All Student Engagement For Excellence (ASEE)

All Student Engagement for Excellence
(ASEE)
or
Enhancing Student Performance in
Engineering Mechanics Course
Using Mathcad Interactive Tutorial
Assessment
Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi

[email protected] Edinburg, Texas
Ramalingam Radhakrishnan
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Prairie View A & M University, Texas
Reviewer's Observed Focus of the Paper:
Primary Goals
1. Presenting a systematic five-fold plan for
enhancing student engagement and performance
2. Showing how student problem-solving skills

will be enhanced and student performance will
be improved
Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference
Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX
Copyright  2022, American Society for Engineering Education
“His Story” The Bean Story 1953
My Mom's advice to me, a failing freshman in
high school, to do better.
“Son, just as I soak mung beans the night
before, for grinding them the next morning to
prepare your favorite pancakes, soak the
next day's lesson in your mind by reading it
from the textbook, for recalling it during the
class time. You will have sure success.”
I did. Now my mom's advice is made easy for
“All A's by All” with a Five-fold Plan
through Problem Solving Skill Development
Vector Rotation Theorem (SIM3)

(Generalized Sine Law / Lami's Theorem)
Five SIMS
Ten Basic Planar Vector Diagrams /FBDs
IILA
MITs
(Mathcad Interactive Tutorials)
Development of Five SIMS
(Simplified Integrated Methods of
Solution)
Plane Vector Classification for SIMS:
Unit vector e with polar angle (θ): e(θ)
C1. Known vector

A = 5 e(120)
C2. Unknown vector

R = R e(θR)
C3. Line vector

B = B e(70)
C4. Arc vector

C = 4 e(θC)
A. For a System or Free Body Diagram with
two unknowns: M+D, D&D, M&M, D&M
.
SIM1: Eliminates direction by squaring and

adding the XY Component Equations
SIM2: Gets direction through an inverse

trigonometric function of known components.
SIM3: Eliminates the magnitude of a vector

with a known direction in the perpendicular
(Sine) component equation to that vector.
resulting in an equation with a single unknown.
Generalized Sine Law

Generalized Lami's Theorem.

.
B. For a System or Free Body Diagram with
three unknowns:
SIM4: Eliminates an unknown quantity by

equating two different expressions for it to get
an equation with a single other unknown.
SIM5: Eliminates the magnitudes of two line

vectors in a canonical moment (CM) about
their intersection called CM Center to get the
CM Equation with a single third unknown.

Ten Types of Basic Systems or FBDs
A. Systems or FBDs with Two Unknowns
T1(M+D): R e(θR) = A e(θA) + B e(θB) + ..

SIMSolution: SIM 1: R = (RX2 + RY2)1/2
SIM2: θR = acos(RX / R)*(RY / |RY|)

T2(D&D) C e(θC) = A e(θA) + B e(θB);
Let (θB – θA) = α
SIM1: C2 = A2 + B2 + 2AB cosα
α1 = acos[ (C2 – A2 – B2) / 2AB]

α2 = - α 1
.
θB1 = (θA + α1)
θB2 = (θA + α2) Choose one
SIM2: θC = acos(CX / C)*(CY / |CY|)

(Continued)
T3(M&M): A e(θA) + B e(θB) = C e(θC)+ ...
SIM3 to B: 0
A sin(θA – θB) + B sin(θB – θB) = C sin(θC- θB)
B is eliminated.
A = C sin(θC- θB) / sin(θA – θB)
SIM3 to A: A is Eliminated B is found.
T4(D&M): A e(θA) + B e(θB) = C e(θC)+ ...
SIM3 to B: B is eliminated θA is found
SIM3 to A: A is eliminated B is found

(Continued)
B. FBDs with three Force Vectors and
three Unknowns
T5(M+D, M): 1. Pin reaction R e(θR)
2. A line reaction A and
3. A known vertical force
SIM2 Reaction Angle θR.

