Pinq Subs 017 0052
Pinq Subs 017 0052
Pinq Subs 017 0052
0052
SUBMISSION No 59C
(SUPPLEMENTARY SUBMISSION)
THE LAST ESCORT
HM4S SYDNEY & HMTZEALr*WDIA
(11 November 1941 to 17 November 1941)
ORAL HISTORY
Observations and memories of the men of the gthDiv. Ammunition Sub Park.
PINQ.SUBS.017.0053
BACKGROUND
The troops fought in Malaya and Singapore and became prisouers of war when the
Allied forces capitulated to the Japanese on 15 February 1942. Somehow they
endured and survived the years of internment, starvation, illness and forced labour.
It has always been a puzzle. The enormous gap of six days in Australian naval
history between 11 November 1941 when Sydnq and Zealandia departed Fremantle
to 17 November 1941 when HMSDurban took over the convoy near Sunda Strait
and escorted Zealandia to Singapore.
'On 15/22/42the 8'n Division Ammunition Sub Park with a Unit strength of 308 were
amongst those taken P.Q. W.' (Kenny, Kevin SX 11212, Diary, 'My War').
Didn't anyone care? Didn't anyone interview the hundreds of troops and crew who
had been aboard Zealandia in 1941 or the early post war years in 1945?
'Of the 308, approximately 298 were sent away by the Japs as slave labour to work in
Burma, Thailand, Borneo and Japan. Those lefl behind [in Changi] were the aged
and the sick.. ' (Ibid).
Obviously not.
In November 194lthere were in excess of 608 troops aboard Zealmdia, 208 of which
formed the 8 Div Ammunition Sub P a r k The crew of Zealandia numbered 264 (AA
( n S m Series: SP 2904 Item: Zealandia Log 29/10/41- 19DI42).
On 19 November 1991 I met (the now late) Kevin Kenny at the Port Adelaide Naval
Association. He attended the 50" Anniversary of the sinking of HMASSydney as a
mark of respect and because he had been one of the 208 men from the 8IhDiv.
Ammunition Sub Park (4MD) from South Australia embarked aboard Zealandia
Kevin and P had worked together during the 1950's and 60's. I knew he had been
interned as a P.O.W. in Changi during World War 2.
Neither of us had ever discussed HMASSydney or very much about internment. I t
was, after all, the late 1950's and teenage girls did not interrogate WW2 veterans 20
years older than them.
Kevin occasionally referred to his years in Changi. I listened intently but did not
interrogate. There were quite a few ex P.O.W's working in the Public Service.
Kevin was one of the strong ones. Exuberant, alert and involved in everything.
Meeting Kevin Kenny again, and Max Venables from the 8th Div. Ammunition Sub
Park, was the catalyst for gathering what was left of the Oral History for The Last
Escort.
8 DIV. AIWMUNITIBN SUB PARK
The following men embarked Zealandia 2 November 1941 in Melbourne and some
at Fremantle 9 November 1941. They were probably the last Australians to see
HMAS Sydney and her crew.
Zealandia and Sydney arrived at Fremantle at 6.50am on 9 November 1941 and
departed Fremantle 1.48pm 11November 1941 (AA (KA) Port of Fremantle,
Arrivals & Departures, November 1941).
'On 15/8/45 when the war ended about 240 came home, today 15/8/92 about 45 of us
are still alive' flbid).
The spirit of mateship, forged during their years of privation, was quietly observed
when I attended the unveiling of the memorial to the 8 Australian Division 2"* AlF
Ammunition Sub Park at the State W a r Memorial Garden, Adelaide, on Friday 8
December 1995.
It was a n extremely unpleasant, hot and sultry day. The frail were seated in the sun.
The strong stood in the shade. Without ceremony, one of the men stepped from the
shade and placed his hat on the head of a seated and distressed ex serviceman and
quietly retreated. No words o r looks were exchanged.
I know that I had observed the reason why many Australian prisoners of war
survived.
The Memorial Plaque also records that the 8 Div. Ammunition Sub Park personnel
were escorted by HMASSydney.
