Science: Quarter 3 - Weeks 1-2
Science: Quarter 3 - Weeks 1-2
Science: Quarter 3 - Weeks 1-2
Science
Quarter 3 - Weeks 1-2:
Module 1:
Motion: Distance, Displacement,
Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
AIRs - LM
Science7
Quarter No 3 - Module 1: Motion: Distance, Displacement, Speed, Velocity,
and Acceleration
First Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
Motion is the area of physics that studies how things move. It was developed
about 300 years ago by Isaac Newton. He discovered that all objects move according
to three basic laws. Newton’s Laws can explain almost all of physics. When we look
at the other branches of classical physics, they all can be explained using these laws
of motion.
This module will tackle how to define motion through distance, displacement,
speed or velocity, and acceleration
After going through this module, you are expected to attain the following
objectives:
Subtasks
• define motion;
• identify the reference point;
• describe objects in terms of distance or displacement; and
• calculate speed, velocity and acceleration of an object.
Pre-Test
Multiple Choice. Read the following questions and write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
______1. Which of the following refers to the length of the entire path traveled by an
object?
A. acceleration B. displacement C. distance D. motion
______3. Which of the following is refered to as the shortest distance from the initial
position to the final position?
A. displacement B. distance C. reference point D. velocity
______4. Which of the following is the change in position for a particular time
interval?
A. acceleration B. displacement C. distance D. motion
______5. Tanya walked 250 m from their house to the market and walked another
100 m to her friend’s house. What is the distance traveled by Tanya?
A. 100 m B. 250 m C. 350 m D. 450 m
______6. Joel wanted to visit his mother in the hospital 1 km away from their house,
what is the distance Joel needed to travel to go to the hospital and back to
their house?
A. 500 m B. 1 km C. 1.5 km D. 2 km
______7. Barry traveled 500m from the hospital to the market to buy fruits and
then returned to the hospital, what is the total distance traveled by Barry?
A. 0 m B. 550 m C. 1000 m D. 1500 m
______8. Barry traveled 500m from the hospital to the market to buy fruits and
then returned to the hospital, what is the displacement of Barry?
A. 0 m B. 550 m C. 1000 m D. 1500 m
______9. How can you explain your travel through an illustration if you travel 200m
from your house to the market then back to your house?
A. House _____________________________ Market
200 m
B. House _____________________________ Market
200 m
C. House _____________________________ Market
200 m
D. House _____________________________ Market
200 m
*For numbers 10-15 please refer to the illustration below
_____13. What is the position of the dog with respect to the tree?
A. 10 m to the right of the tree
B. 10 m to the left of the tree
C. 15 m to the right of the tree
D. 15 m to the left of the tree
_____14. What is the position of the tree with respect to the house?
A. 5 m to the left of the house
B. 5 m to the right of the house
C. 10 m to the right of the house
D. 10 m to the left of the house
_____15. What is the position of the house with respect to the dog?
A. 5 m to the right of the dog
B. 10 m to the right of the dog
C. 20 m to the right of the dog
D. 25 m to the right of the dog
Lesson
Distance and Displacement
1
Observe your surroundings, can you say that everything moves? How can you
tell that an object is in motion? Can you describe it? What are your basis in
describing motion?
In this lesson you will describe motion based on distance and displacement.
Jumpstart
Activity 1
You don't always need to see something move to know that motion has taken
place. A reference point is needed to determine the position of an object. Motion and
Position Motion occurs when an object changes its position relative to a reference
point. The motion of an object depends on the reference point that is chosen.
The position of an object can be described in many ways. You can use words
or visuals like diagrams or graphs.
Consider the diagram in Figure 1. The positions of the objects are described
in the diagram by their coordinates along the number line.
Q3. What is the position of the dog with respect to the house?
________________________________________________________________
Q4. What is the position of the tree with respect to the dog?
_______________________________________________________________
Q5. How many meters does the dog need to travel to go to the house?
_______________________________________________________________
Discover
Distance and displacement are two quantities that may seem to mean the same
thing yet have distinctly different definitions and meanings.
• Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object has
covered" during its motion. It is the length of the path traveled by a body while
moving from an initial position to a final position. There is always a distance
covered whenever there is a motion, and lastly distance measured is always
positive.
•
• Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object
is"; it is the object's overall change in position.It is the shortest distance
between the initial position and final position of the body. Displacement can
be positive or negative depending on the reference point. Displacement will be
zero if the body comes back to its initial position.
Now Let’s understand the concept of distance and displacement with the help
of the following diagrams:
If the boy traveled from point A to point B to point C, the distrance traveled or
the total path traveled will be 7m. While the displacement, which is the shortest
distance from the initial position (point A) to the final position (point C) is 5m
(http://thescienceclassroom.org/physics/motion-in-1-d/distance-and-displacement/)
Guide Questions:
1. What is motion?
_________________________________________________________________________
• It is the length of the path traveled by a body while moving from an initial
position to a final position.
• It is the shortest distance between the initial position and the final position of
the body.
• It is a scalar quantity
• It is a vector quantity
• Measure is always positive
• Can be positive or negative depending on the reference point.
• There is always this whenever there is motion
• It will be zero if the body comes back to its initial position
Activity 3
C D
3. Leila wanted to buy some fresh vegetables from the market, so she decided to
go early in the morning. She traveled 20 m north, then 15 m west, she then
turned 20 m south and 10 m east to arrive at the market. What is Leila’s total
distance traveled?
Deepen
Activity 4
Materials
Objective
In this activity you should be able to make a roadmap that shows how Gigi
get to school from their house.
Scenario
Gigi is a grade 7 student who lives 250 meters away from their school, she
would always wake up early to walk to school with her friends. To go to school she
travels 20 m north of their house towards a store near the crossing, she then walks
30 meters west of the store until she arrives at a big blue house. From the north of
the big blue house she then walks 100 meters towards an eatery, and then walks
another 100 meters east of the eatery before arriving at their shool.
Procedure
1. Read the given scenario above, take note of the given landmarks and
distances.
2. Using your gathered data, draw Gigi’s house-school roadmap on a short bond
paper. Decide on the most convenient scale to use when you draw your
roadmap. An example is shown below.
Scale: 1 cm = 10 m
3. Label your roadmap properly, including the given landmarks. Specify also the
length of road. You can use coloring materials to make your work more
creative.
Q1. What is the total length of Gigi’s travel from their house to school?
______________________________________________________________
Direction: True or False: Read each statement properly. Write T if the statement is
true and write F if the statement is false. Use a separate sheet of paper
for your answer.
______1. Distance refers to the length of the entire path traveled by an object.
______2. Displacement is needed to determine the position of an object.
______3. Reference point is refered to as the shortest distance from the initial
position to the final position
______4. Motion is the change in position for a particular time interval.
______5. Displacement can be positive or negative depending on the reference point.
Multiple Choice. Read the following questions and write the letter of your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
______6. Joel wanted to visit his mother in the hospital 1 km away from their house,
what is the distance Joel needed to travel to go to the hospital and back to
their house?
A. 500 m B. 1 km C. 1.5 km D. 2 km
______7. Barry traveled 500m from the hospital to the market to buy fruits and
then returned to the hospital, what is the total distance traveled by Barry?
A. 0 m B. 550 m C. 1000 m D. 1500 m
______8. Barry traveled 500m from the hospital to the market to buy fruits and
then returned to the hospital, what is the displacement of Barry?
A. 0 m B. 550 m C. 1000 m D. 1500 m
______9. How can you explain your travel through an illustration if you travel 200m
from your house to the market then back to your house?
_____13. What is the position of the dog with respect to the tree?
A. 10 m to the right of the tree
B. 10 m to the left of the tree
C. 15 m to the right of the tree
D. 15 m to the left of the tree
_____14. What is the position of the tree with respect to the house?
A. 5 m to the left of the house
B. 5 m to the right of the house
C. 10 m to the right of the house
D. 10 m to the left of the house
_____15. What is the position of the house with respect to the dog?
A. 5 m to the right of the dog
B. 10 m to the right of the dog
C. 20 m to the right of the dog
D. 25 m to the right of the dog
Lesson
Speed, Velocity and Acceleration
2
After determining how far the object moves, the next question will be “How
fast did the object move?” This information can be provided by the object’s speed or
velocity.
Are you familiar with the traffic signs? These signs tell us the maximum or
minimum speed limits allowed by law for road vehicles. In general, the minimum
speed limit in the Philippines is 60 km/h and the maximum speed limit is 100 km/h.
Speed, velocity and acceleration are things that are common to us in our daily
lives, but are abstract when discussed. In this lesson you will learn how to define
motion by speed, velocity and acceleration.
Jumpstart
Activity 1: Find Me
Find and encircle the terms indicted below the word hunt.
A C C E L E R A T I O N Q D W E
M I Y A N H E D I R E C T I O N
S A I G O O N O M O O M D S T B
S A G I T A E V E L O C I T Y H
G P U N L A B F T E F I S A F J
A Y E W I K Y A M B H M P N G K
N K A E K T N A S A R I L C O L
D I W A D G U G U L N M A E I F
F G E R T I G D E R P H C F U S
S S Y S K L M O E N M I E U Y D
N P R K J M N J U N G L M N E R
H E J N N O K T H N O R E Y R Y
O O E J G O I A Y G O F N H T W
S K O U K K M E U Y N G T F R E
What is Speed?
You are probably familiar with the concept of speed. Speed is a type of rate. A
rate tells you the amount of something that occurs during a given unit of time. If you
know the distance an object travels in a certain amount of time, you know the speed
of the object. For example, if a car travels 70 miles in one hour, the car is traveling
at a speed of 70 miles/hour (miles per hour).
If the speed of an object does not change during its motion, the object is
traveling at a constant speed.
Most objects do not move at a constant speed very long. Most moving objects
change speed many times while in motion. Marathon runners do not run at a
constant speed during the entire race. At the starting line, there are many runners
crowded together, so the runners are forced to move slowly. As the crowd thins out,
a runner can increase his or her speed. The runner may slow down as he or she
climbs a hill and increases speed going down the hill. When the race is over, a runner
may calculate his or her average speed. The average speed of an object tells you the
average rate at which it covers distance.
𝑑
You can calculate speed by dividing distance over time. 𝑠 = , where s is the
𝑡
speed, d is the distance traveled by an object, and t is the time. SI unit: m/s, m s−1
What is Velocity?
Have you heard the term velocity? Many people often use the terms speed
and velocity interchangeably, but speed and velocity are different.
1 2
(https://www.texasgateway.org/resource/speed-velocity-and-acceleration)
One of the statements describes the speed of the airplane, and the other one
describes the velocity. Which statement shows velocity?
When you know both the speed and direction of an object's motion, you know
the velocity of the object, thus statement 1 describes the speed of an airplane while
statement 2 describes the velocity of an airplane.
What is Acceleration?
• If an object does not change its position at a given time interval, then it is
at rest or its speed is zero or not accelerating.
• If an object covers equal distance at equal intervals of time, then it is moving
at constant speed and still not accelerating.
• If an object covers varying distances at equal intervals of time, then it is
moving with changing speed or velocity, it means that the object is
accelerating.
Explore
Sample problem:
An object traveled a distance of 500 m in 60 s, what is the speed of the object?
𝑑 500 𝑚
Given: d = 500 m Formula: 𝑠 = Solution: 𝑠 =
𝑡 60 𝑠
t = 60 s
s=? s = 8.33 m/s
3. A truck travels 110 miles in 2 hours. What is the average speed of the truck?
Activity 3: Calculating Velocity
Sample problem:
What is the velocity of a car that traveled a total of 75 km north in 1.5 hours?
∆𝑠 75 𝑘𝑚
Given: ∆s = 75 km Formula: 𝑣 = Solution: 𝑠 =
∆𝑡 1.5 ℎ𝑟
∆t = 1.5 hr
v=? v = 50 km/hr north
1. What is the velocity of an object that traveled a distance of 1000 m due south in
50 s?
2. A car traveled a total distance of 55 km due east in 2 hrs, what is the velocity of
the car?
3. What is the velocity of a plane that traveled 3000 km west from New York to
California in 5 hours?
Activity 4: Calculating Acceleration
Sample problem:
1. A slug traveling at 3 mm/h, East decided to race the slug next to him increasing
his velocity to 5 mm/h, East in one hour. What was the slug’s acceleration?
2. A driver starts his parked car and within 5 seconds reaches a speed of 60 km/h,
as he travels east. What is his acceleration?
Materials
ruler
paper strips with dots
cutter or pair of scissors
Procedure
The difference in length between two successive tapes provides the object’s
acceleration or its change in speed or velocity for a time interval of 1 second.
Q5. How will you compare the changes in the lengths of two successive tapes?
Q6. What then can you say about the acceleration of the moving car?
Gauge
True or False: Read each statement properly. Write T if the statement is true and
write F if the statement is false.
______1. Acceleration is a vector quantity that measures displacement over the
change in time.
______2. Motion is defined as distance traveled divided by the time of travel.
______3. Acceleration is the vector quantity that refers to the rate of change in
speed or velocity of an object?
______4. Velocity refers to the rate of change in displacement.
______5. If an object does not change its position at a given time interval, then it is
at rest or its speed is zero or not accelerating.
