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    Mechanical Safety

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    Christian Meana
    1) Mechanical hazards pose dangers like crushed hands and severed fingers from machinery. Safeguards are essential to protect workers from preventable injuries. 2) Common causes of machine accidents include reaching into equipment, not using lockout/tagout procedures, unauthorized maintenance, and missing or loose guards. 3) Machinery parts that move like flywheels, gears, and feed mechanisms must be guarded, as well as points of operation where work is done, in-running nip points, and rotating parts less than 7 feet from the floor.

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    Mechanical Safety

    Uploaded by

    Christian Meana
    98 views10 pages
    1) Mechanical hazards pose dangers like crushed hands and severed fingers from machinery. Safeguards are essential to protect workers from preventable injuries. 2) Common causes of machine accidents include reaching into equipment, not using lockout/tagout procedures, unauthorized maintenance, and missing or loose guards. 3) Machinery parts that move like flywheels, gears, and feed mechanisms must be guarded, as well as points of operation where work is done, in-running nip points, and rotating parts less than 7 feet from the floor.

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    1) Mechanical hazards pose dangers like crushed hands and severed fingers from machinery. Safeguards are essential to protect workers from preventable injuries. 2) Common causes of machine accidents include reaching into equipment, not using lockout/tagout procedures, unauthorized maintenance, and missing or loose guards. 3) Machinery parts that move like flywheels, gears, and feed mechanisms must be guarded, as well as points of operation where work is done, in-running nip points, and rotating parts less than 7 feet from the floor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    98 views10 pages

    Mechanical Safety

    Uploaded by

    Christian Meana
    1) Mechanical hazards pose dangers like crushed hands and severed fingers from machinery. Safeguards are essential to protect workers from preventable injuries. 2) Common causes of machine accidents include reaching into equipment, not using lockout/tagout procedures, unauthorized maintenance, and missing or loose guards. 3) Machinery parts that move like flywheels, gears, and feed mechanisms must be guarded, as well as points of operation where work is done, in-running nip points, and rotating parts less than 7 feet from the floor.

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    of 10

    MECHANICAL SAFETY

    Engr. Jaime C. Reyes


    Safety Consultant
    DOLE Accred.#1030-970724-0107

    Introduction
    Mechanical Hazards
    Crushed hands and arms, severed
    fingers, blindness - the list of possible
    The danger of handling machinery-
    machinery-related injuries is horrifying.
    Safeguards are essential for protecting
    equipment with moving parts,
    workers from needless and preventable
    either motorized or manually injuries.
    activated.
    Causes of Machine Accidents
    A good rule to remember is:
    Any machine part, function, or
    process which may cause injury Reaching in to “clear” equipment
    must be safeguarded. Not using Lockout/Tag-out
    Unauthorized persons doing
    Where the operation of a machine can maintenance or using the
    injure the operator or other workers, machines
    the hazard must be controlled or
    eliminated. Missing or loose machine guards

    Where Mechanical Hazards Occur Point of Operation

    Point of operation That point where


    All parts of the machine which move, work is performed on
    such as: the material, such as
    cutting, shaping,
    !flywheels, pulleys, belts, couplings,
    boring, or forming of
    chains, cranks, gears, etc. stock must be
    !feed mechanisms and auxiliary parts guarded.
    of the machine
    In-running nip points
    Point of Operation Rotating Parts

    Rotating Parts In-Running Nip Points

    Rotating Belt and


    cylinders pulley

    Chain and Rack and


    sprocket pinion
    Power-
    Power-Transmission Apparatus
    In-Running Nip Points
    Power- Unguarded belt
    Power-transmission and pulley
    apparatus (shafting,
    flywheels, pulleys,
    belts, chain drives,
    etc.) less than 7 feet
    from the floor or
    working platform
    must be guarded.

    Machine Safeguarding
    break

    The use of dynamic devices that


    either activate or deactivate a
    machine when accessed.
    Requirements for Safeguards
    Create no new hazards - must not have
    shear points, jagged edges or unfinished
    Prevent contact - prevent worker’
    worker’s body or surfaces
    clothing from contacting hazardous moving Create no interference - must not prevent
    parts worker from performing the job quickly and
    Secure - firmly secured to machine and not comfortably
    easily removed Allow safe lubrication - if possible, be able
    Protect from falling objects - ensure that no to lubricate the machine without removing
    objects can fall into moving parts the safeguards