NAMES OF MEN FROM 8 DW. AMMUNITION SUB PARK WHO
PARTICIPATED IN THE GATHERING OF ORAL HISTORY
REED Thomas Ashton ('Spike') O.A.M. SX 8082 (LH' Force)
DOOLAN Charles Francis Martin ('Barney') SX 9917 ('D' Force)
VENABLES Maxwell Roy (Max) SX 9086 (LF' Force)
KELLY William Frederick (Bill) SX 3322 ('D' Force)
WALKER George Harry ('Bootie') SX 9141 ('D' Force)
PATERSON Walter George ('Banjo') SX 9258 ('D' Force)
POPE Reginald Charles (Reg) SX 9257 (LD' Force)
LILL John Angus SX 11661 ('D' Force)
DBWD John Francis (Jack) ('Dooda') SX 11660 ('F' Force)
O'NEILL Francis Frederick (Frank) SX 14586 ('J' Force)
MESSENGER Allan Keith ('Steak') SX 9613 ('A' Force)
BORTHWICK John Colin SX 18813 ('F' Force)
HARRIS Leonard Jeffrey (Jeff) ('Bluey') SX 11343 ('F' Force)
PINQ.SUBS.017.0054
Diary of Major Robert V. Glasgow, QX?, A.I.F., 8 Div. Ammunition Sub Park,
Commander of 'G'Force and eventual Allied administrator of Takefu Camp
(Japan).
Personal Diaries and Unit History of 8 Div. Ammunition Sub Park, by Max
Venables, 1998, Self Published.
Personal Diary 'My War', Kevin Kenny of 8 Div. Ammunition Sub P a r k
8 DIV. A.A.0.C (FORWARD DECONTAMINATION UNIT) EMBARKED
ZEALANDLI.
We Who Survived, Doug Candish, 1966, Calvert Publishing Co., Sydney.
2 1 3 ORDNANCE
~~
STORES COMPANY. (QUEENSLAND UNIT) EMBARKED
ZEAkANDlil
'After a couple of days [141h?]in the early afternoon the troops on board saw a colutnn
ofsmoke in the distance and H W S y d n e y left the convoy andproceeded to intercept
t h b vessel, It hoked quite large. We were ordered to life jacket drill statiotzs and were
on standby for a considerable time. The Sydney in the meantime proceeded towards
the unknown vessel andgot to about halfway when signal lights were seenfrom
[those] aboard Zealandiafrom the strange vesselJ(Venables, M., 20 Nov., I993).
I questioned Max Venables who stated that 'The smoke was about 20 miles away
towards the west 1Indian Ocean], not east [W.A. coastline]. The smoke rose high and
trailed to the North ' (Ibid).
Max Venables also described the ship as having one funnel and sitting high out of
the water.
I believe that a funnel would be difficult to see with the naked eye from 20 miles.
The Army officers, Master (Captain Robert Kerr) and senior crew P r n e s t Cloke
and Reginald Forster etc) of Zealandia had binoculars but the troops did not.
'When we were about two days out of Singapore [=18Ih]we were ordered to boat
stations again. We ''stood to'for about three hours and everyone began grumbling.
There was smoke on the horizon on the port side and Sydney sped of to investigate.
Our ship increased speed to the point of shuddering"'(O'Neil1, F.,1997,5p).
Major Bob Gfasgow 0.C. said ''this was not an erercbe, this was realJ"(O'Neill, F.)
Sydney investigated the ship and stood off at about half distance (10 miles). Signals
via signal lamp were observed from the unknown ship. Sydney was apparently
satisfied that the ship was Allied and returned to closely escorting Zealandia.
PINQ.SUBS.017.0055
'They must have given the HMAS Sydney the correct answers to her signals, as a short
time later she returned to her escort duties and the other vesselproceeded on its way'
(Venables, M., 1993).
'1saw smoke on the horizon. Afew of us were up on the top deck on aircraft iookout.
We were called Spotters. Sydney came about to check the ship on the horizon'
(Underwood, A).
