21st Century Lit Q1 Module 1 Lesson 3
21st Century Lit Q1 Module 1 Lesson 3
21st Century Lit Q1 Module 1 Lesson 3
MELC 1: Writing a close analysis and critical interpretation of literary texts and doing
an adaptation of these require from the learner the ability to:
a) identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimension of Philippine literary
history from pre-colonial to the contemporary
b) identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. Engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/town)
Specific Objectives:
1.) Identify literary authors and representative texts from each region.
2.) Read and understand some of their selected literary works/pieces.
3.) Realize the significance of literature in one’s life.
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.
Development Team
Sorsogon City Division
Author: Mia Mae J. Jazmin
Teacher II, Mercedes B. Peralta Senior High School
Editors: Emily D. Dolot and Anne E. Mancia
MT II, SNHS Asst. Principal, SNHS Senior High School
Reviewers: Cleofe D. Ariola and Albay Division (headed by Mai Anne D.
Rondola
EPS English
I. Introduction
Literature in all forms is everywhere in our society and with this idea; it is clear
just how significant it is. Whether it is studied in the classroom, read for pleasure or
purpose, literature is an integral part of many lives. Through literature, one is given
not only an opportunity to be enlightened but also a chance to broaden his/her
horizons, views and perceptions. (Conroy, n.d)
Dear learners, you are about to start another learning journey in this module.
As you go through this module, prepare to explore, discover and learn from well
selected notable literary pieces written by commendable and distinguished writers
from their respective regions and all over the country.
This module is designed to provide you with various activities and discussions
for you to:
II. Pre-Test
You are going to take the pre-assessment test to determine how much
background information and knowledge you have about our new lesson. Make sure
to accomplish this first task. Good luck!
Directions: Write only the letter of your chosen answer. Write letter D if you think the
correct answer is not found in the given choices. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answer.
1. She was a native of Pampanga but settled in Albay. She was known as the
Matriarch of Filipino women poets writing in English, and was the author of the poem
“Revolt from Hymen”.
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2. He was from Baao, Camarines Sur and was one of the first Filipinos to write and
publish works in English.
A. Amado V. Hernandez B. Luis G. Dato C. Nick Joaquin
3. A Filipino poet who was the author of "Mi Ultimo Pensamiento" which was the first
good English translation, in rhymes, of José Rizal's "Mi Ultimo Adios".
4. She was the author of a book of poetry called “Poems” in 1940. In this collection
was also her last poem, “Old Maid walking In the City.”
5. She is a contemporary Bikolano writer who was born from Legaspi City, Province
of Albay and is the author of “Banana Heart Summer”.
6.”The Pretenders” is his most popular novel, which is the story of one man's
alienation from his poor background and the decadence of his wife's wealthy family.
8. A writer deeply concerned with social justice, his novels have been translated into
22 languages, and he is one of the most widely read Filipino authors.
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III. Lesson Proper
Can you still recall how Philippine Literature evolved with the country’s
history? Can you distinguish each dimension’s characteristic? Let’s find out how well
you can identify the diversity and richness of Philippine Literature in the context of
Pre-colonial period down to Contemporary times.
Directions: Match each characteristic of Philippine Literature given in the left box to
the Literary Historical Periods provided in the right box. Write the letter of the correct
answer in a separate sheet of paper.
Were you able to answer and finish the task? Did you answer
correctly? If your answer is yes, you did a good job! It means you are almost ready
to venture into another learning experience! However, if your answer is no, there’s
no need to worry, you just have to revisit your previous lessons and surely, you’ll get
perfect score next time.
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Building Your Vocabulary
Let us test your vocabulary. The italicized words in the left box are those which
you will encounter in a poem originally written in Bicol dialect by Kristian Sendon
Cordero. Read the sentences very well and try to guess the meaning of the italicized
words provided in the right box.
1. I shall never forget the surprise and delight A. to make a rapid series of short
I felt when I uttered my first connected noises.
sentence, "It is warm."