    Methods of Machine Safeguarding


    METHODS OF MACHINE
     Guards  Location/distance
    SAFEGUARDING ! fixed  Feeding and ejection
    ! interlocked methods
    ! adjustable ! automatic and/or semi-
    ‰ Guards ! self-adjusting automatic feed and
    ejection
    ‰ Devices  Devices
    ! robots
    ! presence sensing
    ‰ Location/Distance ! pullback
     Miscellaneous aids
    ! awareness barriers
    ‰ Feeding & Ejecting Method ! restraint
    ! protective shields
    ! safety controls (tripwire
    ‰ Miscellaneous Aids cable, two-hand control, ! hand-feeding tools
    etc.)
    ! gates
    #1
    Fixed Guard Interlocked Guard
    Provides a barrier - a permanent part of the When this type of guard is opened or
    machine, preferable to all other types of guards. removed, the tripping mechanism and/or
    power automatically shuts off or
    disengages, and the machine cannot cycle
    or be started until the guard is back in
    place.
    Interlocked
    guard on
    revolving drum

    Adjustable Guard Self-Adjusting Guard


    Provides a barrier which moves
    Provides a barrier according to the size of the stock
    which may be entering the danger area.
    adjusted to Circular table saw
    Bandsaw blade
    facilitate a variety self-adjusting guard
    adjustable guard
    of production
    operations.
    #2
    Pullback Device Pullback Device (cont’
    (cont’d)
    Utilizes a series of cables
    attached to the operator’
    operator’s
    hands, wrists, and/or arms
    Primarily used on machines
    with stroking action
    Allows access to the point of
    operation when the slide/ram
    is up  Hands in die, feeding  Die closed
    Withdraws hands when the  Point of operation  Hands withdrawn from
    exposed point of operation by
    slide/ram begins to descend pullback device
     Pullback device attached
    and properly adjusted

    Restraint Device
    Safety Tripwire Cables
     Uses cables or straps
    attached to the operator’
    operator’s Device located around
    hands and a fixed point the perimeter of or
     Must be adjusted to let near the danger area
    the operator’
    operator’s hands Operator must be able
    travel within a to reach the cable to
    predetermined safe area stop the machine
     Hand-
    Hand-feeding tools are
    often necessary if the
    operation involves placing
    material into the danger
    area
    Two-Hand Control Gate
     Movable barrier device which protects the operator at
    Requires constant, the point of operation before the machine cycle can be
    concurrent pressure to started
    activate the machine  If the gate does not fully close, machine will not function
    The operator’s hands are
    required to be at a safe
    location (on control
    buttons) and at a safe
    distance from the danger
    area while the machine
    completes its closing cycle
    Gate Open Gate Closed

    #3 #4 Automatic Feed
    Safeguarding by
    Location/Distance (shown on power press)

     Locate the machine or


    Transparent
    its dangerous moving Enclosure
    Guard
    parts so that they are Stock Feed
    not accessible or do not Roll

    present a hazard to a
    worker during normal
    operation Danger
    Area
     Maintain a safe distance
    from the danger area
    Completed Work
    Robots Protective Shields
    Machines that load and These do not give complete protection from machine
    unload stock, assemble hazards, but do provide some protection from flying
    parts, transfer objects, particles, splashing cutting oils, or coolants.
    or perform other tasks
    Best used in high-
    production processes
    requiring repeated
    routines where they
    prevent other hazards
    to employees

    Holding Tools Machine Safety Responsibilities


     Management
    ! ensure all machinery is properly guarded
     Used to place and  Supervisors
    remove stock in the ! train employees on specific guard rules in their areas
    danger area ! ensure machine guards remain in place and are
     Not to be used instead functional
    of other machine ! immediately correct machine guard deficiencies
    safeguards, but as a  Employees
    supplement ! do not remove guards unless machine is locked and
    tagged
    ! report machine guard problems to supervisors
    immediately
    ! do not operate equipment unless guards are in place
    Training Summary
    Operators should receive training on the following:
    Safeguards are essential for protecting
     Hazards associated with particular machines
    workers from needless and preventable
     How the safeguards provide protection and the
    hazards for which they are intended machinery-
    machinery-related injuries
     How and why to use the safeguards The point of operation, as well as all parts
     How and when safeguards can be removed and by of the machine that move while the
    whom machine is working, must be safeguarded
     What to do if a safeguard is damaged, missing, or
    unable to provide adequate protection

    Don’t let this happen to you…………

    A good rule to remember is:


    Any machine part, function,
    or process which may
    cause injury must be
    safeguarded

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