(VLJW)
17Ih Waimaramn from High Seas, last port not stated. QGPGW)
Not all are relevant a s to whether or not Sydney or Zealandia sighted them. They are
published for the sake of historical and researcher's interest.
COMMENT
2ndAstoria from Melbourne, last port not stated. (OXDB) = (Call SigdSignature)
2" Cyclops from Singapore, last port not stated. (GPZK)
2ndlYOoIinda from Derby, last port Shark Bay. W C )
4Ih Governor (dredge) from Bunbury, last port not stated. (Unregistered)
4" Port Jackson From Capetown, last port Aden. (GZKR)
The fact that signals were exchanged meant that the unknown vessel(s) were
presumed to be Allied and had supplied the appropriate secret call sign. If they had
not then Sydney would have challenged and put a shot across the bow from 10 miles
distance.
ALLIED MERCHANT SHIPS IN INDIAN OCEAN AND W.A. COASTLINE
Most merchant ships had one funnel. Some larger vessels may have had two.
The following ships were at sea between 11 November 1941 and 30 November 1941.
The information is contained in the Arrivals and Departures List, Port of Fremantle
for November 1941 and is available from Australian Archives, East Victoria Park,
W.A.
Ih
PINQ.SUBS.017.0056
'There was panic the next day [after checking smoke on horizon],five days outfrom
Fremantle [16Ih]there was a sub scare. Sydney lefi us and Zealandia raced offatfull
steam We knew something had been sighted The old Zealandia shuddered She was
frat out that night' (Lill, L)
'On the 16'~the Sydney disappeared to investigate. We were all intrigued as to why'
(Borthwick, C.)
'Merchant seamen on Zealandia said Sydney suspected a submarine' (Gamblin,g K)
'Sydney legged it one day to check out the sub' (Wade, A. K)
'I heard the rumour about the sub. I was open on deck' (Cooley,L.)
'There was a submarine scare. Sydney went olfitz a rush lo investigate' (Coxall, L.)
'I remember hearing the talk about a submarine' (Messenger, A.)
'Yes, 1remember the sub scare. I wasjust looking over the side of the boat
[Zealandia], when someone said 'What's that, was it a submarine?' (Walker, G.)
'There was talk of a sub scare. Different ones lined up along the rail. to watch.
Sydney left our ship and was awayfor a shor~time' (Kelly, W.)
'A minor submarine scare which at least gave us a break from the monotony as our
escort ship, H . M A S Sydney, sent up her single aircrafi in a recotttzaissance~ight'
(Candish, D., 1966, Ilp).
PINQ.SUBS.017.0057
COMMENT
I have never heard of 'a minor submarine scare'. A submarine is a submarine,
whatever its stripe and a ship goes to Action Stations.
Sydney was capable of detecting a submarine by Asdic and had sufficient speed to
outdistance any submarine. Zealandia did not. Was the submarine travelling on the
surface or was it submerged? Were signals exchanged or were they not? Was it an
Allied submarine or was it not?
Australia did not have any submarines in 1941. The British may have bad subs
operating from the RN naval bases of Trincomalee, Simonstown or Singapore. The
Dutch naval base was at Surabaya and the United States at Subic Bay in the
Philippines.
AIIied subs would have been travelling on the surface, not submerged.
Force), Main Boby (sic) Body: (CG "Chokai" DD x 1 EB: (Coeibutai (Escort Croup)
on 17 February 1942 (Pol., 11, 2630-lp).
Miracles occurred during WW2, but I doubt that 62 days is sufficient time to raise,
refloat, repair and survey a bombed and sunk destroyer off Miri, Borneo (17.12.41)
to an operational condition off the Celebes (Sulawesi) by (17 February 1942).
If the records are incorrect regarding Shinonome then Japanese naval history
records are fallible in other areas.
SIMULATED NIGHT ATTACKS, STAR SHELLS AND 'MAKING SMOKE'
Unlike the May 1941 convoy of Zealandia a n d Sydney, there was no simulated night
attack drills using star shells or 'making smoke' during the convoy of 11-17
November 1941.
