REVIEW OF LITERATURE

JOURNAL REVIEWS

1]Arun Aggarwalet.al[2021], conducted a quantitative study on Impact of online

classes on the satisfaction and performance of students during the pandemic period
of COVID 19. the aim of the study is to identify the factors affecting students’
satisfaction and performance regarding online classes during the pandemic period
of COVID–19 and to establish the relationship between these variables. The data
were collected from 544 respondents through online survey who were studying the
business management (B.B.A or M.B.A) or hotel management courses in Indian
universities. The results show that four independent factors used in the study viz.
quality of instructor, course design, prompt feedback, and expectation of students
positively impact students’ satisfaction and further student’s satisfaction positively
impact students’ performance. For educational management, these four factors are
essential to have a high level of satisfaction and performance for online courses.
This study is being conducted during the epidemic period of COVID- 19 to check
the effect of online teaching on students’ performance.

Reference: Gopal, r., singh, v. & aggarwal, a. impact of online classes on the
satisfaction and performance of students during the pandemic period of covid
19. educ inf technol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10523-1

2] Mahyoob, M.et.al (2020) conducted this study aims to determine the challenges
and obstacles confronted by English language learners (EFL) in Science and Arts
College, Alula, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia, during switching to online
learning in the second semester of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The
contribution of this study is to evaluate the learners’ new experiences in online
education and to assess the feasibility of the virtual methods of learning. This is
achieved by analyzing 184 learners’ responses to the survey-based questionnaire. A
descriptive statistical method was used to test the validation of the study. It is
found that the main problems that influence and impact online EFL learning during
COVID-19 are related to technical, academic, and communication challenges. The
study results show that most EFL learners are not satisfied with continuing online
learning, as they could not fulfill the expected progress in language learning
performance.
Reference: Mahyoob : challenges of e-learning during the covid-19 pandemic
experienced by efl learners, arab world english journal, 2020, volume 11 (4) 351-
362

3] Jill mask simpson et.al (2020) ,Student perceptions of quality and satisfaction
in online.The purpose of this study was to examine student perceptions of quality
and satisfaction in regionally accredited online courses. A total of 157 responses
(out of 1,774 solicited) were obtained from the student satisfaction questionnaire.
Results of the study confirmed with statistical significance that students who were
more comfortable with distance learning reported higher satisfaction with their
online course. Results of the study also indicated that online courses have
undergone a formal peer review may lead to higher student satisfaction in the
course. Surprisingly, however, results also indicated that courses that have not
undergone a formal peer review but that are offered at institutions that are
subscribed to a peer review iii program may lead to lower student satisfaction of
the course. Both of these results were non-significant.
Reference: Jill mask simpsonangelabenson, committee chair dougbarrett, elizabeth
fisher ,margaret rice vivian, department of educational leadership, policy, and
technology studies in the graduate school of the university of alabama.

45] Hien T (2019),This study examines the relationships among e-learning service
quality attributes, overall e-learning service quality, e-learning student satisfaction,
and e-learning student loyalty in the context of Vietnam, an emerging country.
Survey data collected from 1232 college students were analyzed by means of
exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation
modeling using SPSS 25 and SmartPLS 3.0. The results indicated that e-learning
service quality was a second-order construct comprising of three factors, namely,
e-learning system quality, e-learning instructor and course materials quality, and e-
learning administrative and support service quality. The e-learning system quality
was the most important dimension of overall e-learning service quality, followed
by e-learning instructor and course materials quality, and e-learning administrative
and support service quality. In addition, the overall e-learning service quality was
positively related to e-learning student satisfaction, which in turn positively
influences e-learning student loyalty.

Reference: Yam B. Limbu, Trung K. Bui, Hien T. Nguyen,and Huong T. Pham8,

Does e-learning service quality influence e-learning student satisfaction and
loyalty? Evidence from Vietnam, Pham et al. International Journal of Educational
Technology in Higher Education (2019)16:7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-
0136-3

5] Venu Madhav Sunkara (2017),Conducted a study is to analyze the tendencies

of contemporary learners about the use of e-learning systems in teaching and
learning process. A pre-designed questionnaire was canvassed to obtain learner
responses on a Likert scale. The instrument was divided into different groups based
on the nature of questions. The result of this survey shows that 77.49% of surveyed
students were comfortable in using internet and web services for learning while
51.93% of them were always able to use technology and internet for learning. The
survey results displayed that the students were not fully satisfied with present e-
learning systems although versatile in using internet and web. The survey results
clearly revealed the need for personalized and more adaptive e-learning systems
with possible moderator support to satisfy the needs of contemporary learners.

