Antioxidant Capability of Banana Musa paradisiaca Peel in Broiler Chicken Gallus gallus

domesticus

Shaine Mevyl C. Pido

A RESEARCH PLAN

Submitted as an Output in Research 9

Secondary Level

Life Science

Individual Category

Antique National School

San Jose, Antique

October, 2022

Mr. Martin John M. Salanatin

Research Adviser
 Antioxidant Capability of Banana Musa paradisiaca Peel in Broiler Chicken Gallus gallus

domesticus

Research Plan

Rationale

In the poultry industry, various environmental factors could negatively impact broilers

during their growth period, incluing disease infection, stocking density, and heat stress. All of

these can result in higher mortality, undesirable growth performance, and low meat quality,

leading to economic losses (Estevez 2007; Heckert et al. 2002; Lara and Rostagno 2013).

Oxidative stress is an imbalance in redox reactions which is linked to environmental stressors,

especially heat stress, and causes lipid peroxidation, protein deactivation, functional damage to

mitochondria, and damage to DNA (Huang et al. 2015; Lee et al. 2019).

To address this issue, recent research has studied banana peel has been shown to have

patent antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, which might be due to its abundant phenolic

content, including flavan-3-ols and flavonols. Therefore, the aim of this study is to use banana

peel powder (BPP) as an antioxidant broiler feed additive.

Banana peel, a byproduct of the banana processing industry, makes up approximately

40% of the whole fruit’s weight but has no further application except as general waste or

compost. This research not only helps minimize waste but also maximize profit for poultry

business and minimize food shortage through broiler chicken low mortality rate and desirable

meat quality.
Research Questions, Hypothesis, Engineering Goals, Expected Outcomes

1. Objective/s:

The study aimed to find out the Antioxidant Capability of Banana Musa paradisiaca Peel in

Broiler Chicken Gallus gallus domesticus.

Specifically, the study aims to answer the following questions

1.1 What is the effect of banana Musa paradisiaca peel on weight rate of the broiler

chicken Gallus gallus domesticus?

1.2 Is there a significant difference in the quality of the feeds with powderized banana

Musa paradisiaca peel from plain commercial feeds in terms of weight rate of the

broiler chicken Gallus gallus domesticus?

1.3 Is there a significant difference among the varying ratio of powderized banana Musa

paradisiaca peel and commercial feed on the weight rate of the broiler chicken

Gallus gallus domesticus?

2. Hypothesis/es

The following were put forward:

2.1 There is no significant difference in the quality of the feeds with powderized banana

Musa paradisiaca peel from plain commercial feeds in terms weight rate.
 2.2 There is a significant difference among the varying ratio of powderized banana Musa

paradisiaca peel and commercial feed on the weight rate of the broiler chicken Gallus

gallus domesticus.

3. Expected Outcome/s:

The study expected that:

3.1 Powderized banana Musa paradisiaca peel with commercial feeds would have an

antioxidant capabilitiy for broiler chicken Gallus gallus domesticus.

3.2 The powdered banana Musa paradisiaca peel would be a good additive for broiler

chicken Gallus gallus domesticus.

Scope and Limitations

This research focused on finding out the Antioxidant Capability of Banana Musa

paradisiaca Peel in Broiler Chicken Gallus gallus domesticus. This study is conducted to

determine the efficacy of banana Musa paradisiaca peel as additive to commercial feeds of

broiler chicken in terms of the broiler chicken weight rate.

This study is delimited to compare the quality of the feeds with powderized banana Musa

paradisiaca peel from plain commercial feeds in terms of broiler chicken weight rate.

Significance of the Study

The results and outcomes of this study will contribute to the findings to be used for

poultry raising, other agricultural purposes and economic aspect. The main material used for the

production is banana peel, this study will open more options for banana Musa paradisiaca to be
used as additive for broiler chicken Gallus gallus domesticus feeds. With this data, the researcher

will use the banana Musa paradisiaca peel as antioxidant additive; these plants are abundant and

can be easily reproduce and are unlikely used in the society. This study will unlock new

knowledge for future researchers and has a potential to lessen waste materials.
Definition of Terms

Additive – (n.) a substance added to something in small quantities to improve or preserve it.

Antioxidant – (n.) are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of

cell damage.

Banana peel – (n.) the outer covering of the banana fruit.

Broiler chicken – (n.) chickens that are raised for meat.

Capability – (n.) the power or ability to do something.

