Exploration & Mining of Porphyry Deposits Using Thermo Scientific Portable XRF Analyzers
Exploration & Mining of Porphyry Deposits Using Thermo Scientific Portable XRF Analyzers
Exploration & Mining of Porphyry Deposits Using Thermo Scientific Portable XRF Analyzers
Application
A common feature of porphyry deposits is spatial
zoning of hydrothermal alteration and mineralogy
(see Figure 1). This is controlled primarily by a
magma type and varies from deposit to deposit.
The zoning can be used as an exploration tool to
locate mineralized zones.
Methodology Results
This case study was carried out in the Miner Strip logs were plotted using assay data from the
Mountain porphyry deposit in British Columbia, commercial lab, as well as the on-site data of
Canada. This copper deposit is an “alkalic” the portable XRF analyzer. Three representative
type (Cu-Au ± Ag, PGE) porphyry deposit and is copper strip logs for three drill holes are shown in
located in a belt of late Triassic to early Jurassic Figure 2. Visual examination of these logs not only
trachybasaltic/trachy-andesitic volcanic rocks indicates high correlation between these two sets
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and is associated with sub-volcanic microdioritic- of assay data, but also the efficiency of the Niton
dioritici intrusions. Because the rocks are under- XL2 GOLDD instrument in identifying mineralized
saturated with silica and over-saturated with zones. Such real-time identification of anomalous
calcium, typically they do not have the quartz zones is crucial for drill program planning and 3D
vein abundance, or acidic alteration (particularly block modeling of the ore deposit, saving you time
the large pyrite halo and extensive sericite-argillic and costs.
alteration) of the calc-alkaline systems. Instead,
they are marked by progression from chlorite
– epidote ± magnetite (propylitic) to an albite-
epidote-chlorite dominated zone, and then to a
K-feldspar, secondary magnetite ± diopside/biotite
potassic core. Mineralization progresses from
pyrite to chalcopyrite/pyrite to bornite-chalcopyrite
with bornite/covelite/chalcocite locally present in
the cores of the systems.
Figure 1. Porphyry copper deposit model (John et al., 2010 ). A) Schematic cross section of hydrothermal alteration minerals and types. B)
Schematic cross section of ores associated with each alteration type. C) Scale showing level of interpreted exposure for a few well-known
porphyry deposits.
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Figure 2. Strip logs for three drill holes in the Miner Mountain porphyry Cu deposit.
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