Reference : Venu madhav sunkara and rajasekhara rao kurra ,international journal
of computational intelligence research issn 0973-1873 volume 13, number 3
(2017), pp. 433-444 © research india publications http://www.ripublication.com

6]Muhammad Zaheer et.al [2015],revealed a study to measure the satisfaction of

students studying in e-learning mode in Pakistan. A structured questionnaire was
used to measure student satisfaction around eight dimensions namely: Assessment,
Course Content and Organization, Instructor, Learning Environment and Teaching
Methods, Learning Resources, Quality of Delivery, Student Contribution and
Tutorials. 21608 students participated in the study. Majority of the respondents
belonged to 17-30 years of age Survey reveals that students are highly satisfied by
the e-learning education provided by the university. Instructor support yielded
highest mean score (3.76) and tutorial support received lowest mean score (3.50);
on a 05 point Likert scale these scores are appreciative. The Result indicated that
majority of the students are satisfied from the education received in e-Learning
mode which shows e-learning has a lot of potential in augmenting higher education
in a country like Pakistan where capacity of higher education institutes is limited.
Reference: Zaheer, muhammad & babar, masroor & gondal, uzma & qadri,
mubashar. e-learning and student
satisfaction,2015https://www.researchgate.net/publication/295400881

B] Review of literature related to challenges of e-learning.

7]ClaudiuComan et.al (2020),The research focuses on identifying the way in
which Romanian universities managed to provide knowledge during the
Coronavirus pandemic., when, in a very short time, universities had to adapt the
educational process for exclusively online teaching and learning . An online survey
based on a semi-structured questionnaire was conducted and the Data was
collected from 762 students from two of the largest Romanian universities. The
results of the research revealed that higher education institutions in Romania were
not prepared for exclusively online learning. Thus, the advantages of online
learning identified in other studies seem to diminish in value, while disadvantages
become more prominent. . Technical issues are the most important, followed by
teachers’ lack of technical skills and their teaching style improperly adapted to the
online environment. However, the last place was assigned by students to the lack of
interaction with teachers or poor communication with them.

Reference : Claudiucoman ,laurent,iu gabriel t, luizameses, an-schmitz , carmen

stanciu and maria cristina bularca: online teaching and learning in higher education
during the coronavirus pandemic: students’ perspective, decemeber2020,
sustainability, ,volume 12, 10367.

8] Mohammed Nasser Hassan Ja'ashan (2020), conducted a study that attempts

to find out the challenges students' face in learning English as a foreign language
when using E-learning system at University of Bisha. There are many challenges
face both teachers and students during use E-learning. These challenges include
academic, technological; and administrative challenges. The study sample included
36 teaching staff and 261 EFL students at University of Bisha - English
department. To collect data required, the researcher developed questionnaires that
consist of three domains for both teaching staff and students separately. The study
results show that there are no significant differences between EFL students (males
and females) of E-learning activities. . The results also show that students aware of
the benefits of using E-learning. They perceive themselves as having a highly
positive attitude towards E-learning in English. However, the main advantage can
be used anywhere, anytime, and the E-learning system can adapt to the aims of
improving communication and enriching students' learning experiences.
Reference: Mohammed mohammed nasser hassan ja'ashan, the challenges and
prospects of using e-learning among efl students in bisha university, arab world
english journal (awej) volume 11. number,1march2020pp.124-137doi:
https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol11no1.11

9] Ja'ashan et. Al, (2020), This study attempts to find out the challenges students'
face in learning English as a foreign language when using E-learning system at
University of Bisha. It also investigates whether using E-learning is beneficial to
EFL students in their learning English to the degree anticipated. the study sample
included 36 teaching staff and 261 EFL students at University of Bisha - English
department. To collect data required, the researcher developed questionnaires that
consist of three domains for both teaching staff and students separately. The study
results show that there are no significant differences between EFL students (males
and females) of E-learning activities. The results also show that students aware of
the benefits of using E-learning. They perceive themselves as having a highly
positive attitude towards E-learning in English. (8)
Reference: Ja'ashan, m.m.n. h. (2020). the challenges and prospects of using e-
learning among efl students in bisha university. arab world english journal, 11 (1)
124-137. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol11no1.11

