IOT Based Industrial Plant Safety Gas Leakage Detection

10 IV April 2022
https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41778
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue IV Apr 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
IOT Based Industrial Plant Safety Gas Leakage

Detection
Swarangi Sanjay Ghodvinde1, Mukta Milind Tanksale2, Megha Yashvant Patil3, Ms. Pranali Patil4
1, 2, 3
Computer Engineering, New Horizon Institute of Technology and Management, Thane, Mumbai, India
Abstract: Most of the fire-breakouts in industries are due to Gas leaks. These cause dreadful damage to the equipment, human
life leading to injuries, deaths, and environment. Currently Available leakage detectors warn the people around using on-site
alarms. So, this project proposes a leakage detector which sends the warning to the concerned people through SMS. This
detector senses the presence of harmful gases particularly, LPG, Methane and Benzene. LPG and Methane gases catch fire
easily resulting in blasts. Benzene is carcinogen effecting the health of workers, if inhaled in higher concentrations. Hence,
detection of these gases is essential. This low-cost project includes MQ6, MQ4 and MQ135 gas sensors which detect LPG,
Methane and Benzene gas leaks respectively and uses ESP-32 as a Wi-Fi module. The Concentration levels of the above-
mentioned gases are uploaded in the firebase cloud and the login details are included in the alert message so that the user can
check, if needed.
Keywords: Sensors, ESP-32, IOT cloud(firebase).
I. INTRODUCTION
In this project, it is necessary to continuously store the data with real time. Monitoring system is used in such places. This device
measures the data and displays it with real time and keeps storing it in on cloud . The data are various parameters of Sensors If
consider this varying input has to be studied, we can do it by knowing the different readings at different time period with the help of
the data sent to the cloud. This data gets stored, plotted, imported, exported with the help online API named Thingspeak.com or if
you are using google firebase then depends on project requirement, we can change the GUI of Android application. This system
even monitors whether the input is within specific limits or else there is an alarm warning for it at the Transmitter.[3] The
microcontroller will display on the display which is 16x2 LCD (liquid crystal display). This information will be sent to cloud with
help of Wi-Fi module i.e esp8266. There will be specific limits set inside the microcontroller for the data. Consider if the data goes
above this limit, the buzzer will make noise and the range of the data will be shown as out on the display. When no input is outside
the limit, the LCD will have the range shown as in. When any input goes beyond limits, the corresponding input range will be
shown as out. The buzzer will have beeps if one input is out of limits and will produce noise continuously if all the inputs are
outside limits.[3] The data is sent to the esp8266 continuously. For safety purpose fan will on and door will be close thorough
application.
II. METHODOLOGY STEPS
In the proposed framework. The gas sensors MQ4 are connected to the Arduino microcontroller. These sensors work in the favor of
the framework. The gas levels of each and every sensor is displayed on the LCD device connected to the proposed system[2]. The
Relay module to send the alert messages to the concerned authority. This system is extraordinary as it accumulates two-layer
security which comprises auto-air ventilation and automatic door locking mechanism is also present for added security. The
framework includes the system’s hardware and software activities. To encompass the working in detail, all the points are elucidated
in brief in the section below
A. System software
1) Arduino Programming Software
Arduino IDE is a special software running on your system that allows you to write sketches (synonym for program in Arduino
language) for different Arduino boards. The Arduino programming language is based on a very simple hardware programming
language called processing, which is similar to the C language
The Arduino integrated development environment (IDE) is a cross-platform application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is
written in the programming language Java. It is used to write and upload programs to Arduino compatible boards, but also, with the
help of 3rd party cores, other vendor development boards.
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The source code for the IDE is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2. The Arduino IDE supports the languages
C and C++ using special rules of code structuring. The Arduino IDE supplies a software library from the Wiring project, which
provides many common input and output procedures. User-written code only requires two basic functions, for starting the sketch
and the main program loop, that are compiled and linked with a program stub main() into an executable cyclic executive program
with the GNU toolchain, also included with the IDE distribution. The Arduino IDE employs the program avrdude to convert the
executable code into a text file in hexadecimal encoding that is loaded into the Arduino board by a loader program in the board's
firmware.
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino Software (IDE) - contains a text editor for writing code, a message
area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common functions and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduino and Genuino
hardware to upload programs and communicate with them.
2) Arduino Wi-Fi Pcb
B. System Hardware
1) MQ4
This semiconductor gas sensor detects the presence of methane (CNG) gas at concentrations from 300 ppm to 10,000 ppm, a range
suitable for detecting gas leaks. The sensor’s simple analog voltage interface requires only one analog input pin from your
microcontroller. This methane gas sensor detects the concentration of methane gas in the
air and outputs its reading as an analog voltage. The concentration sensing range of 300 ppm to 10,000 ppm is suitable for leak
detection. For example, the sensor could detect if someone left a gas stove on but not lit. The sensor can operate at temperatures
from -10 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V.
2) ESP8266 wifi Model

ESP8266 is a wifi SOC (system on a chip) produced by Espressif Systems . It is an highly integrated chip designed to provide full
internet connectivity in a small package. ESP8266 can be used as an external Wifi module, using the standard AT Command set
Firmware by connecting it to any microcontroller using the serial UART, or directly serve as a Wifi-enabled micro controller, by
programming a new firmware using the provided SDK. The GPIO pins allow Analog and Digital IO, plus PWM, SPI, I2C, etc. This
board has been around for almost a year now, and has been used mostly in IoT contexts, where we want to add connectivity for
example to an Arduino project. A wide adoption has been facilitated by the very modest price, ranging from 2.50 to 10 USD
depending on the features offered by the manufacturers.
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3) Buzzer
Buzzer having a piezo buzzer. It is basically a small speaker when electricity passes certain crystals will change shape, if we applied
certain frequency to the electric signal then that crystals make sound in our project we are using a buzzer as a notification alarm.
4) Relay Model
For the relay model we need to have a 12V power supply.it separate the hardware devices from remote device switching.By using
relay model we can control devices over a network.It connected to the arduino.by using Relay model we can connect the ventilation
fan and the door
a) Ventilation Fan: For Fan we required a 5v power supply. We are using fan for to reduce the exceed limit of gases.
b) Door: Functioning of door we required a 5v. for evacuating the peoples.
5) LCD Display
It shows output of the project (for example gas is leaked,gas limit is exceeded)
C. Implementation Diagram
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III. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

A. Advantages
1) It is easy to design and manufacture as all the components are easily available.
2) It is highly accurate and precise and also very reliable.
3) It is portable and hence can be placed anywhere.
4) The use of a micro-controller increases its scope of applications and modifications.
5) It has low cost of manufacturing
6) The Microcontroller can be reprogrammed if any modification is required.
7) power consumption is less
B. Disadvantages
1) If the power supply fails, the system won’t work .
2) Failure of device/components may have dire consequences, fatal accidents can occur.
IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The end-result of the sensors are displayed on the LCD screen. If the gas leakage is detected, the buzzer will be switched on and will
start beeping, meanwhile the associated software will send the alert message to the concerned authority via SMS (Blynk Software).
As soon as the SMS is received by the particular, the ventilation fan will be switched on and after evacuating the people from that
area the automatic door will be shut close to avoid dreadful situations.
REFERENCES
[1] https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9395774
[2] https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1109/ICISC47916.2020.9171093
[3] https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8777463
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10 IV April 2022

IOT Based Industrial Plant Safety Gas Leakage

2) Arduino Wi-Fi Pcb

2) ESP8266 wifi Model

b) Door: Functioning of door we required a 5v. for evacuating the peoples.

III. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

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