AN ASSESSMENT OF VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL SCHOOL

ABILITIES OF THE GRADUATING STUDENTS

OF CAMARIN HIGH SCHOOL S.Y. 2010-2011

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences
University of Caloocan City
Tulip St., Area C. Camarin, Caloocan City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Psychology Major in Guidance and Counseling

by

Acojedo, Arnel M.
Delos Reyes, Judel C.
Ibe, Lady Jovelle M.
Ondag, Michael P.
Ramos, Quennie Claire M.

April 2011
 CERTIFICATION

This thesis entitled “AN ASSESSMENT OF VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL

SCHOOL ABILITY OF THE GRADUATING STUDENTS OF CAMARIN HIGH
SCHOOL S.Y. 2010-2011” prepared and submitted by, Acojedo, Arnel M.,
Delos Reyes, Judel C., Ibe, Lady Jovelle M., Ondag Michael P., Ramos Quennie
Claire M., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE IN PSYCHOLOGY MAJOR IN GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING has
been examined and recommended for Oral Examination.

Evaluation Committee

CARL DELLOMOS
Adviser

RENATO RESURRECCION CHERRY ANN FRANCISCO

Member Member
________________________________________________________________

APPROVAL

Approved by the Panel on Oral Examination February 28, 2011 with the
grade of ___.

BERNADETTE BOBIS-ENRIQUEZ, DPA

Chairman

RENATO RESURRECCION CHERRY ANN FRANCISCO

Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor

of Science in Psychology Major in Guidance and Counseling.

BERNADETTE BOBIS-ENRIQUEZ, DPA

 Head Psychology Department

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to send their heartfelt gratitude to the following

individuals who serve as an instrument and who have contributed much in

improving and making this research possible.

To the researcher’s thesis adviser, Professor Carl O. Dellomos, for

sharing his knowledge and skills to the researchers and for the never ending

motivation and guidance he rendered.

To the panels of examiners, the beloved chairman Dr. Bernadette Bobis-

Enriquez, to Professor Renato Resurreccion and Professor Cherry Ann

Francisco in their constructive criticisms and suggestions on improving this study.

To Mrs. Merly Sandoval, Coordinator of Mathematics department of

Camarin High School and especially to the School principal Dr. Juanito Victoria in

giving the researchers permission to conduct their survey.

To the parents of the researchers, Mr. and Mrs. Acojedo, Mrs. Delos

Reyes, Mrs. Ibe, Mrs. Ondag, and Mr. and Mrs. Ramos for their understanding

and support.

Lastly, to the Almighty God for giving the researchers wisdom, knowledge

and strength throughout the research, without him this study will not be possible.
 ABSTRACT

Title : An Assessment of Verbal and Non-Verbal School Abilities of

the Graduating Students of Camarin High School S.Y. 2010-
2011.

Researchers : Acojedo, Arnel M.

Delos Reyes, Judel C.
Ibe, Lady Jovelle M.
Ondag, Michael P.
Ramos, Quennie Claire M.

Degree : Bachelor of Science in Psychology

Specialized in Guidance and Counseling

Institution : University of Caloocan City

Year : 2011

Adviser : Mr. Carl Dellomos

Statement of the Problem

The aim of the study is to determine the Levels Verbal and Non-Verbal

School Ability and as well as the readiness and preparedness of the graduating

high school students of Camarin High School for the school year 2010-2011 in

entering the tertiary level of education.

Research Methodology

The method of this study is Descriptive Type of Research. According to

Allan Valdez (2010), Descriptive Research is concerned with description of data

and characteristics about a population. The goal is acquisition or factual,

accurate and systematic data that can be used in averages frequencies and

similar statistical calculation.

Findings

In relation to the results obtained from the statistical treatments, presented

below are the findings of the study.

1. Majority of the respondents has an Average School Ability in terms of Verbal

Comprehension, Verbal Reasoning and Figural Reasoning.

2. Majority of the respondents has an Above Average School Ability in terms of

Quantitative Reasoning.

3. 19.61 % of the respondents have a Below Average School Ability in terms of

Verbal Ability where 23.53 % of the respondents have a Below Average School

Ability in Verbal Comprehension, and 17.65% of the respondents were Below

Average in Verbal Reasoning.

4. 1.96% of the respondents were Below Average in terms of their Non-Verbal

School Ability where 11.76% of the respondents were Below Average in Figural

Reasoning and 1.96% of the respondents were Below Average in Quantitative

Reasoning.

Conclusions

Based on the findings yielded in the study, the following conclusions were

made, presented below are the conclusions of the study.