2. He knew he couldn’t straddle the issue B. to make a statement or sound
any longer and that he would have to choose
sides. C. to be in a position of indecision
3. A dining room table with collapsible sides
can be stowed when not in use, freeing up D. to put away for future use
valuable room
4. Windows rattled, and things fell off E. unwanted noise caused by a
shelves in a number of houses when the jet radio or television receiver
flew low overhead.
5. The news on the TV screen had a surge
of static and a loud noise simultaneously
thundered throughout the house.
Score: 3-5- Amazing! You were able to guess the meaning! What helped you find the
correct answer? Were you able to find some context clues? You’re very good.
2-0- It is okay! You still have time to enhance your vocabulary.
Study These
Activity 4. Warm-Up!
What’s your most vivid memory of typhoon devastation in your place? Can you still
recall some of the events that you have witnessed? Write a short personal
experience or narrative about it.
Are you done? Can you now read the poem below?
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The Day a Storm with my Mother’s Name Kan Aldaw na Uminabot an Bagyo na
Came (English) Kapangaran kan Sakuyang Ina (Bikol)
While he looked over and uttered each of the Mantang, pigsasaro-saro an mga letra sa
letters pangaran
in Mother’s name, who was coming as a storm, kan sakuyang ina, na maabot ngonyan na sarong
a name looked at and looked over for all time bagyo,
as he straddled what could be sea or soil on pangaran na minaanan sa gabos na panahon
fire. sa alanganin man na daga o dagat na
nagkakalayo.
Source:https://iwp.uiowa.edu/sites/iwp/files/CORDERO_sample_original_formatted.pdf
Let’s have a short discussion about what you have just read.
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Activity 5. Check Your Understanding
2. How did the writer effectively describe the situation in the poem?
3. What do you think is the meaning of the last stanza of the poem?
4. Does the translation affect your understanding of the poem? How? Explain briefly.
The poem you have read is written by Kristian Sendon Cordero. He is a Bicolano
literary artist, from the City of Iriga. He is a poet, a fictionist, translator and a
filmmaker. He is a recipient of Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Poetry in
Filipino.
Source:https://www.wordswithoutborders.org/contributor/kristian-sendon- cordero
Would you like to know more Bicolano writers like him? Here they are. Let’s get to
know some of them.
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ABDON M. BALDE, JR. (Sept 12, 1946)
He was born in Busac, Oas, Albay
A contemporary Bicolano writer in Bikol, Filipino and
English
He was awarded as one of the Outstanding Bikolano
Artists for 2009 in Literary Arts category in Naga City,
In 2012, he was named Poet laureate of Albay.
Today, he is a councillor of the organization Lupon Sa
Wika, a member of the National Commission for Culture
and the Arts (NCCA) and director of the Unyon ng mga
Manunulat sa Pilipinas (UMPIL; English: Writers’ Union of
the Philippines)
Source:https://kvillaromanblog.wordpress.com/2017/08/20/first-blog-post/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdon_Balde,_Jr.#:~:text=Template%3AUse%20mdy%20ds%20Abdon,P
hilippines%20in%20Thailand%20last%202009.
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Source:https://www.poemhunter.com/gil-gregorio/biography/
Meanwhile, let’s get to know as well some of the finest writers from other regions
who have also contributed a lot in the development of Philippine Literature.
Source:http://gwhs-stg02.i.gov.ph/~s2govnccaph/about-culture-and- arts/culture-
profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/cirilo-f-bautista/
Are you excited to read sample works of these literary artists? Don’t’ worry, in just a
little while you will be reading some of their famous literary pieces. Meanwhile,
having known those abovementioned authors, have you ever asked yourself the
question below? Let us further be enlightened.
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What is the writer’s role in society?
What does the writer bring to the world that no one else can?
Writers and storytellers are the individuals who have designated themselves with the
daunting task of recreating the time, place, and characters of whatever era they live
in. A novel written during the 1990s, on the other hand, can definitively show the
flavor of the time, the voices that were most important, and the subconscious fears
that drove that generation’s actions.
The different fiction genres each demonstrate a unique facet of the writer’s
society. A horror writer will memorialize the discomforts of his era. A science fiction
writer will demonstrate that era’s views on technology, change, and widespread
social issues. A literary writer will display what mundane everyday life was really like.
