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    "One Past But Many Histories" Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History

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    RAGOS Jeffrey Miguel P.
    1. This document provides pointers for reviewing key topics for a GNED04 midterm examination in Philippine history, including: the site of the first mass, Cavite Mutiny, Rizal's alleged retraction, and the Cry of Balintawak. It outlines various perspectives and controversies regarding these events. 2. Mandated topics for the exam include agrarian reform policies, the 1899 Malolos Constitution, and the 1935, 1973, and 1987 Philippine Constitutions. Presentations by reporters on these topics are also recommended for review. 3. The document mentions that the contents of texts on the KKK and the "Kartilya ng Katipunan" as well as

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    "One Past But Many Histories" Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History

    Uploaded by

    RAGOS Jeffrey Miguel P.
    131 views4 pages
    1. This document provides pointers for reviewing key topics for a GNED04 midterm examination in Philippine history, including: the site of the first mass, Cavite Mutiny, Rizal's alleged retraction, and the Cry of Balintawak. It outlines various perspectives and controversies regarding these events. 2. Mandated topics for the exam include agrarian reform policies, the 1899 Malolos Constitution, and the 1935, 1973, and 1987 Philippine Constitutions. Presentations by reporters on these topics are also recommended for review. 3. The document mentions that the contents of texts on the KKK and the "Kartilya ng Katipunan" as well as

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    GNED04-MIDTERM-EXAM-POINTERS

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    1. This document provides pointers for reviewing key topics for a GNED04 midterm examination in Philippine history, including: the site of the first mass, Cavite Mutiny, Rizal's alleged retraction, and the Cry of Balintawak. It outlines various perspectives and controversies regarding these events. 2. Mandated topics for the exam include agrarian reform policies, the 1899 Malolos Constitution, and the 1935, 1973, and 1987 Philippine Constitutions. Presentations by reporters on these topics are also recommended for review. 3. The document mentions that the contents of texts on the KKK and the "Kartilya ng Katipunan" as well as

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    131 views4 pages

    "One Past But Many Histories" Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History

    Uploaded by

    RAGOS Jeffrey Miguel P.
    1. This document provides pointers for reviewing key topics for a GNED04 midterm examination in Philippine history, including: the site of the first mass, Cavite Mutiny, Rizal's alleged retraction, and the Cry of Balintawak. It outlines various perspectives and controversies regarding these events. 2. Mandated topics for the exam include agrarian reform policies, the 1899 Malolos Constitution, and the 1935, 1973, and 1987 Philippine Constitutions. Presentations by reporters on these topics are also recommended for review. 3. The document mentions that the contents of texts on the KKK and the "Kartilya ng Katipunan" as well as

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    GNED04 Midterm Examination – Pointers for Review

    • Kasaysayan at ang Dalwang Batayan ng Kasaysayan

    • Apat na sakop ng paksang “isang nakaraan ngunit maraming kasaysayan” ang mga
    kontrobersiya at magkakasalungat na mga pananaw hinggil sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas o
    “One past but many histories” controversies and conflicting views in Philippine History

    1. Site of First Mass


    FERDINAND MAGELLAN
    • Isang mananakop na nanggaling mula Portugal sa Panahong Merkantilismo.
    • Dahil sa kumpetisyon mula sa Espanya ay naglayag si Fernando de Magallanes kasama
    ang ilan sa mga tauhan nito para sa isang ekspedisyon ng paghahanap sa mga hilaw na
    sangkap at patunayan na walang hangganan at hindi patag ang mundo kundi ito ay bilog.
    • Limang barko ang patuloy na naglakbay pakanluran (Trinidad, Conception, San Antonio,
    Santiago, at Victoria)
    Antonio Pigafetta
    • around 1941 when he was born in Vicenza, Republic of Venice or was now known as Italy
    • he died at the age of 39-40 around 1531.
    • he studied astronomy, geography and cartography.
    • an Italian scholar and explorer from the Republic of Venice.
    • He travelled with the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and his crew on their first
    Voyage around the world.
    • He was one of the 18 men who returned to Spain in 1522.
    THE FIRST CATHOLIC MASS IN THE PHILIPPINES
    • The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521
    • Father Pedro de Valderrama
    • Located at the Southern Leyte, popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the
    Philippines. It was the holy first mass that marked the birth of Roman Catholicism in the
    Philippines.
    MASAO
    • In 1872: A monument to commemorate the site of first mass on the Philippines was
    erected in Butuan.
    • In 1953: The people in Butuan asked the Philippine Historical Committee to rehabilitate the
    monument or place a marker on the site.
    LIMASAWA
    • Jaime de Veyra stated that the first mass was celebrated in Limasawa not in Butuan.
    • Historian Pablo Pastells stating by the footnote to Francisco Colin's Labor Evangelica that
    Magellan did not go to Butuan but from Limasawa to Cebu.
    • Francisco Albo, pilot of Magellan's flagship does not mention the first mass but he writes
    that they erected a cross on a mountain which overlooked three islands west and the
    southwest.
    • James Robertson agreed with Pastells in a footnote that "Mazua" was actually Limasawa