1. The Fourth Year High School students of Camarin High School for the S.Y.

2010-2011 has an Average classification of Verbal Ability.

2. The Fourth Year High School students of Camarin High School for the S.Y.

2010-2011 has an Average classification of Non-Verbal Ability.

3. The Fourth Year High School students of Camarin High School for the S.Y.

2010-2011 has Average classification of School Ability.

Recommendations

1. To enhance the Quantitative Reasoning of the graduating students of Camarin

High School, the researchers’ recommend the use of mnemonic system

specifically in teaching Mathematics subjects because it promotes interest, better

performance, mastery and retention of concepts. It was also an effective

instrument for the students to be able to memorize concepts and formulas.

2. The researchers recommend that the educators must be fully aware of one of

the main goals of education in any level to help students to develop their ability to

think and must be able to comprehend, to think critically, to synthesize, to relate

and to integrate.

3. The researchers recommend that in enhancing the comprehension of the

students there should be a method used where the students involved in activities

that would make them to use strategies in checking their understanding and

monitoring their comprehension.

4. The researchers recommend that to enhance the Quantitative Reasoning of

the students is to enhance first the Verbal Comprehension of the students.

According to some studies the failure on the part of the pupils to solve arithmetic

problems is due to poor reading and subsequently in ability to understand the

problem.

5. The researchers recommend to conduct a seminar entitled “How to cope with

the Difficulties in Entering College Level: A Survival Guide” to help students and

to give knowledge or information about what to expect in college.

6. The educators must make verbal directions and explanations more concrete

and concise that the students understand well.

7. Guidance Counselors should have a close conversation and make programs

like remedial classes, tutorial session and summer classes for the students who
are having difficulties in Academic specially in English, Math, and Science

subjects where the Verbal Ability and Non-Verbal Ability may varies. The

guidance counselors must encourage the students who have a low academic

performance to join in the different clubs and programs that the school is offering,

such as English club, Mathematics club, Science club, MTAP, etc, that have the

same goal in enhancing the students’ performance in the said subjects.

8. Educators should make sure that their prepared lesson plans, topics, modules

and activities sustained the needs of the students in learning new things that

nowadays are being practice. The Educators should also have an assessment

for the students who are having difficulties in their academic subjects basically in

the English, Mathematics and Science in maintaining the quality education of

the school and as well as the country.

9. The school principal should make sure that the problems in school especially

the graduating students dealing with low school performance and the

implemented recommendation must be supervised and evaluated.

10. The Future B.S Psychology students should conduct more studies regarding

School Abilities of the students to contribute more to the scope of the study.

Moreover, these studies should be compiled and published.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
APPROVAL SHEET …………………………………………………………. i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………………….. ii

ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………… iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………….. iv

LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………… vi

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………... vi

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction ……………………………………………………. 1

Background of the Study …………………………………….. 2

Theoretical Framework ……………………………………….. 5

Conceptual Framework ……………………………………….. 6

Statement of the Problem …………………………………….. 8

Scope and Limitations of the Study …………………………. 8

Significance of the Study ……………………………………… 9

Definition of Terms …………………………………………….. 11

Chapter 2 REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Foreign Literature ……………………………………………… 13

Local Literature ………………………………………………… 19

 Foreign Studies ………………………………………………… 22

Local Studies …………………………………………………… 27

Synthesis of Reviewed Literature and Studies ………………. 35

Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Method of research ……………………………………………… 39

Population, Sample Size and Sampling Technique …………. 40

Description of Respondents ……………………………………. 40

Research Instrument ……………………………………………. 41

Data-Gathering Procedures ……………………………………. 41

Statistical Treatment of Data …………………………………… 42

Chapter 4 PRESENTATIONS, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Profile of the Respondents …………………………………….. 43

Age ……………………………………………………….. 43

Gender …………………………………………………… 43

Levels of Verbal and Non-Verbal School Ability ……………. 44

Levels of Verbal Ability ………………………………………… 44

Levels of Verbal Comprehension …………………….. 45

Levels of Verbal Reasoning …………………………… 46

Levels of Non-Verbal School Ability …………………………. 47

Levels of Figural Reasoning …………………………. 47

Levels of Quantitative Reasoning …………………… 48

Levels of Total School Ability ………………………………… 49

Chapter 5 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS
 Summary ………………………………………………………. 50

Findings ………………………………………………………… 51

Conclusions ……………………………………………………. 52

Recommendations ……………………………………………. 52

BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES/WORKS CITED ……………………….. 55

APPENDICES ………………………………………………………………… 57
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1.1 Frequency distribution of distribution According to Age 43

