saying something like,
“Starting next month, we’re going to approach things differently.” Telegraphing powers people to adapt.
Telegraphing revolves the art of seen an upcoming event or circumstance and gives others enough time
to progress and accepts the change. Telegraph anything what will take people out of what is unfamiliar
and comfortable to them. ㉡This will allow processing time for them to accept the circumstances and m
ake the most of what’s happening.

1. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 알맞은 말을 쓰세요.

:

2. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 알맞은 말을 쓰세요.

[ 이것은 그들이 그 상황을 받아들이고 일어나고 있는 일을 최대한으로 활용할 수 있는 처리시간을 허용해 줄
것이다. ]
(happen, accept, allow, accept, processing time, circumstance, them)
:

3. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

4. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

32.

㉠Not only does memory underlie our ability to think at all, it defines the content of our experiences an
d how we preserve them for years to come. Memory makes us who we are. If I were to suffer from
heart success and depend upon an artificial heart, I would be no more myself. ㉡If I lost an arm in an
accident and had it replaced with an artificial arm, I would still be essentially me. On the other hand,
when someone suffers from advanced Alzheimer’s disease and his memories strengthen, people often say
that he “is not himself anymore,” or that it is as if the person “is no longer there,” though ㉢his body r
emains unchanged.
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

1. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치를 고르고, 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 주어진 단어를 활용하여 쓰세요.
[ As long as my mind and memories remain intact, I will continue to be the same person, no matter which
part of my body (other than the brain) is replaced . ] (replace, which, body, part)

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 기억이 어쨌든 사고하는 우리의 능력의 기반이 될 뿐만 아니라 그것은 우리의 경험의 내용과 다가올 수년 간
우리가 그것을 보존하는 방식을 규정한다. ]
:

3. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

4. 빈칸 ㉢에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

5. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

33.

Over time, babies construct expectations about what sounds they will hear why. ① They hold in
memory the sound patterns that don't occur on a regular basis. ② They make hypotheses like, “If I
hear this sound first, it probably will be followed by that sound.” ③ Scientists include that much of
babies’ skill in learning language is due their ability to calculate statistics. ④ For babies, this means that
they disappear to pay close attention to ㉠the patterns that repeat in language. ⑤ This memory store
allows them to track, within the neural circuits of their brains, the infrequency of sound patterns and
to use this knowledge to make predictions about the meaning in patterns of sounds.

1. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
: Repeat and you'll succeed

2. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치를 바르게 고르고. 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.

[ They remember, in a systematic way, how often sounds occur, in what order , with what i
ntervals , and with what changes of pitch . ]

3. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

34.

Some deep-sea organisms are known for using bioluminescence as a lure, attract prey with a little glow
imitated the movements of their favorite fish, or like fireflies, as a sexual attractant to find mates.

(A) The color of almost all bioluminescent molecules are blue-green, the same color as the ocean above.
By self-glowing blue-green, the creatures no longer are cast a shadow or create a silhouette, especially
when viewing from below against the brighter waters above.
(B) Rather, by glowing themselves, they can be blended into the sparkles, reflections, and scattering blue
-green glow of sunlight or moonlight. ㉠Thus, they are most likely making their own light not to see, bu
t to be un-seen.
(C) Whether there are many possible evolutionary theories for the survival value of bioluminescence, one
of the most fascinated is to create a cloak of invisibility.

1. 순서배열하기
: C – A - B

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 따라서, 그들은 보기 위해서가 아니라 보이지 않기 위해서 자신만의 빛을 분명 만들어 내고 있을 것이다. ]
:

3. 위 글에서 어법상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

35.

Internet activist Eli Pariser noticed what online search algorithms are encouraged our human tendency
to grab hold of nothing that confirms the beliefs we already hold, during quietly accepting information
that matches those beliefs. We set up a so-called “filter-bubble” around us, when we are inconstantly
exposing only to that material that we agree with. We are challenged, never given ourselves the
opportunity to knowledge the existence of diversity and difference. In the best case, we become naive
and sheltered, and in the best, we become radicalizing with extreme views, able to imagine life outside
our particular bubble. The results are harmonious: ㉠intellectual isolation and the real distortion that
come with believing that the whole world we create for ourselves are the world.

1. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

2. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

3. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

36.

Exactly twenty years ago, brick-and-mortar stores began giving way to electronic commerce. ① For good
or bad, the shift fundamentally unchanged consumers’ perception of the shopping experience. ② ㉠ Now
here was the shift more obvious than with book sales, which is how online bookstores got their start. ③
Physical bookstores simply could stock as much titles as a virtual bookstore could. ④ There is only so
little space available on a shelf. ⑤ The combination of lower prices and greater selection were led to
the slow, steady decrease of online bookstores. ⑥ Before long, the e-commerce book market naturally
shrink to include additional categories, like CDs and DVDs. ⑦ E-commerce soon was snowballed into
the enormous industry it is today, when you can buy something from toilet paper to cars online.

1. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치를 바르게 고르세요.

[ In addition to greater variety, online bookstores were also able to offer aggressive discounts thanks to thei
r lower operating costs. ]

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 그 변화가 책 판매보다 더 분명한 곳은 없었는데, 그것이 온라인 서점이 시작된 방식이다. ]
:

3. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

3. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

37.

