Magnetic Circuits Design
Magnetic Circuits Design
Magnetic Circuits Design
The conditioning of power flow in power electronics system is done through the
electromagnetic elements (Inductor and Transformers).
Leakage flux is the portion of flux that does not link both the coil.
To achieve improvement over the air-coil, a magnetic core can be
introduced. In addition to its high permeability, the advantages of the
magnetic core over the air-core are that the magnetic path length (MPL) is
well defined
There is a limit as to how much magnetic flux can be generated in a
magnetic material before the magnetic core goes into saturation, and the
coil reverts back to an air-core.
Air Gap
If an air gap is included in a magnetic circuit, which is otherwise composed
of low reluctivity material like iron, almost all of the reluctance in the
circuit will be at the gap, because the reluctivity of air is much greater than
that of a magnetic material.
Controlling the size of the air gap controls the reluctance
Air Gaps
In transformer design a small air gap lg , inserted into magnetic path, will
lower and stabilize the effective permeability,
The fringing flux effect is a function of gap dimension, the shape of pole
face and the shape, size and location of the winding. Its net effect is to
Shorten the air gap.
Fringing flux decreases the total reluctance of the magnetic path and,
therefore, increases the inductance by a factor F to a value greater than
the one calculated.
Fringing Flux, F
The winding length, or the G dimension of the core, has a big influence on the
fringing flux.
At low levels of excitation, the exciting current is almost square, due to the
flux talking the high permeability path by jumping to the adjacent
lamination. As the excitation increases, the adjoining lamination will
start to saturate , and the exciting current will increase and become
nonlinear. When the adjacent lamination approaches saturation, the
permeability drops. It is then the flux will go in a straight line and cross
the minute airgap.