Fluid Automation - Example of Exam - 6

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Fluid Automation (Mechatronic Engineering)

Example of exam 6
Name: Surname: Id. number:

1. Briefly explain the construction of the bellows actuator. What are its applications?
2. Explain the function of a shuttle valve. Give an application of shuttle valve.
3. Explain the function of a delay-off timer with a suitable circuit (electropneumatics).
4. Explain the working principle of a reed limit switch.
5. Briefly explain how a pneumatic valve can be electrically actuated.
6. Calculations
The following data refer to a test on the flow rate of a pneumatic valve. Supply (P1) and downstream
(P2) absolute pressure are referred. Flow rate is in standard reference conditions (ANR). During the
test supply pressure P1 is constant, temperature is equal to 20°C

P1 = 7 (bar) P2 (bar) Q (l/min ANR)


6.8 100
6.6 330
6.0 460
5.0 600
4.5 660
3.5 720
3.0 740
2.0 750
1.6 750

P1 = 5 (bar) P2 (bar) Q (l/min ANR)


4.5 270
4.0 380
3.5 440
3.0 490
2.5 520
2.0 530
1.5 540
1.2 540
Calculate:

⋅ Conductance C of the valve – (l/s bar ANR) (average value between the two test conditions);

⋅ Critical ratio b of the valve (average value between the two test conditions);

⋅ Nominal flow rate Qn of the valve (l/s ANR);

⋅ Valve coefficient Cv (l/s bar ANR) (average value between the two test conditions).

The pneumatic valve above controls the extension and retraction of a cylinder. The cylinder is a
double acting type with double rod. Neglecting the pressure drop between the valve and the
cylinder, the downstream pressure P2 of the valve can be considered equal to the pressure inside
the cylinder chambers. With P1 = 5 bar and ∆P= 2 bar (across the valve) calculate:

⋅ w, velocity of the rod (m/s);

⋅ t IN (s);

⋅ t OUT (s);

⋅ nc, number of cycles of the cylinder, per unit time (cycle/min).


Data: D= 80 mm (cylinder barrel diameter), d= 22 mm (rod diameter), s= 250 mm (cylinder stroke).

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