10] Michael K. Barbour et.al (2015), has stated a case study examined the use of
synchronous online instruction by one virtual school with students in a single rural
school. The purpose of this study was to explore the implementation of one virtual
school program , specifically their synchronous online instruction. The data from a
variety of collection methods revealed three themes: similarities with online
student experiences and their traditional classroom experiences, the development
of local learning communities, and the preference for students to use chat over
audio. Beaches All Grade has approximately 100 students and a staff of 15
teachers. The data revealed three main themes. First, the student experiences in the
synchronous online learning environment were quite consistent with what one
would expect of student experiences in a real-time face-to-face classroom. Second,
a strong sense of community and a local online-learning support group developed
among the students sitting in the room as they engaged in their synchronous online
classes. Third, during their synchronous online classes, the students preferred to
interact using the direct message or chat features, as opposed to the audio
functions.
Reference: Barbour, Michael. real-time virtual teaching: lessons learned from a
case study in a rural school. online learning(2015). 19. 54-68.
10.24059/olj.v19i5.705.
11] Falloon, G. (2012), explored a study to assess the student perception on
affordance and limitations regarding virtual classroom. Research indicates learners
studying at a distance can experience perceptions of isolation and lack of
‘belonging’ and support, which can adversely affect their learning experience and
performance. Total 22 students were participated. The Result revealed that while
virtual classroom use was viewed favorably, its value was influenced by task,
communication tools, multimedia usability and technical/logistical factors—some
of which were beyond student control.
Reference :Falloon, g. (2012). inside the virtual classroom: student perspectives on
affordances and limitations. journal of open flexible and distance learning. 16. 108-
126. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1079902.pdf

12] Vasile Gherhes et.al (2021),conducted a study that focuses exclusively on the
beneficiaries of the educational process and aims to find out their perceptions of
face-to-face and e-learning and their desire to return, or not, to the traditional form
of education. These perceptions are represented by 604 students of the Politehnica
University of Timisoara, who were asked to respond anonymously to an 8-question
questionnaire between December 2020 and February 2021. The results show the
respondents’ levels of desire to return to school (especially of those who have only
benefited from e-learning) and their degree of involvement during online classes.
The results also specify the advantages and disadvantages of the two forms of
education from a double perspective, namely that of first-year students
beneficiaries of e-learning exclusively, and of upper-year students beneficiaries of
both face-to-face and e-learning.
Reference: Vasile gherhes, claudia e. stoian , marcela alina farcas,iu and miroslav
stanici ,e-learning vs. face-to-face learning: analyzing students’ preferences and
behaviors. sustainability, march 2021, volume 13, 4381. https://
doi.org/10.3390/su1308438

13] Muthuprasad et.al (2021), focused on understanding Agricultural Student’s

perception and preference towards the online learning through an online survey of
307 students. We also explored the student’s preferences for various attributes of
online classes, which will be helpful to design effective online learning
environment. The results indicated that majority of the respondents (70%) are
ready to opt for online classes to manage the curriculum during this pandemic.
Majority of the students preferred to use smart phone for online learning. Using
content analysis, we found that students prefer recorded classes with quiz at the
end of each class to improve the effectiveness of learning. The students opined that
flexibility and convenience of online classes makes it attractive option, whereas
broadband connectivity issues in rural areas makes it a challenge for students to
make use of online learning initiatives. (11)
Reference: Muthuprasad, s. aiswarya, k.s. aditya, girish k. jha, students’
perception and preference for online education in india during covid -19 pandemic,
journal of social sciences & humanities open, volume 3, issue 1, 2021, 100101,
issn 2590-2911,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100101.n(https://www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/s2590291120300905)
14]Arthur-nyarkob (2019) The study employed an analytical survey to collect
and analyse from 517 participants made up of 284 undergraduates and 233
graduate students from two distance education institution in Ghana. However, 468
questionnaires were received and analyzed. The chi-square test of independence
was used in the data analysis. The internet access did not significantly influence
preference for e-learning delivery mode. the study recommended that the
government should establish a scheme to supply affordable ICT devices to distance
education.(12)
Reference: Arthur-nyarko, e.,kariuki, m. g.,. learner access to resources for
elearning and preference for elearning delivery mode in distance education
programmes in ghana. international journal of educational technology,2019, 6(2),
1-8.

