Información de servicio

Título de documento: Grupo funcional: Tipo de información: Fecha:

Main valve block, 91252 Información de servicio 2022-05-31
description
Perfil:

Main valve block, description

The main valve block contains directional and interconnection valves. Further, there are pressure limiting valves and circuit
relief and refilling valves. The hydraulic oil flow from the pumps P1, P2 and P3 is distributed via the main valve block.

Figure 1
Location of main valve block
Figure 2
Main valve block, viewed from in front

Figure 3
Main valve block, viewed from behind
The valve block contains valves 3:b for refilling of oil for the piston and piston rod sides of the hydraulic cylinder. When the
pressure in the digging circuit is too high, the circuit relief valves 3:b(38 MPa) open and dump the oil to the tank.
The machine's function for different digging speeds (Standard/HLD) is controlled via the solenoid valveY12and the
interconnection valve 7:uwhich interconnect the oil flow from P2and P3. The directional valve 5:n (in the P1 block)
interconnects the oil flow from P1 to the bucket's directional valve 5:f. In this way the bucket function can also obtain oil
flow from P1.

Figure 4
Main valve block, part of hydraulic diagram

1. 2:b pressure limiting valve P2

2. 2:c pressure limiting valve P3
3. 3:b circuit relief and refilling valve
4. 5:b direction valve, dipper arm
5. 5:d directional valve, boom
6. 5:f directional valve, bucket
 7. 5:h directional valve, travel
8. 5:k direction valve, optional equipment
9. 7:t shunt valve, hydraulic oil cooler
10. 7:u interconnection valve, digging function
11. 7:v interconnection valve, course holding function
12. 8:c check valve, load holding function

A course holding valve 7:vinterconnects the oil flow from P2 and P3if a movement with the digging equipment is activated
during travel.
The load holding valves 8:care located in the main valve block. Their function is to prevent the pressure (e.g. while raising a
suspended load in the digging equipment) in the line between a hydraulic cylinder and its direction valve from leaking out
the back way before the recirculation channel has closed.

Figure 5
Main valve block, part of hydraulic diagram

1. 2:b pressure limiting valve P2

2. 2:c pressure limiting valve P3
3. 3:b circuit relief and refilling valve
4. 5:b direction valve, dipper arm
5. 5:d directional valve, boom
6. 5:f directional valve, bucket
7. 5:h directional valve, travel
8. 5:k direction valve, optional equipment
9. 7:t shunt valve, hydraulic oil cooler
10. 7:u interconnection valve, digging function
11. 7:u interconnection valve, course holding function
12. 8:c check valve, load holding function

Each control section in the main valve block contains a variable directional valve. This valve is connected to Tank,Pump, +,
and -for cylinder or hydraulic motor and recirculation channel Cin and out.
Figure 6
Directional valve for boom

1. Main valve block

2. Spool
3. Spring disc
4. Compression spring
5. Valve cap

1. 8:c, load holding valve

2. 3:b, circuit relief and refilling valve
3. +, connection to piston side in hydraulic cylinder
4. -, connection to piston rod side in hydraulic cylinder
5. C, recirculation channel
6. P3, connection to pump
7. PC, control pressure

When the spool is in the neutral position, the oil is pumped through the recirculation channel directly to the tank via cooler
and filter. The receiver channels +and- are closed channels, as for P3and T. The cylinder 6:ais thereby locked in both
directions via the oil trapped in the spool.
Figure 7
Directional valve for boom (5:d) with spool in neutral position