Weight rate – (n.) measures its change in weight from one period to another (month, quarter,

year) and expressed as a percentage.

Powderize – (v.) make into a powder by breaking up or cause to become dust.

Collection and Preparation of Research Tools, Materials, and Equipment

Chicken cage made of ½-inch plastic chicken wires with dimension of 150cm x 100cm x

200cm made up of three (3) layers and six (6) rooms with 50cm x 100cm x 100cm dimension for

each treatment. Poultry feeder and drinker bought from local agrivet supplies shop. Mortar and

pestle, weighing scale, surgical mask, surgical gloves, laboratory goggles, laboratory gown,

scissors, disposable plastic bags, blender, spatula will be obtained from Antique National School

Science Laboratory, San Jose, Antique.

Collection of Banana Musa paradisiaca Peel

Eighty (80) kilograms of banana Musa paradisiaca peel was gathered from San Jose,

Antique four (4) days before the conduction of the study. It was washed thoroughly with water to

remove the excess dirt. These were cut into strips and were dried under the sun for three (3) days.

Collection of Broiler Chicken Gallus gallus domesticus

Thirty (30) one-week old broiler chicks Gallus gallus domesticus were gathered from San

Jose, Antique two (2) days before the conduction of the study.

Preparation of Banana Musa paradisiaca Peel for Powderization

The dried banana Musa paradisiaca peel were made into flour using a mortar and pestle

and grinding mill. The powdered banana peels were then stored in a plastic bag and stored in

Science Laboratory of Antique National School, San Jose, Antique.

The chicks are divided into six (6) treatments. Each treatment has five (5) replicates. The

treatments are as follows:

 Treatment A – 50g of powderized banana Musa paradisiaca peel and 250g commercial

feeds

 Treatment B – 100g of powderized banana Musa paradisiaca peel and 250g commercial

feeds

 Treatment C – 150g of powderized banana Musa paradisiaca peel and 250g commercial

feeds

 Treatment D – 200g of powderized banana Musa paradisiaca peel and 250g commercial

feeds

 Treatment E - 250g of powderized banana Musa paradisiaca peel and 200g commercial

feeds

 Treatment F (positive control) - 250g commercial feeds

Feeding administration

The treatments will be administered three (3) times a day with eight (8) hours interval for

twenty-one (21) days with constant water on the drinker.

Weight rate – to test the chicken’s weight rate, one replicate from each treatment will be

weighed and recorded every week.

Data Analyzation

The collected data were analyzed accordingly using specific analytical tools. The study

used the following statistical tools and formula:

1. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) will be used to determine the significant effect among

treatment means with its correlation to T-test. It will also be used to determine the

significant difference between the different levels of concentration of the treatments.

Ways of Proper Disposal

After analysis and experimental activities, the area where the researcher conducted the

study was cleaned and sanitized. The materials and equipment used in the study were

washed, sterilized and returned in storage for future use. The excess powderized banana

Musa paradisiaca peel were buried sixty (60) centimeters below the ground. Borrowed

materials and equipment were cleaned, sterilized and returned to the Science Laboratory for

future use.

Risk and Safety

The primary obligation for conducting thorough hazard and risk assessment lies within

the individual who performed the experiment having stated that the responsibility was shared
by the research supervisor. The research supervisor was in charge of ensuring that everyone

involved in an experiment, as well as those in the immediate vicinity, are aware of the results

and assessments. To ensure that everyone is safe in the laboratory, each individual wore a

personal protective equipment (PPE). As part of a culture of society, the persons involved

worked cooperatively to produce a safe atmosphere, and ensure that hazards will be

appropriately identified and assessed prior to beginning of work.

Estevez, I., 2007. Density allowances for broiolers; where to set the limits? Poult Sci. 86:1265

1272.

Heckert R., Estevez I., Russek-Cohen E., Pettit-Riley R., 2002. Effects of density and erch

availability on the immune statusof broilers, Poult Sci. 81:451-457.

Lara L., Rostagno M., 2013. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. Animals (Base I).

3:356-369.

Huang C., Jiao H., Song Z.,Zhao J., Wang X., Lin H., 2015. Heat stress impairs mitochondria

functions and induces oxidative injury in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci. 93: 2144-2153.

Lee MT., Lin WC, Yu B, Lee TT, 2017. Antioxidant capacity of phytochemicals and their

potential effects on oxidative status in animals – A review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci.

30: 299-308.