Literary works, by their nature, suggest rather than to explain; they reply rather than state their claims
boldly and indirectly. ① This broad generalization, however, do not mean that works of literature do not
exclude direct statements. ② Depending on what they were written and by who, literary works may
contain large amounts of direct telling and more amounts of suggestion and implication. ③ But
however the proportion of a work’s showing to tell, there is always nothing for readers to interpret. ④
What a text implies are often of great interest to us. ⑤ And our work of figuring out a text’s
implications tests our analytical powers. In considering that a text suggests, we lose practice in ㉠making
sense of texts.

1. 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳을 고르세요.

[ Thus we ask the question “What does the text suggest?” as a way to approach literary interpretation, as a
way to begin thinking about a text’s implications. ]

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

3. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

4. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

38.

According to top nutrition experts, most nutrients better absorb and used by the body when consuming
from a whole food instead of a supplement.

(A) But in reality, the large majority of supplements is artificial and may not even completely absorb
our body. Worse, some are contaminated with other substances and contained ingredients not listed on
the label.
(B) For example, a recent investigative report found heavy metals in 40 percent of 134 brands of
protein powders on the market. With little control and regulation, taking supplements are a gamble and
often cost.
(C) However, many people feel the need to take pills, powders, and supplements in an attempt to
obtain nutrients and fills the gaps in their diets. We hope these will give us more energy, prevent us
from catching a cold in the winter, or improving our skin and hair.
 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

1. 순서배열하기
: C – B - A

2. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

39.

In general, kinetic energy is the energy associating with motion, while potential energy presents the
energy which are “stored” in a physical system.

(A) Moreover, the total energy is always preserved. But whether the total energy remains changed, the
kinetic and potential parts of the small energy can be changed all the time. Imagine, for example, a
pendulum which swing back and forth.
(B) But after this long moment of rest, the pendulum swings back again and therefore part of the total
energy then gives in the form of kinetic energy. So as the pendulum swings, kinetic and potential
energy constantly unchange into each other.
(C) When it swings, it sweeps out an arc and then slow down as it comes further to its highest point,
where the pendulum moves at all. So at this point, the energy completely gives in terms of potential
energy.

1. 순서배열하기
: A – C - B

2. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

3. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

40.

There are often a lot of certainty in the realm of science, which the general public finds uncomfortable.
They don’t want “formed guesses,” they want certainties that makes their lives easier, and science is
often unequipped to meet these supply. ① In particular, the human body is fantastically simpleness, and
some scientific answers can never provide in black-or-white terms. ② In their eyes, they’re just “giving
people that they want” as same to offering more accurate but complex information that very a few
people will read or understand. ③ A perfect example of this is that people want definitive answers to
which foods are “good” and “bad.” ④ Scientifically speaking, there are no “good” and “bad” foods;
rather, food quality doesn't exist on a continuum, meaning what some foods are worse than others when
it comes to general health and well-being. ⑤

1. 빈칸을 채우고 문장 삽입 위치 고르기

[ All this is why the media tends to oversimplify scientific research when presenting it
to the public. ]

2. 다음의 문장은 위 글의 주제문입니다. 빈칸을 채우세요.

[ With regard to general health,, , science, by its nature, does not satisfy the public’s demands for c
ertainty , which leads to the media giving less complicated answers to the public. ]

3. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

4. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.

 명덕여고 1-2-기말대비
ASTE. 2021년 11월 모의고사 Instructor: Asteria

010-8693-8130 테스트: No. 20-24, 29-42 Name:

41-42.

Since the turn of the twentieth century we’ve been believed in genetic causes of diagnoses — a theory cal
led genetic determinism. Under this model, our genes (and subsequent health) is determined at birth.

(A) We are “destined” to inherit uncertain diseases based on the misfortune of our DNA. Genetic deter
minism considers the role of family backgrounds, traumas, habits, or anything else within the environme
nt. In this dynamic we are not ㉠active participants in our own health and wellness.
(B) We are not fully expressions of coding but product of a remarkable variety of interactions that is bo
th within and outside of our control. Once we see beyond the narrative what genetics are destiny, we ca
n ㉡take ownership of our health. This allows us to see what “㉢choiceless” we once did and powers us
with the ability to create real and last change.
(C) Why would we be? If nothing is determined, it’s not necessary to look at anything beyond our DNA.
㉣But the more science has learned about the body and its interaction with the environment around it
(in its various forms, from our nutrition to our relationships to our racially oppressive systems),㉣the m
ore complicated the story becomes.

1. 순서배열하기
: A – C - B

2. 빈칸 ㉠에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

3. 빈칸 ㉡에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

4. 빈칸 ㉢에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
:

5. 빈칸 ㉣에 들어갈 말을 쓰세요.
[ 이것은 우리에게 자신이 한때 얼마나 ‘선택권이 없는’ 상태였는지 알 수 있게 해 주며 우리에게 실제적이고
지속적인 변화를 만들어 낼 수 있는 능력을 부여한다. ]

괄호 앞 :
괄호 뒤 :

6. 위 글에서 잘못 쓰인 어휘를 골라 바르게 고치세요.

7. 위 글에서 어법 상 틀린 부분을 모두 골라 바르게 고치세요.