Now T5 FBD reduces to T3
SIM3 to A : R is solved
SIM3 to R : A is solved
T6(D&A, B): 1. Unknown angle α
2. Force A is f1(α)
3. Force B is f2(α)
SIM4 Equating expressions for α,

solve angle α.
Now T6 reduces to T3
SIM3 to B: A is solved.
SIM3 to A: B is solved.
(Continued)
.
C. Multi-Force Systems three unknowns
C1. Moment M of A Force F (θF) in XY plane

F(θF)
f r
PA Lo
.
θL
( θ ) A
r r
+ PAL of F
C rL
AL
C1. Moment of A Force
Lever angle θL = (θF – θr)
Lever Arm rL = r sinθL
MCA = Lever Arm * Force = rL* F

C2. Moment with Composite Arm r = CG
(75)
AL1 C + rL G
L
r W
(30)
2.0
G
1.2
A GL2
C2. Composite
(255)
Armed Force
C is moment Center, W = W e(270)
Composite Arm = Arm1 + Arm2 `
CG = CA + AG (Chain Rule)
rL = 2 sin(270 – 255) + 1.2 sin(270 – 30)
= - 0.522
Mathcad Calculation. Units can be chosen.

C. Multi-force Systems or FBDs
T7(F1 F2 F3): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2
Eliminates them and F3 is found.
Now T7 becomes T3
T3 is solved by SIM3 applied twice.
T8(F1 F2 L): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2

Eliminates them and L is found.
Now T8 becomes T3
T9(F1 F2 θ): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2

Eliminates them and θ is found. `
Now T9 becomes T3
T10(F1 F2 C): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2

Eliminates them and C is found.
Now T10 becomes T3
Five-fold Plan (FFP)
1. First Fold: Read (A Square Beam with Unit
Depth and Unit Leaning Strength)
Class-book discarding “Unessential Topics and
Inefficient Methods” we gathered along, during
evolution of the subject, is developed.
2. Second Fold: Watch (“2 Square Beams”

glued one over the other. Strength is 22 = 4
Units.) 15 minute YouTube review video.
3. Third Fold: Apply (“3 Square Beam”.

Strength is 32 = 9 Units) Prep Tutorial with
Progressive Mathcad SIMHints & SIMSolutions
4. Fourth Fold: Attend (“4 Square Beam”.

Strength 42 = 16 Units.) Lecture & Discussion
5. Fifth Fold: Practice (“5 Square Beam”:

Strength is 52 = 25 Units) Practice makes one
perfect. Class Tutorials towards
All A's by All
Essential Engineering Mechanics
with
Simplified Integrated Methods of Solution
(EEM with SIMS)
2.7 km Godavari Arch Bridge at RajaMahendraVaram, AP, India by focus TV, Mar 26, 2017
Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi
Notion Press
Reading Page 4 of Unit 1 “Systems with Two Unknowns”, Class 1 “Introduction” from
“EEM with SIMS by Malladi” followed by “Classic Timoshenko Problem & SIMSolution”
8 Developments Leading to Essential Engineering Mechanics with SIMS and IILA
17th Century: Isaac Newton, a native of England developed the three laws of motion
for a particle moving in a straight line / single dimension (1D) for the subject “Mechanics”.
18th Century: Bernard Lamy, a native of France (Lami's Theorem Fame), developed
parallelogram law of forces for two forces in a plane (2D Space) on a particle at rest.
19th Century: J.W. Gibbs, native of USA and O. Heaviside, native of UK, independently
developed vectors for 3 dimensional space (3D) to study the laws of electro-magnetism found by
J.C. Maxwell, a native of Scotland.
20th Century: Stephen Timoshenko, a native of Russia, applied the mechanics to
engineering problems and as a professor at Stanford University, USA came to be known as the
Father of Modern Engineering Mechanics with the publication of his classic book on engineering
mechanics in 1937 with D.H. Young. However they did not use the vector notation in their book,
which is still in use with its later editions.
J.L. Meriam pioneered the use of vector notation in engineering mechanics in US with his
textbook in 1952, followed by Beer & Johnston in 1956, Irving H. Shames in 1959 and many
others, with their later editions now. However books with cartesian vector notation did not get
popular in India except at Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and the like. The author taught
engineering mechanics using vector notation at IIT Madras, between 1965 and 1973. The author
spent about 40 years in US, doing R&D work in mechanisms for computers, ATMs, railways and
NASA. He also taught high school (ASMS) to graduate courses at several US institutions.
21st Century: After his return to India, the author was inspired by a classic Timoshenko
statics problem with six unknowns, he came across in a semester exam during 2015. He found
that the same had been asked earlier in several Indian University semester exams. The traditional
textbooks and guidebooks provided solutions to this and other similar problems by formulating
component equations along cartesian axes, resulting in simultaneous or convoluted equations
with several unknowns. This procedure usually involved a lot of computing steps and lengthy
calculations. When the author applied the concept of perpendicular component equation that he
developed at Tuskegee University in early 1990s (unpublished), for the kinematic analysis of
mechanisms, with its extensions, the Timoshenko problem was reduced to solving six equations,
each with only one unknown. Five Simplified Integrated Methods of Solution (SIMS) with an
innovative polar unit vector notation, were developed. The ten types of basic planar vector
systems identified by the author, in 2018, are solved with the Five SIMS with least computing.
The Class-book provides reading material for 60 classes at 10 per Unit, in 6 Units.
IILA (Integrated Instruction, Learning and Assessment) is achieved with a Five-fold Plan.
1. Class Reviews in OpenOffice and interactive Mathcad formats
2. YouTube Class Reviews (15 minutes each) by the author
3. Prep Tutorial Set for each class to prepare for the Class
4. Discussion Videos (15 min) by the author for independent and home-study students
5. Class Tutorial Sets for each class for class discussion and homework
Mathcad Assessment is integrated in all Tutorials.
Unit 2 EEM with SIMS by Malladi Class 6 - P18
Systems with Three Unknowns FBD T9 Reading Page2
Example 25. The Classic Timoshenko Problem Solved Using All the Five SIMS.
A rigid bar AB with rollers of weights P = 40 N at end A and Q = 80 N at end B is placed
inside a circular ring in a vertical plane as shown in the system space diagram. Radius of the ring
and the length AB are such that the radii AC and BC make a right angle at the center of the ring
C. Neglecting friction and the weight of the bar AB, prove that the angle ψ, AB makes with the
horizontal is [(α – β) / 2]. Find α, β & ψ; the contact (normal) reactions NA & NB at A and B
.
and the axial compressive force S in the bar AB. P C Q
The author was inspired in 2015, by this classic
A α
homework problem by Timoshenko and Young in their β
original textbook of 1937. This is a tough problem that θ B
was repeatedly asked in several university exams in India.
The traditional textbooks and guides provided lengthy
solutions, for this and similar problems, requiring several
steps. Based on his earlier unpublished work and ASEE System Space Diagram
2019 Conference paper on Five Simplified Integrated
Methods of Solution (SIMS), this class-book “Essential C
Engineering Mechanics (EEM)” is written. R
α
β β R
Solution: Let us first prove the expression for ψ.
A ψ α
SIM4: Equating expressions for the same quantity.
ψ
In Isosceles Δ ABC, AC = BC, Angle B = Angle A B
So (α – ψ) = (β + ψ); (α – β) = 2 ψ; ψ = (α – β) /2
Proved. Isosceles Triangle ABC T6
FBD A is T9 : Canonical Moment Center is C.
SIM5: Σ MC = CAL * 40 N + CAL * 80 N = 0
(R sin α ) 40 – (R cos α) 80 = 0 R sin α C R cos α
40 sin α = 80 cos α; tan α = 2; α = 63.4o Ans.1
40 N
AL
R + BL
α + β = 90o, β = 90 – 63.4, β = 26.6o Ans.2 R 80 N
A α
ψ = (α – β) /2, ψ = 18.4 o
Ans.3 β =0
B
Force Equilibrium Equation: NA (90 - α )
NA e(26.6) + NB e(116.6) + (40 +80) e(270) = 0
SIM3 to NB (116.6) NA = 53.73 N Ans.4 FBD A T9
to NA (26.6) NB = 107.3 N Ans.5 NB (180 - α)
FBD B is T1: Solved by SIM1 and SIM2 40 N