______6. If an object covers equal distance at equal intervals of time, then it is
moving at constant speed and still not accelerating.
______7. If an object covers varying distances at equal intervals of time, then it is
moving with changing speed or velocity, it means that the object is
accelerating.
______8. If an object changes its position at a given time interval, then it is at rest
or its speed is zero or not accelerating.
______9. If an object covers equal distance at equal intervals of time, then it is
moving at constant speed and accelerating.
Multiple Choice. Read the following questions and write the letter of your answer
on a separate sheet of paper
_____10. Anna travelled 500 m to their house in 600 s. What is the speed of Anna?
A. 0.83 m/s B. 2 m/s C. 2.7 m/s D. 3 m/s
_____11. Judging from the given time-distance graph of the speed of four cars.
Which car below is moving the fastest?
time
distance
distance
distance
time time time time
_____13. What is the velocity of an object that traveled a distance of 100 m due
east in 10 s?
A. 10 m/s2 B. 10 m/s due east C. 10 m east D. 10 m/s
_____15. In a summer storm, the wind is blowing with a velocity of 8 m/s north.
Suddenly in 3 seconds, the wind’s velocity is 23 m/s north. What is the
wind’s acceleration?
A. 5 m/s2 north B. 5 m/s north C. 5 m/s2 south D. 5m/s south
Pre-Test EXPLORE Gauge
1.C ACTIVITY 2 1.T
2.C DISTANCE DISPLACEMENT 2.F
3.A It is the length of It is the shortest 3.F
4.D the path traveled distance between the 4.T
5.C by a body while initial position and the 5.T
6.D moving from an final position of the 6.D
7.C initial position to a body 7.C
8.A final position. 8.A
9.B It is a scalar It is a vector quantity 9.B
10.B quantity 10.A
11.D Measure is always Can be positive or 11.D
12.C positive negative depending on 12.C
13.D the reference point. 13.D
14.D There is always It will be zero if the 14.D
15.D this whenever body comes back to its 15.D
there is motion initial position
ACTIVITY 3
JUMPSTAR 1. Distance – 20 m
T Displacement – 0 m
ACTIVITY 1 2. a. 20 m d. 60 m
Q1. -10 m b. 20 m e. 40 m
Q2. 5 m c. 20 m
Q3. 25 m to 3. 65 m
the left of
the house
Q4. 15 m to
the right of
the dog
Q5. 25 m
Lesson 1
Answer Key
JUMPSTART
Pre-Test
1. D
2.C
3.A
4.B
5.A
6.A
7.B
8.B
9.A
10.A
11.T
12.T
13.T
14.F
15.F
Gauge
1. F
2.F
EXPLORE 3.T
ACTIVITY 2 4.T
1. 10 m/s 5.T
2. 25 m/s 6.T
3. 55 mph 7.T
ACTIVITY 3 8.F
1. 20 m/s due south 9.F
2. 27.5 km/h due east 10.B
3. 600 km/h west 11.A
ACTIVITY 4 12.B
1. 2 mm/h2 east 13.B
2. 5 km/h2 east 14.A
3. 1 m/s2 south 15.A
Lesson 2
References
Science 7 Learner’s Material, First Edition 2017 Alvie J. Asuncion et.al
https://wonders.physics.wisc.edu/what-is-motion/
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-1/Distance-and-
Displacement#:~:text=Distance%20is%20a%20scalar%20quantity,object's%20overa
ll%20change%20in%20position.
https://byjus.com/physics/distance-and-displacement/
http://thescienceclassroom.org/physics/motion-in-1-d/distance-and-
displacement/
https://www.livingston.org/cms/lib9/NJ01000562/Centricity/Domain/1355/Moti
on%20Notes%20PPT%20STUDENT%20KEY.pdf
https://www.texasgateway.org/resource/speed-velocity-and-acceleration
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/one-dimensional-
motion/displacement-velocity-time/v/calculating-average-velocity-or-
speed#:~:text=Velocity%20(v)%20is%20a%20vector,equation%20r%20%3D%20d%2
F%CE%94t.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-physics/one-dimensional-
motion-2/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration-
2/v/acceleration#:~:text=Acceleration%20(a)%20is%20the%20change,includes%20
both%20magnitude%20and%20direction.
https://www.lcps.org/cms/lib/VA01000195/Centricity/Domain/15490/Speed%2
0and%20Velocity%20Extra%20Practice.pdf
https://www.mayfieldschools.org/Downloads/Speed_Velocity_Acceleration_Worksh
eet_Blank.pdf