New Technologies Related To Drug Administration

MODULE 6
UNIT 2 Filipino Culture, Values, and Practices in Relation to Drug Administration

LESSON 2: New Technologies Related to Drug Administration
Innovative Technologies of Drug Delivery
 Drug delivery is the procedure of administration of a pharmaceutical drug component
into the body through various ways to get the pharmacological action of the drug.
 Drug delivery technologies transform the drug release profiles, pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamics parameters to improve product efficacy and safety, as well as
patient convenience and compliance. In the recent days the innovative & smart drug
delivery technologies are very much important to reach the medicaments to proper site
through proper way.
 Traditional & conventional drug delivery system failed in most cases in this scenario. So
to deliver the protein, peptide, gene, vaccine, nanoparticles, antigen and some special
form of drug – the innovative drug delivery technologies are essential to avoid the
enzymatic degradation, acid degradation & some absorption and bioavailability related
problems.
 There are many technologies are involved like - needle-free drug delivery, transdermal
drug delivery, fiber-based delivery for implantable devices, targeted penetration drug
matrix technology for non-invasive drug delivery and location-specific Nano devices for
chemotherapeutic medicine delivery. Not only that many other innovative technologies of
novel drug delivery have been developed like- implantable devices, Nano tubular drug
delivery, protein peptide encapsulation, micro fabrication & chemical transformation.
● Needle free technology
● Microsphere drug delivery
● Poorly soluble drug formulation
● Jet injectors for vaccine delivery
● Site or receptor specific delivery
● Self-emulsifying drug delivery system
● Particle size reduction IV-IV study
Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery

 Nanotechnology drug delivery system mainly improves and elevates the efficacy &
action of any medicaments, creating new and better product.
 Nanoparticle brings revolutionary changes by simplifying the complex tissue culture
through reconstruction. Hence the nanoparticle used to deliver the drugs particle or
medicament to the specific site, receptors or disease cell. Then the drug particle
attached to the specific receptors & attracted by the disease cell. After that they started
working & provide treatment.
 The main advantage of nanotechnology is proper & specific action and less damage of
the healthy tissue.
 There are many types of nanotechnology dependent detectors and devices are
available like:
o 1. Nanotubes
o 2. Nanowires
o 3. Nano probes
o 4. Nano arrays
o 5. polymer nanoparticle
o 6. gold nanoparticle
o 7. magnetic nanoparticle
o 8. Nano capsule
o 9. Nano shell
 Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular level &
manipulating matter at the Nano scale. Nano medicines are widely used in the cancer
therapy.
 There are four types of nanotechnology based drug delivery systems
o 1. Smart drug delivery systems
o 2. Polymer–drug conjugates
o 3. Multifunctional drug carriers
o 4. Organic/inorganic composites
Government Sites Related to Drugs

1. Department of Justice (DOJ)
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
National Criminal Justice Reference Service
2. Department of Health & Human Services (HHS)
Food & Drug Administration (FDA)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Substance Abuse & Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA)
3. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT)
4. Govinfo (Code of Federal Regulations)
5. Govinfo (Federal Register)
Nursing and Health Care Sites

Search Literature and Clinical Trials
1. PubMed
Search more than 28 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science
journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central
and publisher web sites. Learn more about how to limit your search to articles that have free full
text available. NLM also provides a directory of topic specific queries for PubMed.
2. ClinicalTrials.gov
Search a database of privately and publicly funded clinical studies conducted around the world.
Also see: Clinical Alerts and Advisories
3. Bookshelf
Bookshelf provides free online access to books and documents in life science and healthcare.

Find Medical, Genetics, and Toxicology Resources
1. ClinVar
A resource to provide a public, tracked record of reported relationships between human
variation and observed health status with supporting evidence. Related information in the NIH
Genetic Testing Registry (GTR), MedGen, Gene, OMIM, PubMed and other sources is
accessible through hyperlinks on the records.
2. Toxicology and Environmental Health
Find out more about toxicology and environmental health resources at NLM.

Locate Drug Information

1. DailyMed
Search a database of the most recent drug labels (also called package inserts) submitted to the
FDA.
2. Drugs, Herbs and Supplements
Learn about your prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines. Includes side effects,
dosage, special precautions, and more. - MedlinePlus
Find Health Information for Your Patients
1. MedlinePlus Health Information
Trusted health information about diseases, conditions, and wellness issues for patients and their
family and friends.
2. NIH MedlinePlus Magazine
The NIH MedlinePlus magazine provides reliable, up-to-date information on health topics to
patients and families and the latest breakthroughs from NIH-supported research.
3. Genetics Home Reference
Genetics Home Reference provides consumer-friendly information about human genetics and
genetic disorders.
4. HealthReach - Health Information in Many Languages
HealthReach provides quality multilingual, multicultural public health information for those
working with or providing care to individuals with limited English proficiency.

Nursing Resources
1. Pubmed For Nurses
A set of videos, designed specifically for nurses, provides an introduction to searching literature
in PubMed.
2. Nursing Resources for Standards and Interoperability
Target Audience: nurses, nursing students, nursing informaticists, and those exploring nursing
terminologies for systems development or integration purposes.
3. Nursing on the Net Web Sampler
Resources on the National Network of Libraries of Medicine website.

Learn about Health Data Standards Implementation
1. Health Information Technology and Health Data Standards at NLM
NLM provides clinical vocabulary standards and tools that support implementation of Meaningful
Use, C-CDA, and other programs.
2. RxNorm
RxNorm provides normalized names for clinical drugs and links its names to many of the drug
vocabularies commonly used in pharmacy management and drug interaction software, including
those of First Databank, Micromedex, Gold Standard Drug Database, and Multum.
3. SNOMED CT
SNOMED CT is one of a suite of designated standards for use in U.S. Federal Government
systems for the electronic exchange of clinical health information and is also a required
standard in interoperability specifications of the U.S. Healthcare Information Technology
Standards Panel.
4. VSAC
VSAC is a repository and authoring tool for public value sets created by external programs.
Value sets are lists of codes and corresponding terms, from NLM-hosted standard clinical
vocabularies (such as SNOMED CT, RxNorm, LOINC and others), that define clinical concepts
to support effective and interoperable health information exchange.
5. MedlinePlus Connect
Use MedlinePlus Connect to link health IT systems, patient portals and electronic health record
(EHR) systems to targeted, authoritative patient health information from the MedlinePlus.gov
website.

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MODULE 6

UNIT 2 Filipino Culture, Values, and Practices in Relation to Drug Administration

Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery

Government Sites Related to Drugs

Nursing and Health Care Sites

Locate Drug Information

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