Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Development Theory

Sigmund Freud’s
Psychosexual
Development Theory
WHO IS SIGMUND FREUD
Sigmund Freud was the

founding Father of
Psychoanalysis, A method for
treating mental illness and also
a theory which explains human
behavior.
SIGMUND FREUD
(1856-1939)
WHAT IS
PSYCHOSEXUAL
DEVELOPMENT THEORY?
Psychosexual Development Theory
Psychological development in childhood takes

place in a series of fixed psychosexual stages.
Each stage represents the fixation of libido

body
(sexual drives) on a different area of the body.
Each stage
Each stage is associated
is associated with with a particular
a particular conflictconflict
that that must
be
mustresolved before
be resolved thethe
before individual
individualcan
can successfully
successfully advance
to the next
advance stage.
to the next stage.
Frustration, Overindulgence and
Fixation
FRUSTRATION
The need of the individual at any particular stage
that may not have been adequately met.
OVERINDULGENCE
The person’ s need may have been so well
satisfied that he/she is reluctant to leave the
psychological benefits of that stage
Frustration, Overindulgence and
Fixation
FIXATION
Refers to the theoretical notion that a portion
of the individuals libido has been permanently
‘invested’ in a particular stage of development.
Psychosexual Stages
of Development
Psychosexual Stages of
Development
ORAL STAGE ANAL STAGE
PHALLIC STAGE LATENCY STAGE
GENITAL STAGE
(0-1 year old)
Child derives
pleasure from
oral activities
such as sucking,
biting and
breastfeeding.
Weaning
(1-3 years old)
The libido is now
focus on the anus, and the
child derives pleasure from
defecating.
Development of the ego
Toilet training
(3-6 years old)
Pleasure zone is the genitals
Development of the superego
Coping with incestuous

sexual feelings which arise to the
Oedipus Complex and Electra
Complex.
(3-6 years old)
OEDIPUS COMPLEX
(3-6 years old)
ELECTRA COMPLEX
(6 years old - puberty)
At this stage, sexual urges are repressed and the individual spend most of
his time interacting with same sex peers, engaging in hobbies and
acquiring skills.
No further psychosexual development takes place during this stage (latent means
hidden). The libido is dormant.
Freud thought that most sexual impulses are repressed during the latent stage, and
sexual energy can be sublimated (re: defense mechanisms) towards school work,
hobbies, and friendships.
Much of the child's energy is channeled into developing new skills and acquiring new
knowledge, and play becomes largely confined to other children of the same gender.
(puberty onward)
Maturation of
sexual interests
Healthy heterosexual
relationships
People are born with a certain number of instincts
or DRIVES (human instinctive behaviour)
The humana mind has 3 aspects which influence
behaviour: The Id, Ego, and Superego
Freud’s 3 Personality Components
1. ID- Operates according to the
pleasure principle
2. EGO-Operates according to the
reality principle
3. SUPEREGO- Moral ideals and
conscience
ID- unconconscious part of the mind
(this part of the mind seeks to bring us pleasure)
-primitive parts of our personality including
aggression and sexual drives
EGO-conscious part of the mind (Rational Self). Decides what action to take
for positive means and what to do based on what is believed is the right thing
to do. Aware of reality.
SUPEREGO- unconscious part of the mind that
acts as our conscience. Reminds us of what we should do.
The ID and the SUPEREGO are in constant conflict. Your DRIVE tells you
to do one thing , while SOCIETY tells you to do something else.
Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, compared the human mind to an
iceberg. The tip above the water represents consciousness, and the vast region
below the surface symbolizes the unconscious mind. Of Freud’s three basic
personality structures—id, ego, and superego—only the id is totally unconscious.
“Psychoanalysis has as its core the idea that each of
us has an unconscious part whose existence, activities
and thoughts are hidden behind a mental barrier that
we cannot voluntarily remove. Behind this barrier are
repressed and psychologically dangerous thoughts
that give rise to unconscious conflicts, which in turn,
can result in psychological and physical symptoms.”
- Plotnik, p. 514
Consciousness
External world
Surface Conscious- can readily be remembered
I
I
I
I Preconscious- need time to recall
I
I
I Unconscious- involves fears, shameful experiences,
I immoral acts,
I
Depth
Anxiety
1. RealityAnxiety
2. Neurotic Anxiety
3. Moral Anxiety
Displacement Showing emotion toward
someone or something
completely unrelated to that
which caused the emotion
Rationalization Making up explanations for

something that has not
happened
Identification Development of role models that To enhance self-worth
people identify or imitate children identify
themselves with their
parents
Reaction formation Actively expressing the opposite
impulsive when confronted with
threating impulse
Sublimation Diverting sexual or aggressive

behaviours into other channels
References
McLeod, S. A. (2019, July 18). Psychosexual stages. Retrieved from
https://www.simplypsychology.org/psychosexual.html.
Retrieved from
https://www.thepsychologyheadquarters.com
•http://users.rcn.com/brill/freudarc.html
•http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/f/freud.htm
•http://www.allpsych.com/psychology101/ego.html
•Introduction to Psychology 4th edition. Rod Plotnik.
•http://encarta.msn.com/media_461543697/The_Mind_as_an_Ic
eberg.html
•http://www.inkblottestwallpaper.com

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What are the stages of Freud's psychosexual development theory?

What are the three structures of personality according to Freud?

Sigmund Freud’s

Sigmund Freud was the

Psychological development in childhood takes

Each stage represents the fixation of libido

PHALLIC STAGE LATENCY STAGE

Coping with incestuous

Rationalization Making up explanations for

Sublimation Diverting sexual or aggressive

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