Chemistry Investigatory Project
Chemistry Investigatory Project
Chemistry Investigatory Project
Ajay Chauhan
Class :- XII ‘A’
Roll No. :- 11
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• Formation and structure
• Phenol-formaldehyde resins, as a
group, are formed by a step-growth
polymerization reaction that can be
either acid- or base-catalyzed.
• Phenol is reactive towards
formaldehyde at
the ortho and para sites (sites 2, 4
and 6) allowing up to 3 units of
formaldehyde to attach to the ring.
The initial reaction is formation of a
hydroxymethyl phenol:
• HOC6H5 + CH2O → HOC6H4CH2OH
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• The hydroxymethyl group is capable
of reacting with either another free
ortho or para site, or with another
hydroxymethyl group. The first
reaction gives a methylene bridge,
and the second forms an ether bridge:
• HOC6H4CH2OH + HOC6H5 →
(HOC6H4)2CH2 + H2O
• 2 HOC6H4CH2OH → (HOC6H4CH2)2O
+ H 2O
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE
RESIN
(BAKELITE)
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• Beaker
• Phenol
• Conc. HCl
• Dropper
• Water
• Rod
• Filter paper
• Formaldehyde
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• Phenol resins are condensation
polymerization products of
phenolic derivatives with
aldehyde such as formaldehyde.
• Most important member of this
class is Bakelite, phenol
formaldehyde resin.
• Its prepared by condensing phenol
with formaldehyde in the presence
of acidic or basic catalyst.
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• Take 5 ml of glacial acetic acid
and 2.5 ml of 40% formaldehyde
in a beaker.
• Add 2.5g of phenol into it.
• Cover the beaker with watch glass
or filter paper.
• Add few drops of HCl to it and
place it on hot plate.
• Pink mass will be formed in the
beaker.
• Wash, dry and weigh the product
formed.
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• Pink mass i.e. phenol
formaldehyde (Bakelite) is
yielded.
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
• The reaction is sometimes
vigorous and it is better to be little
away from the beaker while
adding conc. HCl.
• Phenol should be stirred in the
formaldehyde solution for at least
10 mints to make it a saturated
solution.
• Conc. hydrochloric acid should be
added drop wise carefully.
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT