Chapter 3.5 Sedimentary Rocks
Chapter 3.5 Sedimentary Rocks
Chapter 3.5 Sedimentary Rocks
ROCKS
Garyl Luvani Bray L. Lamparas
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
Conglomerate
Shale
Breccia
Sandstones
BRECCIA
It is a mechanically formed sedimentary rock
classed as Rudite.
parent rocks.
Types of Breccia
Basal Breccia
This rock is formed by the sea
faulting.
Types of Breccia
Agglomeratic Breccia
It is a specific type of breccia
volcanic eruptions.
CONGLOMERATES
rudaceous group
Boulder-Conglomerates- gravels:
gravels> 256mm
Cobble-Conglomerate
gravels: 64-256 mm
Pebble-Conglomerate
gravels: 2-64 mm
On the basis of source GLACIAL-CONGLOMERATES
of the gravels In which gravel making the
glacial origin;
BASAL-CONGLOMERATES
VOLCANIC-CONGLOMERATES
Having gravels derived from
land masses; In which gravels are of distinct volcanic origin but have subsequently been subjected to
lot of transport resulting in their smoothening and polishing by river transport before their
calcite;
Arenaceous Group.
sedimentation.
composition.
Texture
Sandstones are, in general, medium to fine-grained in texture.
material.
On the basis of their composition and the nature of the cementing material:
ous San
dst
ce on
il
es
Si
Sometimes the quality of
This is named QUARTZITE. This type of
Silica (Si02) is the the siliceous cement is so
sedimentary quartzite, when subjected to
cementing material in dense and uniform that a
loading fractures across the grains showing
these sandstones massive compact and
clearly very dense nature and homogeneity
homogeneous rock is
of the cementing silica with the main
formed.
constituent silica of the rock.
Calcareous Sandstones Argillaceous Sandstones Ferruginous Sandstones
are those varieties of These are among the soft As the name indicates, the
constituent quartz.
respectively.
composition.
most cases.
ON THE BASIS OF MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION:
FLAGSTONE
It is a variety of sandstone that is exceptionally
layers.
some kaolin.
Sandstones of hard, massive and compact character
USES
are very useful natural resources.
DISTRIBUTION
abundant sedimentary rocks found in the upper
structure.
COMPOSITION
The exact mineralogical composition of shales
variation.
SHALES HAVE BEEN CLASSIFIED VARIOUSLY. THREE
CLASSES ON THE BASIS OF THEIR ORIGIN: