Testing and Quality Assurance
Testing and Quality Assurance
Testing and Quality Assurance
The software system needs to be checked for its intended behavior and direction of progress at
each development stage to avoid duplication of efforts, time and cost overruns, and to assure
completion of the system within stipulated time.The software system needs to be checked for its
intended behavior and direction of progress at each development stage to avoid duplication of
efforts, time and cost overruns, and to assure completion of the system within stipulated time.
System testing and quality assurance come to aid for checking the system. It includes −
Testing
Testing is the process or activity that checks the functionality and correctness of software according
to specified user requirements in order to improve the quality and reliability of system. It is an
expensive, time consuming, and critical approach in system development which requires proper
planning of overall testing process.
A successful test is one that finds the errors. It executes the program with explicit intention of finding
error, i.e., making the program fail. It is a process of evaluating system with an intention of creating a
strong system and mainly focuses on the weak areas of the system or software.
Test Strategy
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/system_analysis_and_design/system_analysis_and_design_testing_quality_assurance.htm 1/5
7/15/22, 10:07 AM Testing and Quality Assurance
It is a statement that provides information about the various levels, methods, tools, and techniques
used for testing the system. It should satisfy all the needs of an organization.
Test Plan
It provides a plan for testing the system and verifies that the system under testing fulfils all the
design and functional specifications. The test plan provides the following information −
A number of test cases are identified for each module of the system to be tested.
Each test case will specify how the implementation of a particular requirement or design
decision is to be tested and the criteria for the success of the test.
The test cases along with the test plan are documented as a part of a system specification
document or in a separate document called test specification or test description.
Test Procedures
It consists of the steps that should be followed to execute each of the test cases. These procedures
are specified in a separate document called test procedure specification. This document also
specifies any special requirements and formats for reporting the result of testing.
Test result file contains brief information about the total number of test cases executed, the number
of errors, and nature of errors. These results are then assessed against criteria in the test
specification to determine the overall outcome of the test.
Types of Testing
Testing can be of various types and different types of tests are conducted depending on the kind of
bugs one seeks to discover −
Unit Testing
Also known as Program Testing, it is a type of testing where the analyst tests or focuses on each
program or module independently. It is carried out with the intention of executing each statement of
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/system_analysis_and_design/system_analysis_and_design_testing_quality_assurance.htm 2/5
7/15/22, 10:07 AM Testing and Quality Assurance
In unit testing, accuracy of program cannot be assured and it is difficult to conduct testing of
various input combination in detail.
Integration Testing
In Integration Testing, the analyst tests multiple module working together. It is used to find
discrepancies between the system and its original objective, current specifications, and systems
documentation.
Here the analysts are try to find areas where modules have been designed with different
specifications for data length, type, and data element name.
It verifies that file sizes are adequate and that indices have been built properly.
Functional Testing
Function testing determines whether the system is functioning correctly according to its
specifications and relevant standards documentation. Functional testing typically starts with the
implementation of the system, which is very critical for the success of the system.
Positive Functional Testing − It involves testing the system with valid inputs to verify that the
outputs produced are correct.
Negative Functional Testing − It involves testing the software with invalid inputs and
undesired operating conditions.
Before writing testing scripts, understand the business logic should be understood thoroughly.
Quality Assurance
It is the review of system or software products and its documentation for assurance that system
meets the requirements and specifications.
Software quality Assurance (SQA) is a techniques that includes procedures and tools applied
by the software professionals to ensure that software meet the specified standard for its
intended use and performance.
The main aim of SQA is to provide proper and accurate visibility of software project and its
developed product to the administration.
It reviews and audits the software product and its activities throughout the life cycle of system
development.
To monitor the software development process and the final software developed.
To ensure whether the software project is implementing the standards and procedures set by
the management.
To notify groups and individuals about the SQA activities and results of these activities.
To ensure that the issues, which are not solved within the software are addressed by the upper
management.
To identify deficiencies in the product, process, or the standards, and fix them.
At this level, offline software is examined or checked for any violations of the official coding rules. In
general, the emphasis is placed on examination of the documentation and level of in-code
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/system_analysis_and_design/system_analysis_and_design_testing_quality_assurance.htm 4/5
7/15/22, 10:07 AM Testing and Quality Assurance
comments.
At this level, it is checked that the software can compile and link all official platforms and operating
systems.
At this level, it is checked that the software can run properly under a variety of conditions such as
certain number of events and small and large event sizes etc.
At this final level, it is checked that the performance of the software satisfies the previously specified
performance level.
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/system_analysis_and_design/system_analysis_and_design_testing_quality_assurance.htm 5/5