a community publication from senator nigel scullion

AUSTRALIAS INVOLVEMENT IN FOREIGN CONFLICTS

Sudan, March to June 1885 South African War (Boer War), 1899-1902 China (Boxer Rebellion), 1900-01 First World War, 1914-18 Second World War, 1939-45 Occupation of Japan, 1946-51 Korean War, 1950-53 Malayan Emergency, 1948-60 Indonesian Confrontation, 1963-66 Malay, 1964-66 ailand, 1965-1968 Vietnam War, 1962-75 First Gulf War, 1990-91 Somalia, 1992-1994 East Timor (Timor-Leste), 1999-2003 Peacekeeping, 1947 to present Afghanistan, 2001 to present Iraq, 2003 to present

TERRITORIANS IN CONFLICT
lest we forget

At the going down of the sun and in the morning We will remember them.
Authorised by Senator Nigel Scullion, Senator for the Northern Territory, 1/229 McMillans Road JINGILI NT 0810.

Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.

ey shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old;

Dawn of the Legend

Map of the Gallipoli Historical National Park

Source: Department of Veterans A airs (www.dva.gov.au)

Chunuk Bair and Ataturk Memorial

NZ National Memorial

96

years ago, thousands of brave young men went ashore on a foreign beach in a far distant land. In a display of courage, determination and mateship, these Australians and New Zealanders created a legend which, when retold today, evokes pride and passion in a new generation of Australians.

Embarkation Pier Cemetery No. 2 Outpost Cemetery

e Anzac spirit of courage under re, selessness and unwavering loyalty, tenacity and mateship was forged in the battles at Gallipoli. e legend of our Anzacs has transcended time to become a symbol of what we value as Australians. On Anzac Day, we stop to remember and reect on the sacrice of men and women who serve and have served our nation in times of war and peace. Veterans of the past proudly display their medals, soldiers of today boldly wear their uniforms. Families of veterans who have passed on honour their memory by wearing medals awarded when the battle was over. In recent years there has been a resurgence of participation at Anzac Day ceremonies. Many more people, young and old, are rising early to attend Dawn Services and to honour our Anzac tradition. Today we see the faces of living heroes; not just veterans of war, but those who proudly wore our uniform and served our country in times of peace. We honour them and the families who supported them. We remember their service for our nation. To commemorate this special anniversary I wanted to share with you some inspiring stories of Territorians serving our nation and protecting our way of life. I hope that you too will share in the spirit of Anzac Day by attending one of the many services in the Territory.

The Nek Cemetery Walkers Ridge Cemetery Anzac Commemorative Site

Turkish 57th Regiment Memorial

Kemalyeri Memorial

Quinns Post Cemetery

North Beach

Ari Burnu Cemetery

Anzac Cove
Beach Cemetery

Cemetery & Memorial Shrapnel Valley Cemetery

Lone Pine

Shell Green Cemetery

Captain William Russel de la Poer Beresford

WORLD WAR I

LEST WE FORGET

orn in Darwin in 1893, Beresford enlisted as a Private, but by the end of the war had achieved the rank of Captain. He served in the 10th Infantry Battalion at Gallipoli, before being transferred to the 50th Infantry Battalion (as a Sergeant) when that unit was formed in Egypt at the beginning of 1916. Beresford was wounded during the Battle of Pozieres, before being awarded the Military Cross for actions at VillersBrettonneux, while a Lieutenant, on 24 April and the night of 25/26 April 1918. e recommendation cited Lt Beresfords gallantry in taking command of a company and leading it on a counter attack under heavy shell re. Having enlisted in 1914, Captain Beresford was sent home to Australia on Special 1914 Leave in September 1918. He was then home when the war ended in November.
Source: Parliamentary Library

