Activity No.

1
Debug
Course Code: CPE 005 Program:
Course Title: Computer Systems Organization with Assembly Language Date Performed:
Section: Date Submitted:
Name: Instructor:
1. Objective:
This activity aims to demonstrate how Debug can be used as an assembler and disassembler.

2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):

After completion of this activity the students should be able to:
2.1 Write a short assembly language sequence using Debug
2.2 Execute an assembler instruction in Debug
2.3 Examine the contents memory
3. Discussion :

The DEBUG program

To create a program in assembly options are to use an assembler or a debugger. The debugger that
comes with both Windows and DOS is debug.exe or DEBUG program.

DEBUG allows users to:

 control and monitor execution of programs
 Interactively display, examine memory contents, and view registers and variables as they change.
 alter and selectively load COM, EXE and other file types
 access specific sectors, I/O ports and memory addresses

The Debug Commands

Debug commands are issued at command prompt, denoted by a hyphen (-), either as a single
letter, in uppercase or lowercase, or with a combination of parameter. Table 1.1 shows the summary of the
Debug commands. The “?” is used to show the long name of each command.

Description
Command
Program Creation and Debugging
A Assemble a program using instruction mnemonics
G Execute the program currently in memory
R Display the contents of register
P Proceed past an instruction, procedure or loop
T Trace a single instruction
U Disassemble memory into assembler mnemonics
Memory Manipulation
C Compare one memory range with another
D Dump (display) the contents of memory
 E Enter bytes into memory
F Fill a memory range with a single value
M Move bytes from one memory range to another
S Search a memory range for specific values
Miscellaneous
H Perform Hexadecimal addition and subtraction
Q Quit Debug and return to DOS
Input-Output
I Input a byte from a port
L Load data from disk
O Send a byte to a port
N Create a filename for use by the L and W commands
W Write data from memory to disk
Table 1.1 Summary of the Debug Commands

Once a Debug command has been issued, the <Enter> key must be pressed so that the command
becomes effective.

4. Resources:
Computer with 32-bit Operating System
Debug.exe
5. Procedure:
Sample Problem A.
1. Open Debug.exe. Type the following at the DOS command prompt of your computer:
C:/>Debug <Enter>
2. Issue the command E when prompted by hyphen ( - ), to place bytes in the memory,
- E CS:100 “Welcome to Assembly Programming!”
3. Use the D command to view contents at CS:0100
-D 100
Describe how your data are stored in the memory of the computer. In what number system are
they stored?
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______________________________________________________________________________
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Record all results in Table 1.2.
4. Display the contents of a range, type
-D 110 11F
Describe what happened to the display.
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5. Type Q to quit from Debug.
 -Q
Sample Problem B.
1. Open Debug.exe.
2. Assemble the following program at address CS:0100. Type,
-A 100
138C:0100 mov ah,02
138C:0102 mov dl,49
138C:0104 int 21
138C:0106 mov dl,20
138C:0108 int 21
138C:010A mov dl,03
138C:010C int 21
138C:010E mov dl,20
138C:0110 int 21
138C:0112 mov dl,54
138C:0114 int 21
138C:0116 mov dl,49
138C:0118 int 21
138C:011A mov dl,50
138C:011C int 21
138C:011E int 20
138C:0120 [Enter]
-
3. Execute the program, type Gat the debug prompt.
-G
4. Analyze the output and record all results in Table 1.3
5. Unassemble the program at address 100 to 11e, type
- U 100 11E
6. Observe the output and record all results in Table 1.4.
7. Edit the values of address 107 and 10f, type
-E CS:107
20.0A
-E CS:10F
20.0A
8. Unassemblethe program at address 100
-U 100
Observe what happened to the output and record all results in Table 1.5.
What changes have you observed in the values of the memory?
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9. Execute the program. Type,
-G
 10. Save the program as Prog1.com, type
-N c:\CompOrg\Prog1.com <Enter>
Note: You should have had created CompOrg directory in C: drive.
11. Use H command to get the sum and difference of the addresses 0120 and 0100. Type,
–H 0120 0100
0220 0020
12. Change the value of the CX register to 0020. Type,
-R CX <Enter>
CX 0000
:0020
13. Type W to write the file Prog1.com,
-W <Enter>
The computer should display “Writing 00020” bytes.
14. Exit from Debug.

Sample Problem C.
1. Check the created Prog1.com file. Open the DOS command prompt. Click START-type CMD-press
ENTER.
2. Change directory to CompOrg.
c:\cd CompOrg><Enter>
3. Execute Prog1.com.
c:\CompOrg>Prog1.com <Enter>
4. Record your output in Table 1.6.

Sample Problem D.
1. Open Debug.exe
2. Type ?
-?
Describe what happened after you typed “?” at the prompt.
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Which of the commands does not have a parameter?

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Use Table 1.7 to write the long names of the commands and given the examples,give the function
of each of the commands used in this activity.
6. DATA ANALYSIS:

Table 1.2-Sample Problem A.3

138C:0100 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ Welcome to Assem
138C:0110 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ bly Programming!
138C:0120 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00-00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
138C:0130 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00-00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
138C:0140 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00-00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
138C:0150 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00-00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
138C:0160 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00-00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
138C:0170 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00-00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................

--

Table 1.3- Output of Sample Problem B.3

Table 1.4-Result of Sample Problem B.4

Address Contents (Hex) Mnemonics

: 0100 MOV AH,02
: 0102 MOV DL,49
:0104 INT 21
:0106 MOV DL,20
:0108 INT 21
:010A MOV DL,03
:010C INT 21
:010E MOV DL,20
:0110 INT 21
:0112 MOV DL,54
:0114 INT 21
:0116 MOV DL,49
:0118 INT 21
:011A MOV DL,50
:011C INT 21
:011E INT 20
 Table 1.5-Result of Sample Problem B.6

Table 1.6- Output of Procedure C.4

Address Contents (Hex) Mnemonics
: 0100 B4 02 MOV AH,02
: 0102 MOV DL,49
:0104 INT 21
:0106
:0108 INT 21
:010A MOV DL,03
:010C INT 21
:010E
:0110 INT 21
:0112 MOV DL,54
:0114 INT 21
:0116 MOV DL,49
:0118 INT 21
:011A MOV DL,50
:011C INT 21
:011E INT 20
 Table 1.7- Debug Commands

Command Syntax Function Example

A [Starting Address] A 100

D [Start Addr] [End Addr] D 100

D 110 11F

E [Address] [Data] E CS:107

E CS:100 “Welcome to
Assembly Programming!”

G [Starting Addr] [Breakpoint Addr] G

G=CS:100 11F

H value1 value2 H 0120 0100

N [C:] [filename] [.ext] N c:\CompOrg\Prog1.com

Q Q

Register R [Register name] Examine or modify the R

contents of internal CPU R CX
register.
U [Starting Addr] U 100
U 100 11E

W W
 7. PROBLEMS:

1. Create a DEBUG program that will display your name, program, and course, on the computer
screen. Save you program as Prog2.com.
Sample Output:
Juan dela Cruz
BS CpE
CPE005

8. CONCLUSIONS

9. Assessment (Rubric for Laboratory Performance):