M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

Do the questions as a test – circle questions you cannot answer

Red

1) Frederica drops a stone down a well. She measures the time it takes to hit the water
at the bottom as 4 seconds. Estimate the depth of the well and state two
assumptions you have made in modelling your solution
s=¿ s
u=0
v=¿
a=+9.8
t=4
1 1
s=ut+ a t 2 ¿ 0+ ( 9.8 )( 16 ) =¿
2 2

2) A Ferrari accelerates constantly for 3 seconds to reach the speed limit of 30 mph
If the distance covered in the 3 seconds is 20 m, calculate the initial speed of the
car. Use 1 mile = 1.6 km
s=20
u=u
30× 1000 40
v= = m/s
1.6 × 3600 3
a=¿
t =3
s= ( ) (
u+ v
2
t=
u+ 40 /3
2 )3=20 gives u=0m/s

3)

A car moves along a straight horizontal road. At time t=0 , the velocity of the car
is U ms-1. The car then accelerates with constant acceleration a ms-2 for T seconds.
The car travels a distance D metres during these T seconds.

The diagram shows the velocity-time graph for the motion of the car for 0 ≤ t ≤ T .
Using the graph, show that D=U T +½ a T 2 .
(No credit will be given for answers which use any of the kinematics (suvat)
formulae listed under Mechanics in the AS Mathematics section of the formulae
[4]
booklet.)
e.g. dissection to triangle + rectangle M1
h
using gradient of graph is (acceleration) a= gives h=aT M1A1
T

1
M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

1
Area under graph (distance travelled ) D=UT + (h)× T
2
1 2
Combine equations SO D=UT + hT A1
2
Question from 2017 assessment materials for AS

4) A man throws a stone on a level playing field. Assuming the stone is thrown at
initial speed 18 m/s, from a height of 2 m and at an angle of 40, how far will it
have travelled horizontally from the man by the time it hits the ground? [6]
Vertically u=18 sin 40
1 2 1 2
s=ut+ a t gives −2=18 sin 40 t+ (−9.8)t solving using quadratic formulas
2 2 B1
18 sin 40 ± √ 18 sin 40 −4 (4.9)(−2)
2
gives t= =2.52 secs M1A1
2(4.9)
Horizontal velocity u=18 cos 40 B1
s=ut gives s=¿
M1A1

5) A girl throws a stone which breaks a window 2 seconds later. The speed of
projection is 20 ms-1 and the angle of projection is 60. Assuming that the stone
can be modelled as a particle moving with constant acceleration, find the
horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of the stone just before impact [4]
Horizontally u=v=20cos 60=10
B1
Vertically u=20 sin 60 ,a=−9.8 , t=2 B1
Using v=u+at gives v=20 sin 60+ (−9.8 )( 2 )=−2.28
M1A1

Amber

6) Figure 1
v (m s–1)
5

O 3 7 t (s)
Figure 1 shows the speed-time graph of a cyclist moving on a straight road over a
7 s period.
The sections of the graph from t = 0 to t = 3, and from t = 3 to t = 7, are straight lines.
The section from t = 3 to t = 7 is parallel to the t-axis.
State what can be deduced about the motion of the cyclist from the fact that:

a) the graph from t = 0 to t = 3 is a straight line, [1]

b) the graph from t = 3 to t = 7 is parallel to the t-axis. [1]
c) Find the distance travelled by the cyclist during this 7 s period. [4]

2
M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

a) Constant acceleration B1
b) Constant speed/velocity B1
c) Distance = ½ (2 + 5) x 3, + (4 x 5) M1 A1 B1
= 30.5 m
A1

7) A car is moving along a straight horizontal road. At time t = 0, the car passes a
point A with speed 25 m s–1. The car moves with constant speed 25 m s–1 until t =
10 s. The car then decelerates uniformly for 8 s. At time t = 18 s, the speed of the
car is V  m s–1 and this speed is maintained until the car reaches the point B at time
t = 30 s.
a) Sketch a speed–time graph to show the motion of the car from A to B [3]
Given that AB = 526 m, find
b) the value of V, [5]
c) the deceleration of the car between t = 10 s and t = 18 s. [3]

a) v

25

0 t
10 18 30

2 horizontal lines B1
Joined by straight line sloping down B1
25, 10, 18, 30 oe B1
1
b) 25×10+ 2 ( 25+V )×8+12×V =526 M1A1A1
Solving to: V = 11 DM1 A1
c) “v = u + at” so 11 = 25 – 8a ft their V M1 A1ft
a = 1.75 (ms-2) A1

8) A firework rocket starts from rest at ground level and moves vertically. In the
first 6s of its motion, the rocket rises 29m. The rocket is modelled as a particle
moving with constant acceleration ams–2. Find
a) the value of a, [2]

3
M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

b) the speed of the rocket 6s after it has left the ground [2]

After 6s, the rocket burns out. The motion of the rocket is now modelled as that of
a particlemoving freely under gravity
c) Find the height of the rocket above the ground 9s after it has left the ground [4]

9) A racing car moves along a straight horizontal road with constant acceleration. It

passes the point O with speed 12 m/s. It passes the point A 5s later with speed 58 m/s
a) Find the acceleration of thecar [2]
b) Find the distance OA [3]
The point B is the midpoint of AO
c) Find the speed of the car when it passes point B [3]

10 A firework rocket starts from rest at ground level and moves vertically. In the first
) 3 s of its motion, the rocket rises 27 m. The rocket is modelled as a particle
moving with constant acceleration a m s–2. Find
a) the value of a, [2]
b) the speed of the rocket 3 s after it has left the ground. [2]