    2. Cavite Mutiny
    • Naganap noong 20 Enero 1872.
    • Ito ay kilala bilang isang nabigong pag-aalsa.
    • Umaabot sa 200 Filipinong sundalo at manggagawa sa arsenal (gawaan ng sandata) at
    residente sa Cavite ang nakilahok sa pag-aalsa.
    • Nagpaalab ng nasyonalismo ng mga Filipino at nagdulot sa huli ng Himagsikang 1896.
    • Ang pag-aalsa ang ginamit na batayan upang isakdal at bitayin ang tatlong paring Filipino
    na sina Jose Burgos, Jacinto Zamora, at Mariano Gomez (Gomburza).
    • Strangulation – paraan ng pagbali sa leeg na nagbubunsod ng kamatayan

    Mariano Gomez
    • Tinaguriang banal na Pari at nais niyang ipagtanggol ang mga magsasaka.
    • Kura-paroko ng simbahan ng Bacoor.
    • Namatay sa edad na 85.
    • Dahilan: Sapagkat siya ang pinagkukumpisalan ng mga manggagawa sa Cavite.
    Jose Burgos
    • Kilala bilang isang aktibista.
    • Kura-paroko ng Cathedral ng Maynila.
    • Mayroong pitong degree at dalawa sa mga ito ay doctoral degree.
    • Namatay sa edad na 35.
    • Dahilan: Ginamit ang pangalan niya upang manghikayat ng sasama sa gagawing
    pag-aalsa.
    Jacinto Zamora
    • Isang marangal na pari.
    • Malapit kay Padre Burgos.
    • Kura-paroko ng simbahan ng Marikina.
    • Namatay siya sa edad na 36.
    • Siya ay sugarol na pari.
    • Dahilan: Nung hinalughog ang kanyang bahay nahulihan siya ng liham na
    nagsasabi na magdala ng bala at pulbura.

    ❖ Ang nangyaring Cavite Mutiny ay gumising sa nasyonalismo ng mga Pilipino.


    ❖ Ang Cavite Mutiny ay ginamit ng mga Espanyol para maitanim sa puso’t-isipan ng mga
    Pilipino na hindi dapat nila kalabanin ang Espanya.
    ❖ Ang tatlong pari ay ibinenta lamang ng kanilang mga abogado sa hukuman at sinabing
    umamin sila sa pagkakasala.
    ❖ Base sa utos ni Arsobispo Mileton Martinez, pinatunog ang lahat ng mga kampana sa
    oras ng kanilang kamatayan bilang huling paggalang at parangal sa kanila.
    ❖ Ang sinasabing tunay na utak ng pag-aalsa ay ang mga mason na sina Maximo
    Inocencio, Crisanto delos Reyes at Enrique Paraiso.