15] Baturay, Meltem Huri(2015),revealed that the Online education has expanded
and is expected to continue growing rapidly in time along with technological
innovations. It is obvious that there is a movement toward online learning which
necessitates the need of more empirical evidence on effective learning and learners’
achievement. This study investigated effect of the variables: demographics (age,
gender, being employed/unemployed, and computer efficacy); Internet self-
efficacy; satisfaction (student-student, student-instructor, student-content
interaction); and the reasons for online education preferences of students’ on their
achievement. Differing from previous studies the current study particularly
investigates the effect of students’ reasons for their preferences of distance
education on their success besides all other variables. The results indicated that
there is a positive correlation between students’ reasons for their preferences of
distance education and their achievement scores which was measured by their final
test scores.

Reference: Baturay, meltem huri; yukselturk, erman , the role of online education
preferences on student's achievement ,turkish online journal of distance education-
tojde july 2015 issn 1302-6488 volume: 16 number: 3 article 1 p3-12.
https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ej1092845
16] Alaa Obeida, Rana Obeidat, Mohammed Al-Shalabi (2020) ,conducted a
study on e-Learning, is the utilization of the electronic technologies and the media
to deliver the educational content to the learners, enabling them to interact actively
with the content, the teachers, and their peers. The purpose of this study was to
assess students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the e-learning during COVID-
19 pandemic at the Hashemite University, Jordan. A total of 399 students
completed the online survey of the study. Study results showed that students’
overall evaluation of their e-learning experiences were generally positive.
However, students reported that they faced problems in the e-learning experiences
of which most were related to technical issues (e.g., lack of a viable internet
network, lack of laptops, etc.). Microsoft Teams was the platform most preferred
by students for e-learning and the majority of students accessed the educational
content using smart phones.
Reference: Alaa Obeida, Rana Obeidat, Mohammed Al-Shalabi, “The
Effectiveness of Adopting e-Learning during COVID-19 at Hashemite University”,
(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and
Applications,2020 Vol. 11, No. 12, 2020. Pg no. 96-104
17]Mohammed Amin Almaiah. Ahmad Al-Khasawneh, Ahmad
Althuniba(2020), revealed a study on the provision and usage of online and e-
learning system during covid-19. This study aims to explore the critical challenges
that face the current e-learning systems and investigate the main factors that
support the usage of e-learning system during COVID-19 pandemic. This study
employed the interview method using thematic analysis through NVivo software.
The interview was conducted with 30 students and 31 experts in e-learning systems
at six universities from Jordan and Saudi Arabia. The findings of this study offer
useful suggestions for policy-makers, designers, developers and researchers, which
will enable them to get better acquainted with the key aspects of the e-learning
system usage successfully during COVID-19 pandemic.
Reference: Mohammed Amin Almaiah. Ahmad Al-Khasawneh, Ahmad Althuniba,
Exploring the critical challenges and factors influencing the E-learning system
usage during COVID-19 pandemic. Education and Information Technologies,
2020.
18] Nurhizam Safie Mohd Satar , Azizan H. Morshidi , Omkar
Dastane(2020),Conducted a research on Success Factors for e-Learning
Satisfaction during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown The online questionnaires
were circulated among 500 students. The survey received total 488 responses and
total 470 valid responses were considered for analysis after removing missing data
and outliers as suggested by [35]. Demographic analysis was then carried out. The
data has fair representation related to several aspects such as gender with 58.9%
(277) female and 41.1% (193) male, type of higher education institutions with
57.4% (270) studying with public universities and 42.6% (200) studying with
private universities and colleges. 57.2% (269) students are from bachelor degree
program, 19.4% (91) studying master program followed by 16.8% (79) studying
diploma programs with remaining respondent studying various other courses such
as professional and certificates. A are unambiguously supported and accepted
model fit. The score of Chi-square is 3.669, GFI is 0.866, CFI is 0.938, TLI is
0.929, NFI is 0.917 and RMSEA is 0.075 in this measurement model. Therefore,
the results are competent to proceed for hypothesis testing to evaluate further if
there are significant coefficients of relationship existence.
Reference: Nurhizam Safie Mohd Satar , Azizan H. Morshidi , Omkar
Dastane(2020), Success Factors for e-Learning Satisfaction during COVID-19
Pandemic Lockdown, International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer
Science and Engineering, Volume 9, No.5, ISSN 2278-3091, t
http://www.warse.org/IJATCSE/static/pdf/file/ijatcse136952020.pdf , pg no. 7859-
7865
19] Marma Mohammed zalat et.al (2021) conducted to estimate the university
medical staff perceptions, evaluate their experiences, recognize their barriers,
challenges of e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, and investigate factors
influencing the acceptance and use of e-learning as a tool teaching within higher
education. Data was collected using an electronic questionnaire with a validated
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The majority (88%) of the staff members
agreed that the technological skills of giving the online courses increase the
educational value of the experience of the college staff. The rate of participant
agreement on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance of e-
learning was (77.1%, 76.5%, and 80.9% respectively). The highest barriers to e-
learning were insufficient/ unstable internet connectivity (40%), inadequate
computer labs (36%), lack of computers/ laptops (32%), and technical problems
(32%). Younger age, teaching experience less than 10 years, and being a male are
the most important indicators affecting e-learning acceptance.
Reference: Dost s, hossain a, shehab m: perception of medical students towards
online teaching during the covid-19,british medical journal, 5 november
2020 ;10:e042378. doi:10.1.