By writing a novel, the writer acts to keep their era alive for future generations,
so that our children and grandchildren can understand who we really were, and what
we stood for.
However, there’s more to it than that. By nature, writers are teachers. Again, writers
write because they have something to say to the world. They have a lesson to teach,
a lesson so important to them—whether it be moral, intellectual, idealistic, or
cynical—that they’ve sculpted an entire story for the sheer purpose of teaching that
lesson. - Nicolas Conley
Source:https://nicholasconley.wordpress.com/2013/05/09/the-writers-role-in- society/
Knowing the vital role of authors or writers in our society is as significant as
understanding the essence of their literary pieces. Do we benefit from it? How?
➢ "Literature provides insight into the minds of other human beings, into the
mind of the author and the minds of the character he or she brings to life,"-
Sophie Chamas, international studies student at AUS.
➢ Literature also allows us to question some of our most prominent beliefs and
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Now that you have a better understanding as to why our authors and their literary
texts play a very significant role in our lives, let’s have a sample of a thought
provoking fiction, an excerpt from a selected novel piece written by Merlinda Bobis
from the Bicol Region and find out the author’s way to teach us a lesson about life
through reading intensively and critically. Then, answer the questions afterwards.
Lengua Para Diablo means “The Devil Ate My Words.” “Lengua is a Spanish word
meaning “tongue,” which in the story, symbolizes the words eaten by the devil.
Lengua (Beef tongue) is also a dish made of cow’s tongue. Lengua is often
seasoned with onion and other spices, and then placed in a pot to boil.
Have you eaten Lengua? Would you like to try it or eat it again? Why or why not?
I suspected that my father sold his tongue to the devil. He had little say in our
house. Whenever he felt like disagreeing with my mother, he murmured, ‘The devil
ate my words.’ This meant he forgot what he was about to say and other was often
appeased. There was more need for appeasement after he lost his job.
The devil ate his words, the devil ate his capacity for words, the devil ate his tongue.
"but perhaps only after prior negotiation with its owner, what with other always
complaining, ‘I’m already taking a peek at hell’ when it got too hot and stuffy in our
tiny house. She seemed to sweat more that summer, and miserably.
She made it sound like Father’s fault, so he cajoled her with kisses and promises of
an electric fan, bigger windows, a bigger house, but she pushed him away, saying,
‘Get off me, I’m hot, ay, this hellish life’ 'gain he was ready to pledge relief, but
something in my mother’s eyes made him mutter only the usual ‘The devil ate my
words,’ before he shut his mouth. Then he ran to the tap to get her more water.
Lengua para Diablo, tongue for the devil. Surely he sold his tongue in the devil
(change for those promises to my mother) comfort, a full stomach, life without our
wretched want . . . But the devil never delivered his side of the bargain. The devil
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was alien to want. He lived in a Spanish house and owned several stores in the city.
This Spanish mestizo was my father’s employer, but only for a very short while. He
sacked him and our neighbour Tiyo Anding, also a mason, after he found a cheaper
hand for the extension of his house.
We never knew the devil’s name. Father was incapable of speaking it, more so after
he came home and sat in the darkest corner of the house, and stared at his hands. It
took him two days of silent staring before he told my mother about his fate.
I wondered how the devil ate my father’s tongue. Perhaps he cooked it in mushroom
sauce, in that special Spanish way that they do ox tongue. First, it was scrupulously
cleaned, rubbed with salt and vinegar, blanched in boiling water, then scraped of its
white coating ---- now, imagine words scraped off the tongue, and even taste, our
capacity for pleasure. In all those two days of silent staring, father hardly ate. He
said he had lost his taste for food, he was not hungry. Junior and Nilo were more
than happy to demolish his share of gruel with fish sauce.
