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    Chemical Equilibrium (Quick Recap)

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    Anant Jain
    Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic state where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. At equilibrium, the concentrations or pressures of the reactants and products stop changing with time. A system at equilibrium can be disturbed by changing factors like concentration, temperature, or volume, and the system will react to minimize the effects of the disturbance according to Le Chatelier's principle. The equilibrium constant, K, is a measure of the position of equilibrium and depends only on temperature.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chemical Equilibrium (Quick Recap)

    Uploaded by

    Anant Jain
    29 views6 pages
    Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic state where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. At equilibrium, the concentrations or pressures of the reactants and products stop changing with time. A system at equilibrium can be disturbed by changing factors like concentration, temperature, or volume, and the system will react to minimize the effects of the disturbance according to Le Chatelier's principle. The equilibrium constant, K, is a measure of the position of equilibrium and depends only on temperature.

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    chemical Equilibrium (Quick recap)

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    Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic state where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. At equilibrium, the concentrations or pressures of the reactants and products stop changing with time. A system at equilibrium can be disturbed by changing factors like concentration, temperature, or volume, and the system will react to minimize the effects of the disturbance according to Le Chatelier's principle. The equilibrium constant, K, is a measure of the position of equilibrium and depends only on temperature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views6 pages

    Chemical Equilibrium (Quick Recap)

    Uploaded by

    Anant Jain
    Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic state where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. At equilibrium, the concentrations or pressures of the reactants and products stop changing with time. A system at equilibrium can be disturbed by changing factors like concentration, temperature, or volume, and the system will react to minimize the effects of the disturbance according to Le Chatelier's principle. The equilibrium constant, K, is a measure of the position of equilibrium and depends only on temperature.

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    of 6

    Chemical Equilibrium

    Physical Equilibrium 14201s Haole

    Equilibrium

    Chemical Equilibrium Haig 1219 E 214119

    Homogeneous Eq

    Heterogeneous Eq

    OPEN VESSEL

    Caco s I Cao s Co2 g

    CLOSED VESSEL I

    a A t bB E CC t dD At Equilibrium Rf Rb

    b d
    A 91B
    Kf Kyla D
    1

    keg

    Kg 44,1

    At Equilibrium all macroscopic properties of systemstop changing

    with time

    Equilibrium is dynamic in nature

    Equilibrium can be achievedfrom either direction

    A catalyst only changes the speed with whichequilibrium is attained

    not the keg

    At Eq DG O TAG 2.303 RTlog keg

    Araistheslopefthegraph

    A Dog ie of Gibbsfree

    g p energy plotted against


    the extent
    of reaction

    or Dra Difference btw the chemical potentials partialmolar gibbs

    at the composition of

    energies of reactants products

    Rx mixture

    Gm Products Gm Reactants

    For RM A B M Not RT In P

    MB Ma MB RT In PB NY RT InPa
    DrG t RT In Q

    DrG MB Ma t RT In
    Pgp

    Rx is spontaneous MB
    when Ma
    Non spontaneous when TB Ma

    At Equilibrium when Ma MB

    t
    I
    iIt

    im

    e
    g Caco Is I Cao is 021g ang 1
    ng

    Kp Kc Rt

    Kp Kx P I P Total pressure at Equilibrium

    atm m

    units of Kp

    ke moeLyong

    Kx unitless

    O 4 as Ron
    Q
    Iffy

    2 A t 3B E C 2D
    goes FWD

    At Eg Qe Keg

    iff

    product reactant

    Rx is productfavorable

    High 7103

    Magnitude of keg

    low 10
    3 Rx is reactantfavorable

    Product Reactants

    doesn't depend on conc of

    Ky various reactants products presence

    of catalyst Pressure volume

    depends only on Temp

    given by Van't Holt Equation

    Variation of keg with Temp was

    As per Gibbs Helmholtz Ean


    f2fY p
    Dlt

    substitute DG T RT In Kp t we get

    Int BE

    Henkel

    M with Temp M

    If DH 0 then Kp T

    If Dti O then Kp t I with Temp A

    K2

    d enka at

    k 2

    ink

    An g I na lg

    to a o

    Totalmolesat Eg a n tnx

    AtEg a se n

    a it n nd

    Mass
    of
    reactants Mass
    ofentire system

    a than a itch na M
    YF

    mix Mmix

    t.de

    also vD

    MEI g
    sso atio

    Le Chatelier'sPrinciple

    If a system at equilibrium is subjected to


    disturbance or stress that
    a

    changes any of the factors that determine the state of equilibrium the

    system will react in such a as to minimize the effect


    way of this

    disturbance

    Elteet concentration

    of

    Reactants T FWD

    At 2B E Ct D

    reactants I BWD

    Products T BUD

    Products I FWD

    Effect
    ofvolume change at const temp

    Pat

    volume T 7 Pressure I Ryn tries to 4 the pressure

    and goes where gaseous

    moles are greater

    e g Nalg t 3421g E 2MHzIg Volume T BWD

    Caco 15 E Cao s t 0219 volume P FWD

    1119 11218 E 2111 4


    In charge

    Dng 0

    Addition Inert gas

    of

    at const volume No change at all

    514

    219 t 34219 I 2MHzIg

    1 Paa

    Ket KI

    4
    t

    t.SI
    but partial pressure of any component

    untamed

    Protae M

    at constant pressure volume increases

    Ran goes where gaseous

    mores are greater

    Nalg t 3421g E 2MHz1g Edd BW D

    Caco is E Caois 021g Fadd FWD

    Hylg t 121g I 2111 g


    1ns No change

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