1.1 Frequency distribution of distribution According to Gender 43

2.1 Frequency Distribution of Verbal Ability 44

2.1.1 Frequency Distribution of Verbal Comprehension 45

2.1.2 Frequency Distribution of Verbal Reasoning 46

2.2 Frequency Distribution of Non-Verbal Ability 47

2.2.1 Frequency Distribution of Figural Reasoning 47

2.2.2 Frequency Distribution of Quantitative Reasoning 48

3 Frequency Distribution of Total School Ability 49

4 Item of Specification

LIST OR FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Locale of the Study 4

2 Conceptual Paradigm 7
 Chapter 1

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

“Tell me and I forget, show me and I remember, teach me, involve me and

I learn” – Anonymous

The proverb expresses that using the verbal symbolism particularly

spoken words are not that effective, since the learner tends to forget with picture

illustration or other instructional material, learning is enhanced making the

learner remember what has been taught. The more senses involved in the

learning process, the easier it is for the students to learn. In relation to the School

Learning Abilities, particularly with the Verbal and Non-Verbal abilities the

students must be exposed in different subjects wherein these abilities are

prioritized or practiced to develop such abilities for school performance.

The focus of today’s education is to provide the students with the tools

that are needed to lead and excel in the 21 st century. It is then necessary to arm

the students with a strong foundation of different subjects that involved recalling

words and numbers, defining words, following directions, classifying, establishing

sequence, solving arithmetic problems and completing analogies that are

included in the school ability that the student must have.

Chapter 2

RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter includes the related foreign and local literature; foreign and

local studies that were able to give more information and support in this study.

Foreign Literature

Klausmeier (1961) as cited by Aquino (1997) he states that another way of

looking at learning outcomes is relate them to human abilities. It is a schematic

arrangement of many possible human abilities and relates outcome of learning

under the cognitive domain.

Guilford (1968) as cited by Aquino (1997) defined ability as a union of an

operation, content and a product based on his Informational theory.

The process of cognitive domain are perceiving, remembering,

discriminating, integrating, abstracting, generalizing, evaluating, imagining,

thinking, problem solving, inventing and creating while the contents are figural,

semantic, behavioral and symbolic. The outcomes in the process and contents

of cognitive domain are facts, concepts, skills, and performances connected with
such curriculum area as Language Arts, Social Studies, Science, Mathematics,

Foreign Languages and others.

Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes the method that used in this research; the research

design, the instrument and other statistical tools that were being used in

interpreting and analyzing the gathered data.

Method of Research

The method of this study Descriptive Type of Research, According to Allan

Valdez (2010) Descriptive type of Research is concerned with description of data

and characteristics about a population. The goal is acquisition or factual,

accurate and systematic data that can be used in averages frequencies and

similar statistical calculation.

Population, Sample Size and Sampling Technique

The target respondents of this research were the graduating students of

Camarin High School for the school year 2010-2011. The total population of the

graduating students both morning and afternoon session is 1,395, where 311 is
the sample size, since that the researchers were not allowed by the principal to

have 311 total number of students the researchers decided to cover fourth year

Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of data obtained

through Descriptive Type of Research. It analyzes and answers the questions

stated in Chapter 1, it also reveals the outcome of the study through the use of

the statistical techniques.

1. What was the Demographic Profile in terms of Age and Gender?

Table 1.1
Frequency Distribution of Respondents According to Age and Gender

Age Frequency (f) Percentage %

14 1 1.96%
15 26 50.98%
16 22 43.14%
17 2 3.92%
Total 51 100 %
Gender
Male 21 41.18%
Female 30 58.82%
Total 51 100%
 The table 1.1 illustrates the distribution of the Age and Gender of the

respondents that consist of 15 years old with a percentage of 50.98, twenty

two 16 years old with a percentage of 43.14 and two 17 years old students with a

Chapter 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This study was able to come up with some important results regarding the

Verbal and Non Verbal ability.

This study presents the summary, findings, conclusions and

recommendations in manner follow the order of each specific problem stated.

Summary

This research utilized a Descriptive type of Research; the respondents of

this study were the graduating fourth year high school students enrolled during

the school year 2010-2011 at Camarin High School, since the researchers were

not allowed to have a 311total number of respondents the researchers chose

section one who represented the entire graduating high school students for the

school year 2010-2011 to determine their School Ability and as well as their

preparedness in entering the tertiary level of education.

The researchers used Otis Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT) Seventh

Edition. Through the use of OLSAT which measured the School Learning Ability
in particular to their Verbal and Non- Verbal ability of the respondents, data were

obtained.