Now after the thorough clean, the tongue was pricked with a fork to allow the
flavours of all the spices and condiments to penetrate the flesh. Then it was browned
in olive oil. How I wished we could prick my father’s tongue back to speech and even
hunger, but of course we couldn’t, because it had disappeared. It had been served
on the devil’s platter with garlic, onion, tomatoes, bay leaf, clove, peppercorns, soy
sauce, even sherry, butter, and grated edam cheese, with that aroma of something
rich and foreign. His silent tongue was already luxuriating in a multitude of essences,
pampered into a piquant delight.
Perhaps, next he should sell his esophagus, then his stomach. I would if I had the
chance to be that pampered. To know for once what I would never taste. I would be
soaked, steamed, sautéed, basted, baked, boiled, fried and feted with only the
perfect seasonings. I would become an epicure. On a rich man’s plate, I would be
initiated to flavours of only the finest quality. In his stomach, I would be inducted to
secrets. I would be ‘the inside girl’, and I could tell you the true nature of sated
affluence.
Source:https://www.slideshare.net/NicoleAngeliquePangilinan/lengua-para-diablo- 21st-
century-literature-grade-11
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Merlinda Bobis is a Filipino-Australian writer, most of her exceptional writings are the
reflection of realities but in different genre. Her technique in writing is using figurative
language and it is generally metaphorical that is both thought provoking and
interesting. Some of her works comprises Philippine culture.
4. In her excerpt, what reality does the author want to tell us about Philippine
society? Do you think this is still true? Explain.
5. What common social issues are being tackled by the author in this excerpt?
Good job! You can now proceed to the next part of this module. Are you ready?
Enrichment Activities
Activity 6. Draw me!
This time, you can have a short break from the usual writing activity. What you need
is a pencil and a clean bond paper. You may also use coloring materials to make
your output more creative. You have to read and understand the Filipino poem
written by Merlinda Bobis. Then, draw something that best represents the meaning
of the poem. Briefly explain the object that you have drawn. Do this in a separate
sheet of paper.
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ang hinugot kay adan-
puso.”
Source:
The Panitikan Website
www.panitikan.com.ph/poetry/usapanginaatanak.htm
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Pag nakakita ng bulaklak
ay ataol ang hinahanap.
Sa kaarawan, pag may handa
wala nang panauhing kababata;
kaya lahat nang dumadalo
ay isa-isang nagmamano.
Pagdating ng takipsilim
ang pag-asa’y dumidilim
na makasungkit pa rin
ng kahit na isang bituin.
Kung kalamigan ang gabi,
ay nangangarap pa rin ng katabi
habang yakap-yakap ang sarili.
Source:https://poemsbyfilipinos.wordpress.com/category/abdon-m-balde-jr/
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Generalization
1. Why do you think it is important to know and be familiar with the authors and their
literary works?
Wow! You’re doing great!! You have come this far! Congratulations! Surely, this next
task will be very easy for you.
Application
Source:https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/a-journey-of-everything-new/
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Congratulations! You have successfully completed all the previous tasks. What a
great achievement!
Now, you’re going to have the post-assessment test! Good luck!
IV. Assessment
I was sure that they were learning- (from Pedagogic by Cirilo F. Bautista
The word /title “Pedagogic” means .
a. the speaker is trying to teach something
b. the speaker is trying to learn something
c. the trees are learning
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B. Find My Match
Match the following authors to their famous literary works.
Excellent job! You are almost done! Now, you will have the very last part of your
learning module.
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Activity 12 sample rubric( the teacher may improve or modify)
Criteria Excellent(5) Very Good(4) Good(3) Fair(2) Poor(1)
1.Degree to which the
output reflects the
objective of the task
2. Level of Creativity
3.Clarity
4.Visual Appeal
5.Level of Effort
Sub-totals
REFERENCES
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https://www.poemhunter.com/gil-gregorio/biography/.
The University of Iowa,International Writing Program, Kristian Sendon
Cordero,ACCESSED1 July
2020,https://iwp.uiowa.edu/sites/iwp/files/CORDERO_sample_original_forma
tted.pdf.
Wikipedia 2020,Angela Manalang-Gloria,ACESSED 1 July 1, 2020,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Manalang-Gloria.
Wikipedia,2012,”The Windowless Shop” by Gil L. Gregorio,ACCESSED 2,July 2,
2020,
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