20] Meltem Huri BATURAY, Erman YUKSELTURK (2015,)This study

investigated effect of the variables: demographics (age, gender, being
employed/unemployed, and computer efficacy); Internet self-efficacy; satisfaction
(student-student, student-instructor, student-content interaction); and the reasons
for online education preferences of students’ on their achievement. Differing from
previous studies the current study particularly investigates the effect of students’
reasons for their preferences of distance education on their success besides all
other variables. The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between
students’ reasons for their preferences of distance education and their achievement
scores which was measured by their final test scores. according to results of the
regression analyses, preferences related to achievement was the only variable to
affect regression equation in the online course regression analyses. That was
accounted for about 5.1 % of the variance in students’ final grades.
Reference: Meltem Huri Baturay, Erman Yukselturk ‘The Role Of Online
Education Preferences On Student’s Achievement’ Turkish Online Journal Of
Distance Education-Tojde July 2015 Issn 1302-6488 Volume: 16 Number: 3 Article
1,Pg.No 3-12
BOOK REVIEWS:
1]Avinash Supe, Nirmala Rege, Pritha Bhuiyan (2015)A Virtual Learning
Environment (Vle), Also Called As A Learning Management System Is Web -
Based Software That Can Be Used To Put Up The E-Learning Modules. The
Modules Can Be Easily Developed By The Teacher And Does Not Need An It
Expert To Create Them .
Reference: Avinash Supe, Nirmala Rege, Pritha Bhuiyan , The Textbook Of The
Art Of Teaching Medical Student, Elsevier Publication (2015) 3rd Edition Pg.No-
120-121.
2] K.P. Neerja (2009),Distance education is a form of education in which the
students of universities and institutes of the higher learning do not attend regular
classes or lectures but instead study teaching material especially prepared for this
purpose by professor and their staff together with experts in distance education and
interact indirectly with members of the teaching staff means of technical media for
the guidance and control of their learning.
Reference: K.P. Neerja,textbook of nursing education ,jaypee publication
2009,pg.no- 364-365.
3] Avinash Supe, Nirmala Rege, Pritha Bhuiyan (2015), e- learning has changed
over time as the process has evolved a concise definition presented by fee (2009)
says that “e- learning is an approach to learning and development a collection of a
learning methods using digital Technologies which enables distribute and enhance
learning.
Reference: Avinash Supe, Nirmala Rege, Pritha Bhuiyan , The Textbook Of The
Art Of Teaching Medical Student, Elsevier Publication (2015) 3rd Edition Pg.No-
118-119.
4] K.P. Neerja (2009)The national policy on education (1986) highlighted the role
of open learning and distance education for the democratization of education in the
country.
Reference: K.P. Neerja,textbook of nursing education ,jaypee publication
2009,pg.no- 369
5] Elsa sanatombi devi(2006)The innovative approach used in competency based
programme as nursing have been rewarding for the nursing profession specifically
to update the knowledge and skill an empower the women of the country .
Reference: Elsa sanatombi devi, textbook of manipal manual of nursing education,
CBS publication,(2006), pg.no-304
6] Elsa sanatombi devi(2006), Online discussion allows student to interact with
classmate outside class and online discussion is not fixed in time or space. Students
can log on at any time from any internet –enabled computer to seek clarification
for issues they encounter in their course work to discuss topic raised in class, or to
initiate new discussion on related topic.
Reference: Elsa sanatombi devi, textbook of manipal manual of nursing education,
CBS publication,(2006), pg.no-305
7] Jaspreet kaur sodhi (2017) Holmberg (1981) has defined distance ducation as
the various forms of study at all level which are not under the continous immediate
supervision on tutors present with their students in lecture rooms or not the same
premises but which nevertheless , benefit from the planning guidance and tutorial
organization.
Reference: jaspreet kaur sodhi ,textbook of nursing education , jaypee
publication,2017, pg no- 324
8] Jaspreet kaur sodhi (2017) As a concept distance education has recent origin it
has emerged as a result of rapidly changing national and international
situation.marked by new human needs and aspirations. Change has become a
watchword of successful living and education has been recognized as a tool for
bringing this change in the desired manner.
Reference: Jaspreet kaur sodhi ,textbook of nursing education , jaypee
publication,2017, pg no- 325

