Neurotic Needs

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Karen Horney’s Neurotic Needs

Horney tentatively identified 10 categories of neurotic needs that characterize neurotics in their attempts
to combat basic anxiety. They describe the basic defensive strategies. The 10 categories of neurotic needs
overlapped one another, and a single person might employ more than one. Each of the following neurotic
needs relates in some way or another to other people.

1. The neurotic need for affection and approval. In their quest for affection and approval, neurotics
attempt indiscriminately to please others. They try to live up to the expectations of others, tend to dread
self-assertion, and are quite uncomfortable with the hostility of others as well as the hostile feelings
within themselves.

2. The neurotic need for a powerful partner. Lacking self-confidence, neurotics try to attach themselves
to a powerful partner. This need includes an overvaluation of love and a dread of being alone or deserted.
Horney’s own life story reveals a strong need to relate to a great man, and she had a series of such
relationships during her adult life.

3. The neurotic need to restrict one’s life within narrow borders. Neurotics frequently strive to remain
inconspicuous, to take second place, and to be content with very little. They downgrade their own abilities
and dread making demands on others.

4. The neurotic need for power. Power and affection are perhaps the two greatest neurotic needs. The
need for power is usually combined with the needs for prestige and possession and manifests itself as the
need to control others and to avoid feelings of weakness or stupidity.

5. The neurotic need to exploit others. Neurotics frequently evaluate others on the basis of how they can
be used or exploited, but at the same time, they fear being exploited by others.

6. The neurotic need for social recognition or prestige. Some people combat basic anxiety by trying to be
first, to be important, or to attract attention to themselves.

7. The neurotic need for personal admiration. Neurotics have a need to be admired for what they are
rather than for what they possess. Their inflated self-esteem must be continually fed by the admiration
and approval of others.

8. The neurotic need for ambition and personal achievement. Neurotics often have a strong drive to be the
best—the best salesperson, the best bowler, the best lover. They must defeat other people in order to
confirm their superiority.

9. The neurotic need for self-sufficiency and independence. Many neurotics have a strong need to move
away from people, thereby proving that they can get along without others. The playboy who cannot be
tied down by any woman exemplifies this neurotic need.

10. The neurotic need for perfection and unassailability. By striving relentlessly for perfection, neurotics
receive “proof” of their self-esteem and personal superiority. They dread making mistakes and having
personal.

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