ΣF = S e(θS) + 107.3 e(116.6) + 80 e(270) = 0 S(θS) B
VLE T1: S e(θS) = - 107.3 e(116.6) - 80 e(270) =0
SX = 48.04 N, SY = - 15.94 N,
SIM1: S = (SX2 + SY2) = 50.62 N Ans.6
SIM2: θS = acos(SX/S)*(SY/|SY|) = - 18.4o Check Ans.3 FBD B T1 107.3 (116.6) N
Sample Mathcad Interactive Tutorial Question

Sample Mathcad Interactive Tutorial Problem Page A (PPA)

Sample Mathcad Interactive Tutorial Problem Page B (PPB)

Integrated Instruction, Learning and
Assessment (IILA) for All A's by All
Course Exam
“All A's by All” grading:
“A” is 108 marks out of 120 (90% Score)
First Sitting A1 10/10 or US A
Second Sitting A2 9/10 B+
Third Sitting A3 8/10 B
Fourth and
Later Sittings A4 7/10 C
This grading system will motivate the student to

practice from class 1 to get an A1 course grade!
By choosing to repeat the course with previous
A4, the highest grade one can get is A2!

Conclusion and Acknowledgment
This is a Revolutionary Exam Design (RED)

for “All A's by All” through class-books with
SIMS and Five-fold Plan. When globally
adopted, a cumulative record of A's will
replace all the current standardized tests.
The present textbooks serve as references.
The authors feel grateful to the ASEE reviewer

who gave “wonderful” comments to improve
the value and focus of this paper, referring to
Lord, Susan M. et al, “Work in Progress:
Progress of the NSF RED Revolution.” (2018),
and concluding
“This work is relevant and builds on the
premise of many scholarly works regarding
self-regulated study, metacognitive strategies,
effective learning techniques and more.”
Thank You, One and All

for
Reading (FFP1) and Attending (FFP3)
Biographies
Dr. Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi, author

Born August 1, 1942, Andhra Pradesh, India
BE (ME) 1965, Osmania University.
MTech (Machine Design - 1969)
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras
PhD (Mechanisms - 1979) Oklahoma State Univ.
Teaching, Industry and Research & Development

experience in both India and US
“Import Substitution Award - Republic Day 1974”

by the Government of India for the
Development of a Hydraulic Vibration Machine for
India's Space Program.
Designed Computer, ATM & Railway Mechanisms.
Two summers at NASA Kennedy Space Center
Dr. Ramalingam Radhakrishnan, co-author

Represented PVAMU in the Texas Space Grant
Consortium (TSGC) in its activities since 1990.
Fellow Member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers.

Mindful SAMBA
(Scientific Algorithm for
Miracle Brain Activation)
By Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi, PhD
for
Self & Group Healing
and
Creative Peace among Individuals and Nations
Science: Nature is Complementary

Cellular Respiration <=> Photo-Synthesis
O2 + C6H12O6 < => 6CO2 + Energy + 6H20
Miracle Brain Activation: Human Nature

?
Mystic Respiration <=> Mystic Synthesis
?
Mystic O2 + Mystic C6H12O6 <=>
Toxic Impressions
+ Mystic Energy
+ Mystic Endorphins
Mindful SAMBA
(Scientific Algorithm for
Miracle Brain Activation)
By Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi, PhD
for
Self & Group Healing
and
Creative Peace among Individuals and Nations
Malladiacademy.com For more details
4.Pause
3-4 Mystic
“Ham-Saha”
Synthesis
3.Exhale
“Ha-Reem”
1.Inhale
“Ha-Om”
1-2 Mystic 2.Pause