None of the troops interviewed recall any of the above exercises.
The Ambassador of Japan (Canberra) has accounted for the approximate position
of Japanese submarines on 19 November 1941 (Submission No. 134, Vol11,27112718p) and German submarines were supposedly not operational in the Indian
Ocean until January 1943.
'Can't recall Sydney using star shells or making smoke. There were no simulated night
attacks' (Underwood,A. A.)
'Afew of us used to sit outside at night, up on deck. I can't remember Sydney ever
using star shells or smoke screens' (Reed, Z)
That request was placed before the J.S.C. on F.A.D. & T. at the Melbourne Hearing
re the Inquiry into the Circumstances of the Sinking of HMSSydney.
It is a valid question because I have detected one potential flaw ~JI Japanese naval
history that needs to be addressed by the Military History Department, National
Institute for Defense Studies, Tokyo.
The destroyer Shinonome 'was attacked next day [171bDecember 19411, by Dutch
aircraft, andflying boat X32 sank the destroyer Shinonome at Miri' (Gill, G.H., 1985,
503p & Page, R.A.H., VoL 4, 70Spl.
'There were no star shells, no smoke screens or simulated night attacks' (Dowd, J.)
According to Zealandia's Log there were two Boat Drills. One occurred on the 12
November and the other on 17 November 1941.
'2-00pm 12-11-41. At Sea. AN troops mustered at Boat Stations, & instructed re use of
lifejackets & embarkation into lifeboats' (AA (NSW)Series: SP290/2 Item: Zealandia
Log 29/10/41- 19/2/42).
'3.4Spm 17.11.41. At Sea. All troops mustered at Boat Stations & instructed re use of
lifeiackets & embarkation into lifeouts' (Ibid).
WEATHER DURING PERIOD 11 NOVEMBER 1941 Br 17 NOVEMBER 1941
'Admiral Helfrich records the loss of Shirtonome by air attack ("initially this ship was
considered as having struck a mine') as cottflrmed in 'most recent Japanese data
received Apr 1952". An earlier Japanese document, "Occupation of British Borneo,
AL.1096, Dec 1941" recorak "Enemy air attacks 17-18 December. Destroyer
Sftinonome sunk by bomb"'(1bid).
The weather and the sea were reported to have been excellent for sailing. A
thunderstorm with lighting was experienced a day out from Singapore.
However, the Japanese Militaw History Department, National Institute for Defense
Studies records Shinonome as operational and forming part of Marai Butai (Malay
'Tftesea was v e y calm, perfect, asflat as a millpond Sawfrj,ingfslt and sea snakes
on theparavanes. I'd never seen sea snakes orflyingfsh before' (Dowd, J.).
PINQ.SUBS.017.0058
'The weather was dead calm. Good weather. Lightning out of Singapore' (Gambling,
V.)
'Durban was just ahead on handover. It wasjust near midday or shortly thereafter'
(Walker, G.)
(Messenger,
A.)
'I recall that on I7 November we were handed over to HMS Durban, a sleek, white,
beaut$ul line - low to the waterline' (Underwood, 0.)
'HMS Durban in sight on handover' (Harris, J.).
The distance between the stated handover position and Keppel Harbour, Singapore
is approximately 625 miles.
At 8 knots = 78 hours
k t 11h o t s = 57 hours
At 14 h o t s = 44 hours
Zealandia must have limped along at 8 h o t s .
Computations courtesy of Lt. Cdr. Ean McDonald Ret.
There are discrepancies in the reported handover time amongst the men of the 8
Div. Ammunition Sub P a r k
Some recall that Sydney and Durban were present at handover and some recall an
early morning o r post noon handover. Some cannot recall seeing Durban.
'On Monday I7November the HMAS Sydney steamed ahead of us to meet the HMS
Durban our new escort, afler which she returned to usfull steam ahead with all
messageflags flying' (Reed, T.)
'There was emergency drill when Sydney went to meet Durban about 2.30pm. Sydney
came back atfull speed' (Zbid).
'She left usfor good atfirst light the next day [17'hl' (Doolan, B.)
