Nanquan (Martial Art)

Nanquan (martial art)
Nanquan[b] refers to a classification of Chinese martial arts that

Nanquan
originated south of the Yangtze River of China around late Ming

dynasty and early Qing dynasty. 南拳
Also known Southern Fist
The southern styles of Chinese martial arts are characterized by as
emphasis on "short hitting" and the arm movement, predominantly
in southern styles such as Hung Kuen, Choi Lei Fut, Hak Fu Mun, Focus Striking, weapons
Wuzuquan, Wing Chun, and so on.[2] training
Country of China
origin
Contents Creator No single creator,

attirubted to either:
History and development of Southern Kung Fu
Southern Shaolin Monastery Martial arts
The Concept of Burning (South) Shaolin Temple knowledge of Qi
Jiguang and Yu
Contemporary Wushu Nanquan
Dayou,[1]
See also transformed by
Notes Hongmen
References Members of
Southern
Shaolin
History and development of Southern Monastery
Kung Fu Famous Yu Dayou,[1] Qi

practitioners Jiguang,[a][1] Huang
During the Ming Dynasty, there were Wokou (Japanese pirates) Junhua, Phạm
active at the coast of China. At one point, Generals Qi Jiguang and Quốc Khánh, Willy
Yu Dayou were stationed in Fuqing and Putian in the Central Wang (wushu),
Fujian. The local monks at those areas defended themselves using Angie Tsang
iron rods to repel the pirates. Yu Dayou and Qi Jiguang would
teach martial arts to the local armies and civilians to fight against Parenthood Shaolin Kung Fu
the pirates, with General Qi teaching the use of javelins, knives Descendant
Hung Ga
and other weaponry.[3][4] The fourteenth chapter of General Qi's arts
Jixiao Xinshu includes an modified version of the 32nd posture of Fujian White
the Taizu Changquan. After Qi Jiguang left, the development of Crane
the unarmed fighting method was left for the soldiers.[3] Southern Snake
style
During period of Koxinga, the Hongmen sent five senior generals
to various parts of southern China to spread these techniques. They Lau Gar
went to establish monasteries and to recruit people with anti-Qing Choy Gar
sentiment, and to teach them martial arts and use of weapons. As Li Gar
time went on, these styles would splinter and develop into various
individual styles. Fut Gar
Choy Li Fut
In the fifth year of rule of Wing Chun
Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing
Weng Chun
Dynasty, the Qing army
occupied central Fujian and Mok Gar
Minnan region and would Olympic Wushu (sport)
massacre Southern Ming sport
supporters in Putian, Fuqing
and Yongchun County. Therefore, the "Hongmen martial arts"
travelled in the central Fujian. During the First Opium War, these
martial arts would be known as Hung Kuen style and during the Red
Turban Rebellion (1854–1856), these styles were called
Yongchunquan[c] After the defeat of Li Wenmao in Da Cheng
Rebellion, it was simply referred to as Shaolinquan by the Hongmen
associates. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, these
martial arts became known as Nanquan.
Unarmed fighting instructions as
depicted in Qi Jiguang's Jixiao Southern Shaolin Monastery
Xinshu would form basis of
Nanquan. The Southern Shaolin Monastery is considered a significant
development ground of Shaolin Wushu in Southern China. The Tang
Dynasty branched from the Shaolin Temple of Mount Song to Fujian.
General Qi Jiguang of the Ming Dynasty would later import Taizu Changquan and other martial arts to the
region.
The Concept of Burning (South) Shaolin Temple
The legend about the burning (southern) Shaolin Temple was recorded in a conference catalogue of the
Guangzhou Hongmen Society meeting that took place in the late Qing Dynasty. It is believed that it was
written based on the history of the time and the information acquired by the Hongmen at the end of the
Ming Dynasty.
Contemporary Wushu Nanquan