Respiration “So-Ham”
Credit: Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats)
for CK-12 Foundation
Source: CK-12 Foundation
License: CC BY-NC 3.0
Prahlaada Vidya SAMBA
(Scientific Algorithm for Miracle Brain Activation)
1. Puraka (Inhalation): Prana from Sky and Apana from the Earth meet each other as
balls of light at a Chakra on the Central Body Axis through the Vertical JyothirLinga
Openings in the ends, by Samkalpa (Mantra and or Creative Visualization).
2. Kumbhaka (Hold-in): Due to Compression Udaana (Yoga Sakti), Samaana (Yoga
Sudha) and Vyaana (Karma) are separated, by Sankalpa by Cellular Respiration.
3. Rechaka (Exhalation): Udaana and Samaana are retained in the body and Vyaana as
Toxic Karma as grey smoke are offered to Mystic Nature (Siva), by Samkalpa
4. Sunyaka (Hold-out): Praana and Apaana are regenerated by the union of Vyaana
With Cosmic Light and Water, by the principle of Mystic Photo Synthesis by Samkalpa.
2 3
1
Prahlaada Kriya
1. Puraka “Ha-Om”
Move Palms for Union.
4 2. Kumbhaka “So-Ham”
Rotate Palms for Namaste.
3. Rechaka “Ha-Reem”
Offering Karma to Nature.
4. Sunyaka “Ham-Saha”
to form Prana and Apana
Prahlaada Mudra
Fold Little & Ring fingers

uniting Apana & Prana,
Thumb and Middle fingers
eachTouching the other to
retain Udana (Energy) and
Samana in Body and Index
finger Stretched out offering
Vyaana / Karma to Nature.
Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi, PhD. Visit MalladiAcademy.com

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All Student Engagement for Excellence

Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi

Reviewer's Observed Focus of the Paper:

2. Showing how student problem-solving skills

through Problem Solving Skill Development

Vector Rotation Theorem (SIM3)

Plane Vector Classification for SIMS:

Unit vector e with polar angle (θ): e(θ)

C1. Known vector

C2. Unknown vector

C3. Line vector

C4. Arc vector

SIM1: Eliminates direction by squaring and

SIM2: Gets direction through an inverse

SIM3: Eliminates the magnitude of a vector

Generalized Sine Law

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

SIM4: Eliminates an unknown quantity by

SIM5: Eliminates the magnitudes of two line

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

T1(M+D): R e(θR) = A e(θA) + B e(θB) + ..

SIM2: θR = acos(RX / R)*(RY / |RY|)

SIM1: C2 = A2 + B2 + 2AB cosα

α1 = acos[ (C2 – A2 – B2) / 2AB]

SIM2: θC = acos(CX / C)*(CY / |CY|)

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

T3(M&M): A e(θA) + B e(θB) = C e(θC)+ ...

A = C sin(θC- θB) / sin(θA – θB)

SIM3 to A: A is Eliminated B is found.

T4(D&M): A e(θA) + B e(θB) = C e(θC)+ ...

SIM3 to B: B is eliminated θA is found

SIM3 to A: A is eliminated B is found

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

SIM2 Reaction Angle θR.

SIM4 Equating expressions for α,

C. Multi-Force Systems three unknowns

C1. Moment M of A Force F (θF) in XY plane

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

T8(F1 F2 L): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2

T9(F1 F2 θ): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2

T10(F1 F2 C): SIM5 about X of F1 & F2

2. Second Fold: Watch (“2 Square Beams”

3. Third Fold: Apply (“3 Square Beam”.

4. Fourth Fold: Attend (“4 Square Beam”.

5. Fifth Fold: Practice (“5 Square Beam”:

(EEM with SIMS)

Narasimha Siddhanti Malladi

8 Developments Leading to Essential Engineering Mechanics with SIMS and IILA

FBD B is T1: Solved by SIM1 and SIM2 40 N

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference

“A” is 108 marks out of 120 (90% Score)

First Sitting A1 10/10 or US A

Second Sitting A2 9/10 B+

Third Sitting A3 8/10 B

This grading system will motivate the student to

Proceedings of the 2022 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference