Página 1 de 10

tm1496 - 300D, 310D, 315D Backhoe Loader

System Operational Procedure

System Operational Procedure

The procedure is designed so that mechanic can make a quick check of the power train using a minimum amount of diagnostic
equipment. If you need additional information, read the Theory of Operation in Group 9020-05.

A location will be required which is level and has adequate space to operate machine.

The engine and all major components must be at operating temperature for some checks.

Locate system check in the left column and read completely. Follow this sequence from left to right. Read each check
completely before performing.

At the end of each check, if no problem is found (OK:), you will be instructed to GO TO NEXT CHECK. If problem is indicated
(NOT OK:), you will be given repair required and Group location or CTM number. If verification is needed, you will be given next
best source of information after GO TO:

Group 10 (System Operational Checks)

Group 15 (System Diagnostic Checks)

Group 20 (Adjustments)

Group 25 (Test)

CTM (Component Technical Manual)

Brake System Checks

1 Pedal Stop Check

Action:

T7394BG-UN: Pedal Stop

Lift the left and right brake pedals.

LOOK: Brake pedals must be against the pedal stop screws.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Adjust brake pedal stops. Go to Group 9020-20

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 2 de 10

NOT OK: Inspect and repair brake valve as necessary. Go to repair manual.

2 Brake System Leakage Check

Action:

T7367AM-UN: Brake Pedals

Depress and hold left brake pedal, then right brake pedal using approximately 267 N (60 lb force).

LOOK: Brake pedal must NOT feel spongy (caused by air in system) or settle more than 25 mm (1.0 in.) per minute.

LOOK: Rear brake light must come on when either pedal is depressed with key switch in ON position.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Adjust brake pedals. Do Brake Valve Adjustment. Go to Group 9020-20.

NOT OK: Bleed brake system. Go to Group 9020-20.

NOT OK: Check light fuse.

OK: Check wiring. Go to Group 9015-15, Lighting Circuit Checks.

NOT OK: Do Brake Valve Leakage Test. Go to Group 9020-25.

3 Park Brake Capacity Check

Action:

T7394BH-UN: Indicator Panel

Engage park brake.

Put stabilizers in transport position.

Put backhoe in transport position.

Use loader functions to pull machine forward or push machine backward.

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 3 de 10

LOOK: Rear wheels should not turn. If loader can pull or push machine, rear tires should drag.

LOOK: Park brake switch light will be ON.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Adjust park brake linkage. Go to Group 9020-20.

4 Brake Drag Check

Action:

T6171AL-UN: Machine On Downhill Grade

Position machine on a gradual grade with front of machine downhill.

Lift bucket so it clears ground.

Shift FNR lever to neutral, differential lock pedal up, disengage park brake and release service brakes.

LOOK: Machine must move or coast.

NOTE:

If machine does not move freely on slope, drive machine for five minutes. Feel axle housing area to
locate which brake is dragging.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Brakes dragging. Go to Group 9020-15, Unit Will Not Move.

Reverser Checks

1 Clutch Disconnect Circuit Check

Action:

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 4 de 10

CAUTION:

Machine should try to move forward as FNR lever is moved.

Park brake OFF.

Service brake applied.

Put transaxle in fourth gear.

Start engine, set idle speed at approximately 1500 rpm.

Move FNR lever to forward (F) position.

Actuate clutch disconnect on FNR lever or loader control lever individually and note sound of engine.

LISTEN: When FNR lever is shifted to forward (F) position, a noticeable drop in engine speed should be heard.

LISTEN: Engine rpm must increase when the reverser clutch disconnect solenoid switch is activated.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Check fuse.

NOT OK: Go to group 9015-15, Park Brake/Clutch Disconnect Circuit Check.

2 FNR Switch Check

Action:

T7367AN-UN: FNR Switch In Forward

T7394BI-19: FNR Switch In Reverse

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 5 de 10

T7394BJ-19: FNR Switch In Neutral

Engine off.

Put FNR lever in neutral.

Turn key switch to ON position.

Move FNR lever to forward (F), reverse (R), then neutral (N) position.

Observe and feel forward, neutral and reverse detents.

LOOK: FNR lever must align with neutral position in quadrant when reverser valve is in neutral detent position.

LISTEN: You must hear neutral start switch "click" as FNR lever is moved EQUAL distance from neutral to forward position
and from neutral to reverse position.

FEEL: You must feel detent engagement in each position of FNR lever.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: If no "click", inspect neutral start fuse.

NOT OK: Go to Group 9015-15 , Neutral Start Switch Check.

3 Reverser Hydraulic System Check

Action:

Run engine at approximately 1500 rpm.

Put transaxle into third gear.

Move FNR lever to forward (F) position.

Make several shifts from third forward to third reverse. Start counting the number of seconds when FNR lever is moved to
opposite direction.

LOOK: A normal shift from forward to reverse or reverse to forward must be completed in three seconds. The machine
must be up to speed in four seconds.

NOTE:

Excessive internal leakage is indicated if reverse warning alarm (if equipped) does not sound at slow
idle, but sounds when rpm is increased.

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 6 de 10

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: If shifts are slow, go to Group 9020-25 , Reverser Element Leakage Using Four-Gauge Method.

4 Engine And Torque Converter Check

Action:

T6171AM-UN: Machine In Test Position

Position machine with loader bucket at ground level against dirt bank or immovable object.

Put transaxle into first gear.

Move FNR lever to forward (F) position.

Engage differential lock.

Increase engine speed to fast idle.

LOOK: Rear wheels must NOT stall.

NOTE:

This test will give a general indication of engine reverser and torque converter performance.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: If the wheels can be easily stalled, go to Group 9020-15 , Machine Lacks Power or Moves Slow.

Transaxle Checks

1 Transaxle Shift Linkage Synchronizer And Noise Check

Action:

Run engine at approximately 1500 rpm with FNR lever in forward (F) position.

Put transaxle in each gear and drive machine for a short distance.

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 7 de 10

LISTEN: 300D-Some gear noise can be expected when shifting into first or second gear. There must NOT be any gear
noise when shifting into third or fourth gear. Third and fourth gears are synchronized.

LISTEN: 310D,315D-Excessive gear or FNR lever noise must NOT be heard in any gear. All gears are synchronized.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Go to Group 9020-15 , Excessive Gear Noise When Shifting Gears.

2 Differential Lock And Linkage Check

Action:

Put transaxle in first gear.

Move FNR lever to forward (F) position and operate engine at approximately 1500 rpm.

Depress differential lock pedal.

Turn steering wheel slightly right or left.

Release differential lock pedal.

LOOK: Machine must try to go straight forward and pedal must return to UP position when traction is equal.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Go to Group 9020-15 , No Differential Lock Operation.

3 Differential Gear And Pinion Check

Action:

NOTE:

Hold the wheel which is being braked stationary during this test or brake chatter could be confused
with differential gear noise.

Put transaxle in first gear and operation engine at approximately 1500 rpm.

Move FNR lever to forward (F) position.

Steer machine in a maximum left turn and depress left brake pedal to stop the left wheel.

Steer machine in a maximum left turn and depress left brake pedal to stop the left wheel.

Steer machine in a maximum right turn and depress right brake pedal to stop right wheel.

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 8 de 10

LISTEN: NO excessive gear noise must be heard in the differential or pinion gear area.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Go to Group 9020-15 , Unit Makes Excessive Noise.

4 Front Wheel Alignment (Toe-In) Check

Action:

T6264AI-UN: Front Wheel Alignment

Drive machine in fourth gear forward on a surface with loose material.

LOOK: Material behind front wheels must not be thrown excessively inward or outward.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: If material is thrown, excessive tire wear will result. Go to Group 9020-20 , Adjust Toe-In.

Mechanical Front Wheel Drive (MFWD) Driving Checks

1 MFWD Limited Slip Differential And Control Linkage Check

Action:

Shift transaxle to first reverse.

Engage MFWD and drive machine.

Run engine at approximately 1200 rpm.

Turn steering wheel for a full left or right turn and observe how the front tires attempt to slide sideways (side load) and the
amount of tire scuffing.

Disengage MFWD.

LOOK: Tire side loading and scuffing must stop when MFWD is disengaged.

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 9 de 10

NOTE:

If tires attempt to slide sideways and tire scuffing is seen with MFWD engaged, limited-slip differential
is working and power is being transmitted to MFWD.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: Move MFWD control linkage to feel engagement detents. No detents, inspect linkage to transfer case.

NOT OK: Go to Group 9020-15 , No Power to MFWD.

2 MFWD Engine And Torque Converter ChecK

Action:

T6171AN-UN: Machine In Test Position

With loader bucket lever and cutting edge at the centerline of front wheels, put machine against a dirt bank or immovable
object.

Engage MFWD and differential lock.

Shaft transaxle to first forward.

Increase engine speed to fast idle.

LOOK: All four wheels must turn.

Result:

OK: Check complete.

NOT OK: If all wheels stop, a torque converter problem is indicated. If the front wheels stop, MFWD problem is indicated. Go to
Group 9020-15 , Machine Lacks Power or Moves Slow.

3 MFWD Gear And Pinion Check

Action:

Drive machine at transport speed with MFWD engaged, then disengaged.

LISTEN: MFWD must NOT whine.

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019

 Página 10 de 10

Result:

OK: System Operational Checkout Completed.

NOT OK: If MFWD whines, check oil levels and fill to correct levels.

NOT OK: Check backlash. Go to repair manual.

TX,300D,1960-19-1993/03/08

file://C:\ProgramData\Service ADVISOR\Temp\tm1496_TXOUO104719980529175.html 22/08/2019