Senator Nigel

Scullion

Senator for the Northern Territory

The Bombing of Darwin

n 19 February 1942, mainland Australia came under attack for the rst time when Japanese forces mounted two air raids on Darwin. e two attacks, which were planned and led by the commander responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbour ten weeks earlier, involved 54 land-based bombers and approximately 188 attack aircraft which were launched from four Japanese aircraft-carriers in the Timor Sea. In the rst attack, which began just before 10.00am, heavy bombers pattern-bombed the harbour and town; dive bombers escorted by Zero ghters then attacked shipping in the harbour, the military and civil aerodromes, and the hospital at Berrimah. e attack ceased after about 40 minutes. e second attack, which began an hour later, involved high altitude bombing of the Royal Australian Air Force base at Parap which lasted for 2025 minutes. e two raids killed at least 243 people and between 300 and 400 were wounded. Twenty military aircraft were destroyed, eight ships at anchor in the harbour were sunk, and most civil and military facilities in Darwin were destroyed. Contrary to widespread belief at the time, the attacks were not a precursor to an invasion. e Japanese were preparing to invade Timor, and anticipated that a disruptive air attack would hinder Darwin's potential as a base from which the Allies could launch a counter-o ensive, and at the same time would damage Australian morale. Concerned at the e ect of the bombing on national morale, and with Singapore having fallen to the Japanese only days earlier, the government announced that only 17 people had been killed. In the hours following the air raids on 19 February, believing that an invasion was imminent, Darwin's population began to stream southwards, heading for Adelaide River and the train south. Approximately half of Darwin's civilian population ultimately ed. e panic in the town was repeated at the RAAF base, where servicemen deserted their stations in great numbers. ree days after the attack 278 servicemen were still missing. e exodus south (which later became known as e Adelaide River stakes), and the looting and disorder which subsequently occurred, led the government to hurriedly appoint a Commission of Inquiry led by Mr Justice Lowe which issued two reports, one on 27 March and the other on 9 April 1942. e air attacks on Darwin continued until November 1943, by which time the Japanese had bombed Darwin 64 times. During the war other towns in northern Australia were also the target of Japanese air attack, with bombs being dropped on Townsville, Katherine, Wyndham, Derby, Broome and Port Hedland.
Source: National Archives of Australia (Fact sheet 195 e bombing of Darwin)

C. Van Diemen

Pt. Jahzel

TIME 201126 J.K.

MELVI LLE I S LAND B AT HU R S T I S LAND

C. Fourcroy C. Gambier INTERCEPTION AT 201041 J.K. Gunn Pt. RENDEZVOUS HERE C. Hotham RENDEZVOUS HERE

WORLD WAR II

R.A.A.F DROME STRAFFED & BOMBED 20 1080 J.K. Lee Pt. OUTWARD TRACK LOW FLYING AIRCRAFT Charles Pt.

ADAM B AY

SHOAL B AY

DARWIN
BOMBS DROPPED WINNLLIE 201046 J.K. STRAFFED AT 201101 J.K. Strauss Hu g h e s Livingston

FOG BAY
Pt. Blaze

VISUAL LOW FLYING AIRCRAFT 201105 J.K. B a t c h e l or Coomalie Pe l l

Air Raid #55 (20/06/1943)

Peron Id.

Enemy Track
Source: National Archives of Australia (A9696, 207)

A d e l aid e R ive r

ree AH-64 Apache attack helicopters y past saluting members of Special Operations Task Group, in honour of Pte Benjamin Adam Chuck, Pte Timothy James Aplin and Pte Scott Travis Palmer, 24 June 2010
Source: Department of Defence

THE HONOUR ROLL

Aplin, Timothy James Atkinson, Richard Bewes, Nathan John Brown, Jason omas Chuck, Benjamin Adam Dale, Tomas James Fussell, Michael Kenneth Housdan Hopkins, Mathew Ricky Andrew Kirby, Grant Walter Larcombe, Jamie Ronald Locke, Matthew Raymond MacKinney, Jared William Marks, Jason Paul McCarthy, Sean Patrick Moerland, Jacob Daniel Palmer, Scott Travis Pearce, David Ronald Ranaudo, Benjamin James Russell, Andrew Robert Sher, Gregory Michael Smith, Darren James Till, Brett Ian Worsley, Luke James

