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    Chemistry Investigatory Project

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Chauhan
    The document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Ajay Chauhan on phenol-formaldehyde resins. It discusses the formation and structure of phenol-formaldehyde resins through a step-growth polymerization reaction. The initial reaction forms a hydroxymethyl phenol that can then react to form methylene or ether bridges, linking phenol units. The document then describes the synthesis of phenol formaldehyde resin (Bakelite) through the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of an acidic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid, yielding a pink mass of the polymer. Safety precautions for the reaction are also noted.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chemistry Investigatory Project

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Chauhan
    400 views10 pages
    The document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Ajay Chauhan on phenol-formaldehyde resins. It discusses the formation and structure of phenol-formaldehyde resins through a step-growth polymerization reaction. The initial reaction forms a hydroxymethyl phenol that can then react to form methylene or ether bridges, linking phenol units. The document then describes the synthesis of phenol formaldehyde resin (Bakelite) through the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of an acidic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid, yielding a pink mass of the polymer. Safety precautions for the reaction are also noted.

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    Class 12 chemistry investigatory project

    Original Title

    Chemistry Investigatory project

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    The document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Ajay Chauhan on phenol-formaldehyde resins. It discusses the formation and structure of phenol-formaldehyde resins through a step-growth polymerization reaction. The initial reaction forms a hydroxymethyl phenol that can then react to form methylene or ether bridges, linking phenol units. The document then describes the synthesis of phenol formaldehyde resin (Bakelite) through the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of an acidic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid, yielding a pink mass of the polymer. Safety precautions for the reaction are also noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    400 views10 pages

    Chemistry Investigatory Project

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Chauhan
    The document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Ajay Chauhan on phenol-formaldehyde resins. It discusses the formation and structure of phenol-formaldehyde resins through a step-growth polymerization reaction. The initial reaction forms a hydroxymethyl phenol that can then react to form methylene or ether bridges, linking phenol units. The document then describes the synthesis of phenol formaldehyde resin (Bakelite) through the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of an acidic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid, yielding a pink mass of the polymer. Safety precautions for the reaction are also noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    SUBMITTED BY:

    Ajay Chauhan
    Class :- XII ‘A’
    Roll No. :- 11

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • Formation and structure
    • Phenol-formaldehyde resins, as a
    group, are formed by a step-growth
    polymerization reaction that can be
    either acid- or base-catalyzed.
    • Phenol is reactive towards
    formaldehyde at
    the ortho and para sites (sites 2, 4
    and 6) allowing up to 3 units of
    formaldehyde to attach to the ring.
    The initial reaction is formation of a
    hydroxymethyl phenol:
    • HOC6H5 + CH2O → HOC6H4CH2OH

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • The hydroxymethyl group is capable
    of reacting with either another free
    ortho or para site, or with another
    hydroxymethyl group. The first
    reaction gives a methylene bridge,
    and the second forms an ether bridge:

    • HOC6H4CH2OH + HOC6H5 →
    (HOC6H4)2CH2 + H2O

    • The diphenol (HOC6H4)2CH2 is


    called bisphenol F. Bisphenol-F can
    further link generating tri- and tetra-
    and higher phenol oligomers.

    • 2 HOC6H4CH2OH → (HOC6H4CH2)2O
    + H 2O

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE
    RESIN
    (BAKELITE)

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • Beaker
    • Phenol
    • Conc. HCl
    • Dropper
    • Water
    • Rod
    • Filter paper
    • Formaldehyde
    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • Phenol resins are condensation
    polymerization products of
    phenolic derivatives with
    aldehyde such as formaldehyde.
    • Most important member of this
    class is Bakelite, phenol
    formaldehyde resin.
    • Its prepared by condensing phenol
    with formaldehyde in the presence
    of acidic or basic catalyst.

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • Take 5 ml of glacial acetic acid
    and 2.5 ml of 40% formaldehyde
    in a beaker.
    • Add 2.5g of phenol into it.
    • Cover the beaker with watch glass
    or filter paper.
    • Add few drops of HCl to it and
    place it on hot plate.
    • Pink mass will be formed in the
    beaker.
    • Wash, dry and weigh the product
    formed.
    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • Pink mass i.e. phenol
    formaldehyde (Bakelite) is
    yielded.

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT
    • The reaction is sometimes
    vigorous and it is better to be little
    away from the beaker while
    adding conc. HCl.
    • Phenol should be stirred in the
    formaldehyde solution for at least
    10 mints to make it a saturated
    solution.
    • Conc. hydrochloric acid should be
    added drop wise carefully.

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
    PROJECT

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