4
M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

After 3 s, the rocket burns out. The motion of the rocket is now modelled as that of
a particle moving freely under gravity.
c) Find the height of the rocket above the ground 5 s after it has left the ground. [4]

a) 27 = 0 + ½ × a × 32, so a = 6 M1A1
b) v = 6 × 3 = 18 ms-1 M1
A1ft
c) From t = 3 to t = 5, s = 18 × 2 - ½ × 9.8 × 22 M1
Total height = s + 27 = 43.4 m
A1ft
M1 A1

Green
11
)

A car moves along a straight horizontal road. At time t=0 , the velocity of the car
is U ms-1. The car then accelerates with constant acceleration a ms-2 for T seconds.
The car travels a distance D metres during these T seconds.

The diagram shows the velocity-time graph for the motion of the car for 0 ≤ t ≤ T .
Using the graph, show that D=U T +½ a T 2 .
(No credit will be given for answers which use any of the kinematics (suvat)
formulae listed under Mechanics in the AS Mathematics section of the formulae
[4]
booklet.)
e.g. dissection to triangle + rectangle
h
using gradient of graph is (acceleration) a= gives h=aT
T
1 M1
Area under graph (distance travelled ) D=UT + (h)× T
2 M1A1
1 2
Combine equations SO D=UT + hT A1
2
Question from 2017 assessment materials for AS

12 A car moves along a horizontal straight road, passing two points A and B. At A the
) speed of the car is 15 m s–1. When the driver passes A, he sees a warning sign W
ahead of him, 120 m away. He immediately applies the brakes and the car decelerates
with uniform deceleration, reaching W with speed 5 m s–1. At W, the driver sees that
the road is clear. He then immediately accelerates the car with uniform acceleration
for 16 s to reach a speed of V m s–1 (V > 15). He then maintains the car at a constant
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M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

speed of V m s–1. Moving at this constant speed, the car passes B after a further 22 s.
a) Sketch a speed-time graph to illustrate the motion of the car as it moves from A to B. [3]
b) Find the time taken for the car to move from A to B. [3]
The distance from A to B is 1 km.

c) Find the value of V. [5]

a)

15

16 22 t

Shape B1,
Shape for last 22 secs (with V > 15) B1
Figures B1
1
b) ( 15+5 )×t=120 M1
2 So: t = 12,
so: T = 12 + 16 + 22 = 50 secs M1 A1
1
c) 120+ 2 ( V +5 )×16 +22V =1000 M1 B1 A1
Solve: 30V = 840, so: V = 28 DM1 A1

13 A ball is projected vertically upwards with speed 21 m s–1 from a point A, which is
) 1.5 m above the ground. After projection, the ball moves freely under gravity until
it reaches the ground. Modelling the ball as a particle, find
a) the greatest height above A reached by the ball, [3]
b) the speed of the ball as it reaches the ground, [3]
c) the time between the instant when the ball is projected from A and the instant when [4]
the ball reaches the ground

a) v2 = u2 + 2as so 02 = 212 − 2×9.8× h M1 A1

h = 22.5+1.5 = 24 m
A1
b) v2 = u2 + 2as so v2 = 02 + 2×9.8× (22.5+1.5) (= 470.4) or equivalent M1 A1
v ≈ 22 (ms−1 ) accept 21.7
A1
c) v = u + at so −( √ 470.4) = 21− 9.8t or equivalent − 1 each error M1 A2
t ≈ 4.4 (s) accept 4.36

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M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

A1

14 A and B are two bus stops on a straight horizontal road. A bus passes A travelling
) towards B at a constant velocity of 16ms−1. The bus continues at this velocity
for T seconds. It then decelerates at a constant rate for the next 7s until it comes to
rest at B
a) Sketch a velocity–time graph for the motion of the bus [2]
b) Find the deceleration of the bus [2]
c) Find, in terms of T, the distance travelled by the bus [3]
6s after the bus passes A, a car leaves A and travels towards B. The car  moves
from rest with a constant acceleration of 36ms−2 The car and bus reach B at the
same time
d) Find the distance between A and B [7]

15
)

A boy throws a stone with speed U m s−1 from a point O at the top of a vertical
cliff. The point O is 18 m above sea level. The stone is thrown at an angle α
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M107 assessment Kinematics 1 SOLUTIONS

3
above the horizontal, where tan∝= .
4
The stone hits the sea at the point S which is at a horizontal distance of 36 m from
the foot of the cliff, as shown
The stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity with g = 10 m s−2
a) Find the value of U, [6]
b) Find the speed of the stone when it is 10.8 m above sea level, giving your answer
[5]
to 2 significant figures
c) Suggest two improvements that could be made to the model. [2]
a) Horizontally s=ut gives 36=Ut cos ∝ M1A1
1 2 1 2
Vertically s=ut + a t gives −18=Ut sin ∝− (−10)t M1A1
2 2
Solving simultaneously gives U = 15 M1A1
b) Horizontally U cos ∝=12 B1
Vertically v 2=u2 +2 as
gives v 2=( U sin∝ )2 +2(−10)(10.8−18) M1
Gives v = 15 A1
Combine horizontal and vertical components √ 122+15 2=√ 369= 19 (2sf)
M1A1
c) Two of
 Include air resistance in model
 Include wind effects in model
 Include dimensions of the stone in the model
B1B1
 Use a more accurate value of g
Question comes from 2017 specimen assessment materials