    3. Retraction of Rizal
    • Jose Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, at Calamba, Laguna, the seventh child of
    Francisco Rizal Mercado and Teodora Alonzo y Quintos. They named the boy Jose
    Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda.
    • The Mercado family were wealthy farmers who rented land from the Dominican religious
    order. Descendants of a Chinese immigrant named Domingo Lam-co, they changed their
    name to Mercado ("market") under the pressure of anti-Chinese feeling among the
    Spanish colonizers.
    • The morning after the execution of Dr. Jose P. Rizal, the newspapers of Manila and Madrid
    recorded the event, and announced that on the eve of his death, Rizal retracted his
    religious errors, abjured freemasonry, and in the last hours of his life had married
    Josephine Bracken.
    • There was no certainly signed letter of retraction, a contradiction in itself for a man so
    strong in conviction as Rizal. There was no marriage with Josephine Bracken, although the
    did live together during his exile in Dapitan.
    • Vicente Balaguer, S.J. is a Jesuit priest who laid the basis for the story that Rizal retracted
    his words and deeds. It was also he who made the claim that he lead the marriage of Jose
    Rizal and Josephine Bracken at 6:15 A.M. on December 30, just minutes before Rizal was
    executed.
    • On May 18, 1935, the lost "original" document of Rizal’s retraction was discovered by the
    archdiocesan archivist Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M. The discovery, instead of ending doubts
    about Rizal’s retraction, has in fact encouraged it because the newly discovered text
    retraction differs significantly from the text found in the Jesuits’ and the Archbishop’s
    copies.
    • And, the fact that the texts of the retraction which appeared in the Manila newspapers
    could be shown to be the exact copies of the "original" but only imitations of it. This means
    that the friars who controlled the press in Manila (for example, La Voz Española) had the
    "original" while the Jesuits had only the imitations.

    4. Cry of Balintawak

    • “Unang sigaw”
    -National Heroes Day
    • Tinyente Manuel Sityar (Hulyo 5,1896)
    -natuklasan ng pamahalaang Espanya ang samahang Katipunan.
    • Agosto 19,1896
    - tumulak sina Bonifacio sa Balintawak para sa isang pagpupulong
    • Kinabukasan, Agosto 20, dumating si Pio Valenzuela.
    • Agosto 21
    - binago ang Kodigo ng Katipunan
    - binagtas ng 500 katipunero kasama si Bonifacio ang Kangkong,Kalookan.
    • Hapon ng Agosto 22, tinungo naman nila Ang Pugad Lawin Kung saan ang tahanan ni
    Juan A. Ramos.
    • Agosto 23, idinaos ang pulong na nagpasiyang simulan ang himagsikan laban sa Espanya
    sa Agosto 29.

    MGA ISPEKULASYON TUNGKOL SA TUNAY NA PETSA AT LUGAR NANGYARI ANG


    UNANG SIGAW
    • Lt. Olegario Diaz
    - Balintawak (Agosto 25,1896)
    • Teodoro Kalaw
    - Kangkong, Balintawak (huling linggo ng Agosto 1896)
    • Santiago Alvarez
    - Bahay Toro ( Agosto 24,1896)
    • Pio Valenzuela
    - Pugad Lawin ( Agosto 23,1896)
    • Gregorio Zaide
    - Balintawak ( Agosto 26,1896)
    • Teodoro Agoncillo
    - Pugad Lawin ( Agosto 23,1896)
    • Noong 1908-1963 idineklara ang unang sigaw sa Balintawak noong Agosto 26 ngunit
    noong 1963 nagpasya Ang gobyerno ng Pilipinas na ilipat ang petsa at lugar sa Agosto
    23 sa Pugad Lawin, Quezon City.
    • Kontra-senyas o Password
    Katipon = Anak ng Bayan
    Kawal = GomBurZa
    Bayani = Rizal

    • Ang sakop ng paksang – Mga isyung panlipunan, pampolitika, pang- ekonomiya, at


    pangkultura sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas o Mandated Topics
    1. Agrarian Reform Policies
    The Philippine Constitution
    2. 1899 (Malolos)
    3. 1935 Constitution
    4. 1973 Constitution
    5. 1987 Constitution
    * Read - reporters’ powerpoint presentations *

    • Nilalaman ng tekstong The KKK and the “Kartilya ng Katipunan” at “Proclamation of the
    Philippine Independence”

    Good Luck & God bless! 😊


    - Ms. Mikay Garcia

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