AFGHANISTAN
Australias military contribution to the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan is deployed under Operation SLIPPER. Australias military contribution includes around 1,550 Australian Defence Force personnel who are deployed within Afghanistan. 1241 are deployed in Uruzgan Province and around 300 in Kabul, Kandahar and elsewhere in Afghanistan. ese numbers vary depending on operational requirements and shifting seasonal conditions. 830 personnel provide support from locations within the broader Middle East Area of Operations, including our maritime commitment.

Private Scott Palmer

Twenty-seven-year-old Private Palmer was raised in Katherine and serving with the Sydney-based 2nd Commando Regiment. Private Palmer enlisted in the Australian Army in 2001. Private Palmer successfully undertook Commando Selection and Training in 2006 and joined the then 4th Battalion Royal Australian Regiment (Commando) in November 2006. is was his third tour to Afghanistan and he was serving with the Special Operations Task Group (SOTG). Private Palmer had seen Operational service in East Timor, Iraq and Afghanistan. His professionalism was of the highest order and he excelled at everything he did. Private Palmer loved his job and working alongside his mates. Private Palmer was awarded the Australian Active Service Medal with clasps IRAQ, East Timor and International Coalition Against Terrorism (ICAT), the IRAQ Campaign Medal, the Australian Defence Medal, the Australian Service Medal with clasp TimorLeste, the Afghanistan Campaign Medal, and the NATO ISAF Medal. Private Palmer was also awarded the Returned from Active Service Badge from a previous deployment.
Source: Department of Defence (www.defence.gov.au)

1983 - 2010

VIETNAM WAR

NORTH VIETNAM

CHINA

Corporal Reginald Hedley Hillier

Reginald Hedley Hillier was born in Coonabarabran (NSW) on 4 October 1939. He moved to the Northern Territory in 1949 and lived at 11 Mile with his family. He travelled to school at Darwin Public on the semitrailer school bus with his brother, Jim, and his sisters, Margaret and Barbara. Hillier worked in the outback as a stockman in the Victoria River District and in the East Kimberley. In October 1961 he enlisted in the Australian Regular Army. In June 1965 Corporal Hillier was posted to Vietnam as a Section Commander in 5 Platoon, B Company, 1st Battalion of the Royal Australian Regiment (1 RAR).

%
Nam Dinh

Cam Pha Hong Gai

Thanh Hoa

The Ho Chi Minh Trail

Vinh

Dong Hoi

Australias military involvement in the Vietnam War was the longest in duration of any war in the countrys history. It lasted from August 1962 until May 1975. e Australian commitment consisted predominantly of army personnel, but signi cant numbers of air force and navy personnel. Some civilians also took part. According to the Nominal Roll of Australian Vietnam Veterans, almost 60,000 Australians served in Vietnam.
Hue Da Nang

Quang Ngai

A total of 521 Australians died in the war: Australian Army (496); RAAF (17); RAN (8). ese include three Australian service-men who were declared missing in action. ese three are in fact believed to have been killed in action but have no known graves. Australia's commitment, although substantial in terms of its military capabilities, was small in comparison with the military contributions of the United States. Over 3 million Americans served in the War and the total number of American personnel in Vietnam reached a peak of over 540,000 in 1968. About 58,000 Americans died in the Vietnam War and over 2,000 were listed as Missing in Action.