The contemporary Wushu event Nanquan is a modern style created in 1960[5] derived from martial arts
derived in the Chinese provinces south of the Yangtze River and predominantly those styles popular in
Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Zhejiang.[1] The basis of contemporary Nánquán hail primarily from
traditional Cantonese family styles of 洪
(Hung), 李
(Lei), 劉
(Lau), 莫
(Mok) and
[5]
蔡
(Choi) along with
their more contemporary Kung Fu variants of Choi Lei Fut, Hung Ga and Wing Chun.
Contemporary Nanquan features vigorous, athletic movements with very stable, low stances, extensive
hand techniques and a vocal articulation called fasheng ("release shout") which is the predecessor of the
Japanese and Korean martial arts kiai. Power is driven from sharp waist movement with special emphasis
on fast stance transition to generate power and speed in the arms. Signature hand techniques of Nanquan
are the consecutive downward strikes of the left and right fist called Gua Gai Quan (Gwa Kup Kuen; 挂盖
拳 ),[6] and consecutive upper cut while driving forward called Paoquan (Pow Kuen; 抛拳 ). There are
relatively few kicks in Nanquan although the Tengkong Pantui Cepu ( 腾空盘腿度侧扑 ; "flying cross legs
kick and land on the side") and Li Yu Da Ting ( 鲤鱼打挺直立 ; carp skip-up) are very common in
advanced Nanquan routines. Nanquan also has its own contemporary weapons – the Southern Broadsword
(Nandao; 南刀 ) and Southern Staff (Nangun; 南棍 ),[7] which were included in the International Wushu
competition in 1999.
In 2003, the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) established rules of contemporary Nanquan to make
jumping techniques ( 难度 ) mandatory in its Nanquan routines. Jump kicks spinning in mid-air between 360
and 720 degrees before touching the ground are now used in all IWUF Nanquan forms along with
Stationary Back Flip ( 原地后空翻 ) and Single Step Back Tuck ( 单跳后空翻 ) for advanced IWUF
competitors.
See also
Northern and southern China
Styles of Chinese martial arts
Wushu (sport)
Notes
a. He is a Northern Shaolin Kung Fu (Taizu Changquan) practitioner who contributed to the
development of the southern styles.
b. (Chinese: 南拳 ; pinyin: Nán quán; lit. 'southern fist', or Chinese: 南派
; pinyin: Nán pài; lit.
'southern school')
c. Possibly specifically referring to either Yong Chun White Crane, Wing Chun or Weng Chun.
References
1. Guangxi Wang (2012). Chinese Kung Fu. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-05-2118-
664-3.
2. Thomas A. Green & Joseph R. Svinth (2010). Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of
History and Innovation. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-15-9884-244-9. Two volumes.
3. Guangxi Wang (2012). Chinese Kung Fu. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-05-2118-
664-3.
4. From Jixiao Xinshu.
5. Sensei/Renshi Nathan Chlumsky (2015). Inside Kungfu: Chinese Martial Arts Encyclopedia.
Lulu.com. ISBN 978-13-2911-942-0.
6. "Wushu Nanquan Application – Guagaiquan" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=307KEPT
TUt0). UMBC Wushu. 5 March 2015. Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20
211221/307KEPTTUt0) from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 2016-10-09.
7. DK (2013). The Sports Book (https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781465414540). Dorling
Kindersley Ltd. ISBN 978-14-0935-033-0.
Benjamin N. Judkins & Jon Nielson (2015). The Creation of Wing Chun: A Social History of
the Southern Chinese Martial Arts (https://books.google.com/books?id=H7s0CgAAQBAJ&q
=Leung+Ting,+Roots+and+Branches+of+Wing+Tsun+google+books). SUNY Press.
ISBN 978-1438456959.
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Nanquan (martial art)

Nanquan[b] refers to a classification of Chinese martial arts that

originated south of the Yangtze River of China around late Ming

Contents Creator No single creator,

Kung Fu Famous Yu Dayou,[1] Qi

The Concept of Burning (South) Shaolin Temple

Contemporary Wushu Nanquan

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nanquan_(martial_art)&oldid=1061444463"

This page was last edited on 21 December 2021, at 19:16 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License;

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