...
'In the aflernoon the HMS Durban arrived to take over escortfrom the Sydney'
(Venables, M.,)
I t was requested at the Melbourne Hearing that the J.S.C. om F.A.D. & T a t the
Inquiry into the Circumstances of the Sinking of fPMAS Sydney to access the Logk
(Deck & W/T) ofHMSDurban from the Ministry of Defence U.K. to determine
exact handover time (if possible).
DORMER FLYING BOAT
Three personnel reported the presence of Dornier Flying Boats.
'Twoflying boats come outfrom Java before [before 171h]the HMS Durban arrived'
(Doolan, B.)
'There was a Dornierflying boat about a day or so before [18-19'~?]reaching
Singapore' @ill. J.)
'A Dutcfrflyng boatflew over Zealandia. It was so low that we could see the pilot and
the observer. Zsaw the machine gun towar& the back [of the Dornier]. We were
going North. ..itflew in the same direction as we were going. Theflying boat was
present when Durban [17Ih]~vasthere' Walker, G.)
'We were doing Boat Drill when we saw the Dornier. We were up on top deck' (Ibid).
'We [all] saw it and were told about it over the intercom' (Ibid).
Part of the troops training aboard Zealandin was to recognize the outlines of Allied
and enemy aircraft. There was a board with the shapes of aircraft pinned to it.
PINQ.SUBS.017.0059
COMMENT
The J.S.C. on F.A.D & T Inquiry into the Circumstances of the Sinking of IlLI91AS
Sydney were requested a t the Melbourne Hearing to access from British and Dutch
Archives signal packs from CinC China (Singapore) to CZM (Royal Netherlands
Navy, NEI) for signals regarding Dornier flying boat reconnaissance in connection
with HMS D u r b a d H W Sydney & HMTZealandia.
...
'The Sydney during escort kept to tfte rear of the Zealandia, at the most a couple of
miles away.. .usually to port' (Venables, M., 1993).
'She [Sydney] often used to go away and do a detourjust looking around' (Reed, T.)
At other times she would disappear to investigate smoke on the horizon and the
suspected submarine.
The Walrus was often catapulted off Sydney for reconnaissance and was winched
onboard afterwards.
'The Walrus was aloft evety day' (Dowd J.)
'The plane took offto scout around' (Pope, R.)
...
'The Sydneyput her light aircraft in the water itflew out...and was [winched] on
board again ' Yenables, M., 1993)).
The Walms was aloft just before handover to Durban.
'Theplane was up in tlze airjust before handover' (Paterson, B.)
'The plane had been up on reccejust before leaving' (Kdly, R.,).
'Walrus in the air at least twice between 11 November and the I ?" (Reed, T.)
PINQ.SUBS.017.0060
There is n world of difference in the command of Sydney during May 1941 and
November 1941. There were no Star Shells or smoke screens for entertainment.
Sister Betty Jeffrey, author of White Coolies (recently made into the film called
'Paradke Road'), Sister E.M. 'Betty' Bradwell SFX 11646 and Sr. Marjorie Blacker
were transported aboard Zealandia in May 1941 to 2/10 A.G.H. Malacca.
CONVOY US.14?
The Australian Army nursing sisters in Singapore were evacuated in two groups a
few days before the fall of Singapore. SP. E. M. Bradwell and Marjorie Blacker
were evacuated on Empire Star in Convoy SJ.2. They arrived safely in Fremantle.
Sr. Betty Jeffrey was ordered to leave Singapore on the 12 February 1942 in the
Vyner Brooke. She became a prisoner of war.