9] Shabber .P. basher(2018),distance education is a system of rational action for

the imparting of a knowledge , skill and attitude , their by the originally directed
social relationship between teacher and student are substitute to a great extend by
in a direct relation that are characterized by technical rules and prescription.
Reference: Shabber .P. basher, textbook of nursing education, emmess
publication , 2018 , pgno-314.
10] K.P. Neerja ,(2009)This policy categorically stated that the further thrusts
would be in the direction of the distance and open learning system .in 1998 seven
open universities in india offering numerous of degree and post degree and
diploma courses.
Reference: K.P. Neerja,textbook of nursing education ,jaypee publication
2009,pg.no- 369
11] Neelamkumari (2014), A system of a learning and teaching through an
electronic media especially the internet.
Reference: neelamkumari (2014), a textbook of communication and education
technology, pvee publication , pg.no- 215
12] Keshav suvarnakar (2009)e-learning is an effective method of spreading
education to rural and remote area.
Reference: Keshav suvarnakar ,textbook of community health nursing, 2nd edition,
lotus publication ,(2009)pgno-560
13] Suresh k sharma ,Reena Sharma (2018)e-learning is a structured course or
learning experience delivered electronically.
Reference: Suresh k sharma ,Reena Sharma, textbook of communication and
educational technology , elsevier publication,2018,pg no-179.

14] Punita ezhilarasu(2018)e-learning also refer to online learning ,is the

acquisition of knowledge which take place through electronic media.

Reference: Punita ezhilarasu,textbook of educational technology integrating

innovations in nursing education. Wolters kluwer publication, 2018,pg no-304

15] BT Basavantappa (2009) for adults online learning often manage to solve the
numerous challenges adults learner faced during study.
Reference: BT Basavantappa, textbook of nursing education, jaypee publication,
2009, 2nd edition ,pgno-1207

16] Suresh k Sharma, companies , on the other hand , use e-learning to boast the
knowledge , skill and overall productivity of their employees.
Reference: Suresh k Sharma, textbook of administration and management services
, jaypee publication, 2nd edition, pg no-205

17] Lothera E , It is the one of the most convenient way to greater the knowledge
and information in interactive way.
Reference: Lothera E, textbook of teaching and learning in schools of learning,
konar publication, 2008, 3rd edition, pg no-75

18] Pramilaa R , e-learning is a way to provide quick delivery of lessons .as

compared to traditional classroom method.
Reference: Pramilaa R , textbook of nursing communication and education
technology, jaypee publication, 2008, pg no-283

19] Punitha Ezhilarasu(2018 )Distance learning plays a prominent role in

delivering education news statergies and technologies to deliver distance education
can be developed. National consortium for phd nursing by INC and rajiv ghandhi
university , Karnataka, India, as an example.
Reference: Punitha Ezhilarasu, textbook of educational technology integrating
innovations in nursing education , wolters kluwer ,2018 pg.no- 263
20] Shabber .P. basher(2018)The scientific and technological advancement have
influenced and will continue to influence nursing , as they do in all spheres of all
human activities. According to the report of the high power committee of nursing
and nursing profession.
Reference: Shabber .P. basher, textbook of nursing education, emmess
publication , 2018 , pgno-313.