Philosophy Module-4

Lesson 4.1.
1: Notice things that are not in their proper place and organize them in an aesthetic way
*Activity : Listen to a song entitled “ Masdan mo ang Kapaligiran” by Asin

 Prepare for a follow up questions
Environmental philosophy is the discipline that studies the moral relationships of human beings with
the environment and its non-human contents. Philosophers believe that the human person has the ability
to change the environment to suit his purposes. It will enable them to become aware of their relationship
and its relatedissues in our society and their impact on the lives of human persons. “What is the world
made of?” “How did the world come into being?” and “How can we explain the process of change?”
were philosophical questions already brought up approximately 600 B.C.E. (before the common era) in
the Western lonian seaport town of Miletus across the Aegean Sea from Athens, Greece. The
speculation of the pre-Socratic philosophers represents a paradigm shift- a change from mythical
explanation of the origins of the cosmos to a more rational explanation.
Eastern sages probed nature’s depths intuitively through the eyes of spiritual sages which Greek thinkers
viewed nature through cognitive and scientific eyes (Price 2000). These thinkers were looking for the
underlying laws of nature. They wanted to understand the processes of nature by studying nature itself,
not by listening to the stories about the gods. According to Payne (2010) there are two frameworks
where humans can be related.
1. Anthropocentric Model. Based on the anthropocentric model, humans are superior and central to the
universe, thus, it is human centered.
2. Ecocentric Model. It is the ecological or relational integrity of the

humans that provides meaning of our morals and values and it is nature
centered. Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s biodiversity and
thefunctioning of its life –supporting system.
Lesson 4.2. Notice things that are not in their proper place and organize them in an aesthetic way
A. Ancient Thinkers
Anaximander a pre-Socratic philosopher and scientist said about the creation-Destruction. According to him,
the sketch
of the genesis of the world (cosmology), the evolution of the world begins with the generation of opposites in
certain
region Nature. Nature is indeterminate-boundless in the sense that no boundaries between the warm and or the
moist and dry regions are originally present within.
B. Modern Thinker
Herbert Marcuse said about the power of humans

over nature, while George Herbert Mead tackled
about our duties and responsibilities.
Lesson 4.3. Show that care for the environment contributes to health, well being and sustainable
development
There are numerous theories to show care for the environment aside from the ecocentric model such as deep
ecology, social ecology and ecofeminism to name some.
Lesson 4.4. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence and frugality towards environment
A self-supporting college student works part-time as a service crew to be able to fund his education. He earns
PhP2,000.00 more than what he needs to pay for monthly expenses. With this extra money, he could have
bought the expensive watch he always wanted. Thinking practically, he decided to save his money in the bank
instead.
1. How will you describe this college student?
2. What qualities does he possess regarding handling his money?
3. How can you relate his behavior to current environment trends?
Find out the answer in this lesson!
Prudence is defined as the ability to have good judgment that allows avoidance of dangers and risks.
Meanwhile, frugality is the act of using money or other resources wisely and practically.
Arising from the discussions, Fromm (2013) suggested a new society that should inspire the development of a
new human being that will nurture prudence and fairness or frugality towards environment.
The ideals of this humanity cross all party lines, for protecting nature needs focused conservation, action,
politically aware and support from business. If all these segments agree on the same goals, the chance of
transformation would seem to be significantly greater, especially since most citizens have become less and less
interested in part allegiance and slogans.

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Lesson 4.1.

*Activity : Listen to a song entitled “ Masdan mo ang Kapaligiran” by Asin

2. Ecocentric Model. It is the ecological or relational integrity of the

Herbert Marcuse said about the power of humans

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