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    IF4201 - Mg11 - Software License Categories

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    aidil afriansyah

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    IF4201 - Mg11 - Software License Categories

    Uploaded by

    aidil afriansyah
    19 views15 pages

    Original Title

    IF4201_Mg11_Software License Categories

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views15 pages

    IF4201 - Mg11 - Software License Categories

    Uploaded by

    aidil afriansyah

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    Software License Categories

    http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/catego
    ries.html
    Free & Non-Free Software Categories*

    *http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware
    Free Software
    A program is free software if the program's users have the four
    essential freedoms:
    • The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose
    (freedom 0).
    • The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it
    does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source
    code is a precondition for this.
    • The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor
    (freedom 2).
    • The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to
    others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole
    community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the
    source code is a precondition for this.

    Note for freedom 2 & 3: either gratis or charging a fee.


    Open Source Software (OSS)
    • Very similar but is not exactly the same of free
    software.
    • They accept some licenses that we consider
    too restrictive
    • The differences in extension of the category
    are small: nearly all free software is open
    source, and nearly all open source software is
    free.
    Public Domain Software
    • software that is not copyrighted.
    • If the source code is in the public domain, that
    is a special case of non-copylefted free
    software, which means that some copies or
    modified versions may not be free at all.
    • In some cases, an executable program can be
    in the public domain but the source code is
    not available.
    Copylefted Softwares
    • free software whose distribution terms ensure
    that all copies of all versions carry more or less
    the same distribution terms.
    • This means, for instance, that copyleft licenses
    generally disallow others to add additional
    requirements to the software (though a limited
    set of safe added requirements can be allowed)
    and require making source code available.
    • This shields the program, and its modified
    versions, from some of the common ways of
    making a program proprietary.
    Non-copylefted Free Software
    • It comes with author with permission to
    redistribute and modify, and also to add
    additional restrictions to it.
    • If a program is free but not copylefted, then some
    copies or modified versions may not be free at all.
    • A software company can compile the program,
    with or without modifications, and distribute the
    executable file as a proprietary software product.
    • For example, X Window System.
    GPL-covered Softwares
    Any software under GNU General Public License:
    • Free Software
    • Copyleft
    a general method for making a program free
    software and requiring all modified and extended
    versions of the program to be free software as well.
    Example of GNU GPL
    Attach the following notices to the program.
    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
    Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>

    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify


    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,


    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

    Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
    Nonfree Software
    • Any software that is not free.
    • Its use, redistribution or modification is
    prohibited, or requires you to ask for
    permission, or is restricted so much that you
    effectively can't do it freely.
    Proprietary Software
    • A nonfree software.
    Freeware
    • The term “freeware” has no clear accepted
    definition.
    • “Free” mostly means “gratis”.
    • It is commonly used for packages which
    permit redistribution but not modification
    (and their source code is not available).
    • These packages are not free software, so
    please don't use “freeware” to refer to free
    software.
    Shareware
    • Software which comes with permission for
    people to redistribute copies, but says that
    anyone who continues to use a copy
    is required to pay a license fee (limited-time use
    only)
    • Shareware is not free software, because
    – For most shareware, source code is not available;
    thus, you cannot modify the program at all.
    – Shareware does not come with permission to make a
    copy and install it without paying a license fee, not
    even for individuals engaging in nonprofit activity.
    Private Softwares
    • Software developed for one user (typically an
    organization or company).
    • That user keeps it and uses it, and does not
    release it to the public either as source code or as
    binaries.
    • A private program is free software (in a
    somewhat trivial sense) if the user has full rights
    to the private program. However, if the user
    distributes copies to others and does not provide
    the four freedoms with those copies, those
    copies are not free software.
    Commercial Software
    • “Commercial” and “proprietary” are not the
    same!
    • Commercial software is software developed
    by a business as part of its business.
    • Most commercial software is proprietary, but
    there is commercial free software, and there is
    noncommercial nonfree software.

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