1. 6:a, boom cylinder

Due to the fact that a maximum control pressure (6.5 MPa) acts in the lower control connection, the spring is compressed
(not shown). Then the spool is in the upper position (boom up). In this position, the recirculation channel is completely
closed by the spool. At the same time, there is a connection between the pump port P3and the cylinder port +, and between
the cylinder port - and the tank T.
Figure 8
Directional valve for boom (5:d) with the slide in the upper position
Due to the fact that a maximum control pressure (6.5 MPa) acts in the upper control port, the spring is compressed (not
shown). Then the slide is in the lower position (boom down). The pump flow is now reversed and directed from the pump
port P3to the cylinder port -. The control pressure also actuates the hose rupture valve so that the spool opens the cylinder
port +to the tank T. The boom lowering movement is controlled by the hose rupture valve. The piston rod in the hydraulic
cylinder 6:a moves inward.
Figure 9
Directional valve for boom 5:d with spool in lower position
The pressure Pin the pressure line Aacts on the cross-sectional area on the spool 2with diameter d and exerts a force P x d
upward on the spool. The pressure Pin the pressure line Apasses through the hole in the plunger 1and also acts on the
cross-sectional area on the spool with diameter Dand exerts a force P x D downward on the spool. The force from the
spring6also acts downward on the spool 2. Due to the area ratios and the spring 6the downward forces are greater than the
upward forces, and the spool 2thereby keeps closed between the pressure side and the tank side.
Figure 10
Circuit relief and refilling valve 3:b, circuit relief function

1. Plunger
2. Spool
3. Valve body
4. Spring
5. Pilot
6. Spring

The pilot 5opens when the force from the pressure Pis greater than the spring force from the spring 4. When the pilot
5opens (38 MPa), the pressure Pon the top side of the spool 2is drained to the tank. Drainage takes place via the clearance
between the spool 2and the valve body 3and the force P x D, which acts downward on the spool 2disappears.
The force from the spring 6is now the only force acting downward on the spool 2and is less than the upward force, causing
the spool 2to lift upward and open between the pressure side and the tank side.
Drainage to the tank, which takes place via the pilot5, is a greater volume of oil than can be added through the hole in the
plunger 1to the upper side of the spool 2 so that the force P x D arises. As a result, the spool 2cannot be pressed downward
and close between the pressure side and the tank side.
Figure 11
Circuit relief and refilling valve 3:b, circuit relief function

1. Plunger
2. Spool
3. Valve body
4. Spring
5. Pilot
6. Spring

The surge pressure is reduced by the action of the pilot5which opens when the pressure Povercomes the set spring force
from the spring 4.
Figure 12
Circuit relief and refilling valve 3:b, circuit relief function

1. Plunger
2. Spool
3. Valve body
4. Spring
5. Pilot
6. Spring

Refilling takes place when the pressure Pin the pressure line Afalls below the pressure Ton the tank side.
The pressure Pin the pressure line Aacts on the cross-sectional area of the spool 1with diameter d, exerting a force P x d
upward on the spool. The pressure Pin the pressure line A, which comes in through the hole in the plunger 4, also acts on
the cross-sectional area of the spool 1with diameterD, exerting a force P x D downward on the spool. The differences
between these forces can be written as P x (D-d), which exerts a force downward on the spool 1.
Figure 13
Circuit relief and refilling valve 3:b, refilling function

1. Spool
2. Spring
3. Valve body
4. Plunger

The force from the spring 2also acts downward on the spool 1. Due to the ratios of the areas and the spring 2, the
downward forces are greater than the upward forces and thereby keep the spool 1closed between the pressure side and the
tank side as long as the pressurePexceeds the pressure T. The pressureTin the tank line enters via the clearance between the
spool 1 and the valve body 3and acts on the annular area of the spool 1on its top side. This annular area can be written D1 -
D and exerts a force T x D1 - D downward on the spool. The pressure T also acts on the annular area D1 - D on the bottom
of the spool 1and exerts a force T x (D1 - D) upward on the spool 1. These two forces balance each other.
Figure 14
Circuit relief and refilling valve 3:b, refilling function

1. Spool
2. Spring
3. Valve body
4. Plunger

The pressure Tin the tank line also acts on another annular area (D - d) on the bottom of the spool 1. This exerts a force T x
(D - d) upward on the spool. This force is equal to the force P x (D - d), as described above, if the pressuresPand Tare equal.
Due to the ratios of the areas, the upward forces are greater than the downward forces when Pis less thanT and thereby lift
the spool 1upward and open between the pressure side and the tank side. The valve stays open and refills as long as the
pressure T exceeds the pressure Pplus the force from the spring 2.
Figure 15
Circuit relief and refilling valve 3:b, refilling function

1. Spool
2. Spring
3. Valve body
4. Plunger