'Imagine my delight when in camp at Wayville in 1941, the Matron asked me $1 was a
good sailor and would I like a Sea Ambulance voyage? There werefourteen Sisters
who eventually arrived at Station Pier, Melbourne - expecting to see either the Queen
Mary or Queen Elizabeth no less, but instead there was the TSS Zealandia. She had
been a troopship during World War I s o was anything but modern, however, though
terribly crowded, we couldn't have been on a happier ship. The decks were oN boarded
up and hammocksfor troops were to be dodged everywhere we moved The Sisters
werefour to a two berth cabin with all our gear - trunks and all, and what with
blackout at night anything but comfortable' (Blacker, J., I2p)
'The HMAS Hobart escorted us to Perth and I didn't think that we were liked very
much because we were so slow, due to bad coal, they said. After leaving F'remantle we
were escorted by the dear H M S Sydney who used to send messages to the Sisters on
board. The Captain had our maftresses brought up on deck below the bridge each
night which meant a good night's sleep, to add to our enjoyment the Sydney used to
send up Star shells at early dawn, or make smoke screens probably notfor our benejit
but itseemed so. Captain Kerr [Zealandia] and his crew made our trip aspleasant as
possible' (Ibid, 13p).
Logically, the Convoy number for Sydney and Zealandia should have been Convoy
US.14.
Convoy US.13 comprising Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth escorted by HMRS
Canberra departed Fremantle 8 November 1941 (ASeries: MPI049/5Item:
2026/16/469 Tale: Transport Form, Numbers Personnel, Convoy US.13 Outward and
Return Trip, Date Range: March 1941 to April 1942)
Convoy US.14 applies to reinforcements for Malaya in late November 1941 (Series
0845/1 Item: 1941/458 Title: Convoy US.13 & 14).
I believe that Sydney and Zealandia was the only Convoy without a designated p r e f i
number in WW2 and there is no Report of Proceedings or the usual wealth of
information available from Australian Archives that is associated with other
Convoys.
OFFICIAL LOG BOOK H M TZEALANDIjl& MISSING WIRELESS LOGS
The Official Log Book for HMATZealandia (AA (NSW Series: SP 290/2 Item:
Zealandia Log 29/10/41-19/2/42) appears to be a reconstructed Log. Information is
generalized and bland. I t gives no insight into anything.
I t gives sparse information on the Zealandia's activities and nothing about
observations o r position (exact latitude and longitude) on any day.
An annotation on the front page of the Official Log Book states that the Wireless
Logs were destroyed.
I t is possible that the original Deck Log and Wireless Log were confiscated by the
RN o r RAN in Singapore. It was well known that Sydney had been lost by 23
November 1941. Zealandia departed Singapore 26 November 1941.
The Official Log Book seems to be written in the same hand, on the same day for
weeks a t a time until 1 February 1942. Thereafter it is reconstructed in much the
same fashion until the date of Zealandia's sinking in Darwin Harbour 19 February
1942.
PINQ.SUBS.017.0061
I doubt that the uninteresting Official Ship's Log was Captain R Kerrysfault.
SHIPS SPECIFICATIONS
Astoria
There was nothing untoward in the convoy and reconnaissance duties of Sydney that
presaged the event of 19120 November 1941.
Barossa
I believe the observations and memories of Tom Reed O.A.M., Max Venables and
Frank O'NeiU a r e succinct:
In all aspects, the escort and reconnaissance duties of H W Sydney during the
period 11November 1941 to 17 November 1941 were the epitome of a 'very proper
model of a proper English Admiral'.
'The Sydney sailors were all lined up on the deck of their ship and we soldiers were
impressed by the way the Sydney circled us in ceremonialparade before heading south
and the Durban heading norfh to Singapore' (Venables,M., 20 November 1995).
'Sydney's band played 'Waltzing Matifda' ( 0'Neiff,KF.)
'On Monday I November the H h 2 S Sydney steamed ahead of us to meet the HMS
Durban our new escori, after which she returned to usfull steam ahead w2h all
messagefTagsf7ying' (Read, T.,2I October I996).
'The message read -'GOODBYE- GOOD LUCKAhB GOOD SHOOTING TO ALL
ON BOARD' (Bid).
'What a wondetful sight (7bid).
CONCLUSION
If the written records are missingldestroyed or inadequate, o r no previous historian
or researcher has 'given life' to six vital days of HMjlSSydneyls history, then there
is value in gathering Oral History after all.
