The Evolution of Traditional To New Media

The Evolution of Traditional
to New Media
Media and Information Literacy

Nichelle Shane Alim
Sinking of the
RMS (Royal Mail Ship) Titanic
(April 14, 1912)
Evolution of Media
• 4 different ages of media
1. Pre-Industrial Age
2. Industrial Age
3. Electronic Age
4. Information Age
Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s)
• People discovered fire, developed paper from plant, and forged
weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron.
Examples:
• Cave paintings (35,000 BC) • Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC)
Examples
• Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC)
Examples:
• Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)
Acta Diurna were daily Roman official notices, a sort of daily gazette. They were carved on
stone or metal and presented in message boards in public places like the Forum of Rome. They were
also called simply Acta. The first form of Acta appeared around 131 BC during the Roman Republic.
Examples
• Dibao in China (2nd Century)
Examples
• Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD)
Examples
• Codex in the Mayan region (5th century)
Industrial Age (1700s-1930s)
• People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron
production, and the manufacturing of various products (including books through
the printing press)
Examples
• Printing press for mass production (19th century)
Examples:
• Newspaper- The London Gazette (1640)
Examples
• Typewriter (1800)
A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical machine for writing characters similar to those
produced by printer's movable type. A typewriter operates by means of keys that strike a ribbon to
transmit ink or carbon impressions onto paper. Typically, a single character is printed on each key
press
Examples
• Telephone (1876)
On March 7, 1876, Alexander Graham Bell successfully received a patent for the telephone and
secured the rights to the discovery. Days later, he made the first ever telephone call to his partner,
Thomas Watson. The telephone revolutionized communication by allowing conversations to take
place between individuals at different locations.
Examples
• Motion picture photography/projection (1890)
Motion picture theory is simple and clear-cut. Motion film is composed of a
series of still pictures. When the still pictures are projected progressively and
rapidly onto a screen, the eye perceives motion, hence they become a motion
picture.
Examples
• Commercial motion pictures (1913)
called film or movie; Emerged at the end of the 19th century, it became the
most popular and influential media. It is a series of still photographs on film
projected at rapid succession. The earliest films were in black and white, under a
minute long and without recorded sound.
Examples
• Motion picture with sound (1926)
A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to
image, as opposed to a silent film. The first known public exhibition of projected sound films took
place in Paris in 1900, but decades passed before sound motion pictures were made commercially
practical. Reliable synchronization was difficult to achieve with the early sound-on-disc systems, and
amplification and recording quality were also inadequate. Innovations in sound-on-film led to the
first commercial screening of short motion pictures using the technology, which took place in 1923.
Examples
• Telegraph
Telegraphy (from Greek: τῆλε têle, “at a distance” and γράφειν gráphein, “to write”) is the
long-distance transmission of textual or symbolic (as opposed to verbal or audio) messages
without the physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus semaphore is a
method of telegraphy, whereas pigeon post is not.
Examples
• Punch cards
A punched card or punch card is a piece of stiff paper that can be used
to contain digital information represented by the presence or absence
of holes in predefined positions. The information might be data for
data processing applications or, in earlier examples, used to directly
control automated machinery.
Electronic Age (1930s-1980s)
• The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age. People harnessed the power of
transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early computers. In this age,
long distance communication became more efficient.
Examples
• Transistor Radio
Building on war-time research, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain, working
with group leader William Shockley, developed a device they called a transistor. The
first laboratory demonstration took place on 23 December 1947. Bell publicly
announced the new invention on 30 June 1948.
Examples
• Television (1941)
Examples
• Large electronic computers- i.e. EDSAC (1949) and UNIVAC 1 (1951)
Examples
• Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704 (1960)

Examples
• Personal computers - i.e. Hewlett- Packard 9100A (1968), Apple 1
(1976)
Examples
• OHP, LCD projectors
Information Age (1900s-2000s)
• The Internet paved the way for faster
communication and the creation of the social
network. People advanced the use of
microelectronics with the invention of
personal computers, mobile devices, and
wearable technology. Moreover, voice,
image, sound and data are digitalized. We are
now living in the information age.
Examples
• Web browsers: Mosaic (1993), Internet Explorer (1995)
Examples
• Blogs: Blogspot (1999), LiveJournal (1999), Wordpress (2003)
Examples
• Social networks: Friendster (2002), Multiply (2003), Facebook (2004)
Examples
• Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007)

Examples
• Video: YouTube (2005)
Examples
• Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality
Examples
• Video chat: Skype (2003), Google Hangouts (2013)
Examples
• Search Engines: Google (1996), Yahoo (1995)
Examples
• Portable computers- laptops (1980), netbooks (2008), tablets (1993)
Examples
• Smart phones
Examples
• Wearable technology
Examples
• Cloud and Big Data
Assignment: (1/2 sheet of paper)
1. Given the available media that we now have in the world, what
are its roles and functions in a democratic society?
2. In what way does media affect your life (personal, professional,

academic, social, others)?

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The Evolution of Traditional

Media and Information Literacy

• Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704 (1960)

• Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007)

2. In what way does media affect your life (personal, professional,

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