CAMBODIA

e scale of Vietnamese losses on both sides of Ben Hoa the con ict was enormous. About 224,000 South Vietnamese military personnel and over 415,000 My Tho South Vietnamese civilians were killed. Over 1 million Vung Tau North Vietnamese and Viet Cong were killed and more than 300,000 were declared Missing in Action. Some 4 million Can Tho Vietnamese civilians (10 per cent of the total wartime population) were Bac Lieu killed or wounded. Overall, the total number of North and South Vietnamese killed and wounded was approximately ten times the total number of American casualties. Ho Chi Minh Trail 1954 - 1975
Source: Australian War Memorial Source: Australian War Memorial (www.awm.gov.au)

OS LA

Qui Nhon

Buon Me Thuot Nha Trang

HOLSWORTHY, NSW, C. 1964-08-15. Group portrait of members of 5 Platoon, B Company, 1st Battalion, e Royal Australian Regiment (1RAR) who undertook a basic unarmed combat course. Several were killed in action in South Vietnam.

SOUTH VIETNAM

Corporal Hillier was killed in an engagement with Viet Cong in the La Nga Valley on 29 November 1965. He was taking part in what was called Operation New Life, an attempt to clear the La Nga valley of Viet Cong. Corporal Hilliers platoon had been attacked by a force of Viet Cong while they were on patrol. He was shot in the chest whilst directing the re of his platoon and died in a medical helicopter on his way to Bien Noa. He was posthumously awarded a Mention in Dispatches as a result of his actions during the engagement. e Government of South Vietnam awarded him a Military Merit Medal and Gallantry Cross with Palm, describing him as a courageous combatant. He is buried at Terendak Military Cemetery, Malaysia.
Source: Parliamentary Library

KOREAN WAR

North Invades South

he Korean War began on 25 June 1950, when North Korean forces launched an invasion of South Korea. Personnel from the Australian Army, RAAF, and RAN fought as part of the United Nations (UN) multinational force, defending South Korea from the Communist force. e war ended with the signing of an armistice on 27 July 1953, three years and one month after it began. e ending was so sudden that some soldiers had to be convinced it really was over. After the war ended, the presence of Australians in Korea continued with a peacekeeping force until 1957.

I N

Pakchon Chongju Yongju Kujin

Hamhung

Paks Palace The Caves Bean Camp

e crisis in Korea originated in the closing phases of the Second World War, when control of the Korean peninsula, formerly occupied by Japan, was entrusted to the Allies, and the United States and the Soviet Union divided responsibility for the country between them at the 38th parallel. Over the course of the next few years, the Soviet Union fostered a strong communist regime in the north, while the US supported the government in the south; by o 38 00 mid-1950, tensions between the two zones, each under a di erent regime, had escalated to the point where two hostile armies were building up along the border. On 25 June a North Korean army nally crossed into the southern zone and advanced towards the capital, Seoul. e city fell in less than a week, and North Korean forces continued driving south towards the strategically important port of Pusan. Within two days, the US had o ered air and sea support to South Korea, and the United Nations Security Council asked all its members to assist in repelling the North Korean attack. Twenty-one nations responded by providing troops, ships, aircraft and medical teams.
Source: Australian War Memorial (www.awm.gov.au)

38o00

Operation Fauna Kimpo

*Truce Line 1953

Operation Han

SEOUL

Maryang Sam Samichon Kapyong

38o00

Taegu

Pohang

Group Captain Wilfred Norman Lampe

Born in Darwin in 1916, Group Captain Lampe enlisted in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) in 1938, and was awarded the Order of the British Empire in 1945 for distinguished service and devotion to duty northwest area. Group Captain Lampe would remain in the RAAF until 1971, and would go on to command the RAAFs entire deployment (the 91 Composite Wing) in Korea.
Source: Parliamentary Library

Pusan

Australian Operational Locations

1950-1953
Group portrait of o cers of No 8 Squadron RAAF in front of one of the squadron's Lockheed Hudson aircraft on the edge of the aerodrome at Kota Bahru, Kelantan, Malaya.

Naval Movements Major Battle Sites

Airfields POW Camps

Recreated from Department of Veterans A airs article Australian Operational Locations 1950-1953 (www.dva.gov.au)