PINQ.SUBS.017.0062
Biri
Lloyd's No: 70875
Official No: Not allocated
Call Sign: LCWC
Tw. Scr. Wireless. D.F. 1 Deck
Gross Tonnage: 940
Built: 1914
By: Nylands Vaerksted, Oslo
Owners: AJS Ganger Rolf (Fred Olsen & Co. Mgrs)
Port of Registry: Oslo
Flag: Norwegian
Centaur
Lloyd's No: 71947
Official No: 147275
Call Sign: GMQP
(P) Oil eng. 2 Decks & Shade deck
Gross Tonnage: 3222
Built: 1924
By: Scott's S. B. & Eng. Co. Ltd., Greenock
Owners: Ocean S. S. Co. Ltd. (A. Holt & Co. Mgrs)
Port of Registry: Liverpool
Flag: British
PINQ.SUBS.017.0063
Katoomba
Lloyd's No: 77240
Official No: 132443
Call Sign: VJ5Y
(P) Trp. Scr. 2 Decks (stl) & 3rddeck (stl)
Gross Tonnage: 9424
Built: 1913
By: Harland & WoWf Ltd. Belfast
Owners: McIlwraith McEarchen Ltd.
Port of Registry: Melbourne
Flag: British
Koolinda
Lloyd's No. 77691
Official No: 140160
Call Sign: VJFC
(P) Tw. Scr. Oil eng. 2 Decks (st1- Weather Deck - teak)
Gross Tonnage: 4372
Built: 1926
By: Harland & Wolff Ltd., Glasgow
Owners: Government of Western Australia
Port of Registry: Fremantle
Flag: British
PINQ.SUBS.017.0064
Port Jackson
Lloyd's No: 81624
Official No: 165383
Call Sigu: GZKR
D.F. E.S.D. Tw. Scr. Oil eng. 2 Decks Cruiser stern
Gross Tonnage: 9687
Built: 1937
By: Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson Ltd., Newcastle
Owners: Port Line Ltd.
Port of Registry: London
Flag: British
PINQ.SUBS.017.0065
Saidia
Lloyd's No.
Official No: Not allocated in 41
Call Sign: PHHE
Q.F. E.S.D. Tw. Scr. 1 Deck Cruiser stern
Gross Tonnage: 6671
Buiit: 1939
By: N.V. Rotterdam Droogd. Maats. (New Waterway S B Co. Schiedam)
Owners: Nederl. Indische Tankstoomboot Maats
Port of Registry: The Hague
Flag: Dutch
Salfand
Lloyd's No: 82701
Official No: Not allocated
Call Sign: PRRV
Cruiser stern 2 decks
Gross Tonnage: 6447
Built: 1920
By: Barclay, Curle & Co. Ltd., Glasgow
Owners: N.V. tot Voortzetting van den Koninklijken, Hollandschen Lloyd
Port of Registry: Amsterdam
Flag: Dutch
PINQ.SUBS.017.0066
PINQ.SUBS.017.0067
ARCHIVES:
BOOKS:
Candish, D., 1966, We Who Survived, Calvert Publishing Co., Sydney.
Gill, G.H., 1985, Royal Australian Navy, 1939-1942, AWM in assoc. with Collins.
Jeffrey, Betty, 1997, White Coolies, Angus & Robertson, Australia
O'Neill, F.F., 1997, There Were No Hugs, Self Published, Hillcrest, $.A.
Lloyd's Register of Shipping (1941lP94211942) Lloyd's Of London Press Ltd.
PRIVATE COMMUNICATIONS:
SUBMISSIONS:
ARTICLES:
BLACKER, Jean, date unknown, Lighter Shades of Grey and Scarlet, Gillingham
Press.
Page, RA.&, 1998, Vol. 4, Submission No 59, Inquiry into the Circumstances of the
Sinking of NMAS Sydney
Satoh, Yukio, Ambassador of Japan, Vol. n. Submission No 134, Inquiry into the
circumstances of the sinking of HlblAS Sydney
Stevens, E.V., 1998, V o t 11,Submission No 123, Inquiry into the Circumstances of
the Sinking of HMAS Sydney