Pfa Module 1

PFA Module I:
VALIDATING
FEELINGS AND
NORMALIZING
REACTIONS
OBJECTIVES
* Identify feelings/reactions related to the
pandemic/any form of disaster
* Accept that all feelings and reactions are normal and
valid
* Stress out that feelings/ emotions and reactions
during pandemic or any stressful events are valid and
normal
Materials/Handouts
✔ Sample Graph of Emotions
✔ Common Reactions of Students to Stressful Events
✔ Handout: When Terrible Things Happen
What Do You Feel Right Now?
Happy? Angry? Confuse/d?
Sad? Nervous? Surprise/d?
Worried? Scared? Oks na Oks

INTRO:
Magkamustahan Muna Tayo
For the past 6 months, , KAMUSTA NA KAYO?
❑ Please get paper and ballpen

❑ Identify and write 5 feelings/emotions experienced for the
past 6 months
❑ 3 minutes to do this
❑ Process the activity
Discuss:
A fundamental difference between feelings and emotions is that feelings are

experienced consciously, while emotions manifest either consciously or subconsciously.
Some people may spend years, or even a lifetime, not understanding the depths of
their emotions.
- Wikepedia and Positive Psychology
ACTIVITY: Graphing Feelings
✔ From the 5 identified feeling/emotions you have and may have, that
you experienced, create a graph or a pie chart
✔ On the x-axis, write down each of the feelings/emotions.
✔ On the y-axis, write the numbers 25, 50, 75 and 100 to represent
the percentage of time that you were feeling that way.
✔ Rate each emotion/feeling based on how much or how often you
would feel that way over the past few months/weeks/days.
✔ I will give you 5 minutes to do this activity.
✔ After 5 minutes, to those who have videos may share their graphs
and talk about it for a short while.
Sample GRAPH of Emotions
100 MY EMOTIONS
75
50
25
worried sad angry confused scared

SHARING AND
COMPARING
GRAPHS
A volunteer to share
the graph…
ANALYSIS
Summarize the feelings/emotions mentioned a lot.
Questions:
▪What did you notice about your reactions to the different
situations?
▪Are these normal reactions to everything that you experienced?
▪I would like to show you this table of common reactions of
students to stressful events. Please read those and tell me what
you realize.
•Say: It’s good that you realized that these are normal reactions
as of this time. I want you to realize that it is okay to not feel
okay.
COMMON REACTIONS OF STUDENTS
TO STRESSFUL EVENTS
• feel a strong responsibility to the family.
• feel anxious brought about by uncertainty of the future.
• feel intense or prolonged grief for not being able to wake.
• may become self-absorbed and feel self-pity.
• may experience changes in their relationships with other people.
• may also start taking risks, engage in self-destructive behavior, have
avoidant behavior, and become aggressive.
• may experience major shifts in their view of the world accompanied by a
sense of hopelessness about the present and the future.
• may become defiant of authorities and parents while they start relying on
peers for socializing through social media.
• may feel guilty and anxious having been separated from their loved ones
due to lockdown.
It’s good that you realized that these are
normal reactions as of this time.
I want you to realize that it is okay to not feel
okay.
COMMON NEGATIVE REACTIONS
THAT MAY CONTINUE INCLUDE
• Intrusive reactions
• Distressing thoughts or images of the event while awake or dreaming
• Upsetting emotional or physical reactions to reminders of the experience
• Feeling like the experience is happening all over again (“flashback”)
• Avoid talking, thinking, and having feelings about the traumatic event
• Avoid reminders of the event (places and people connected to what happened)
• Restricted emotions; feeling numb
• Feelings of detachment and estrangement from others; social withdrawal
• Loss of interest in usually pleasurable activities
• Physical arousal reactions
• Constantly being “on the lookout” for danger, startling easily, or being jumpy
• Irritability or outbursts of anger, feeling “on edge”
• Difficulty falling or staying asleep, problems concentrating or paying
attention
WHEN A LOVED ONE DIES, COMMON
REACTIONS INCLUDE:
• Feeling confused, numb, disbelief, bewildered, or lost
• Feeling angry at the person who died or at people considered responsible
for the death
• Strong physical reactions such as nausea, fatigue, shakiness, and muscle
weakness
• Feeling guilty for still being alive
• Intense emotions such as extreme sadness, anger, or fear
• Increased risk for physical illness and injury
• Decreased productivity or difficulties making decisions
• Having thoughts about the person who died even when you don’t want to
• Longing, missing, and wanting to search for the person who died
• Children and adolescents are particularly likely to worry that they or a
parent might die
• Children and adolescents may become anxious when separated from
caregivers or other loved ones
REACTIONS TO TRAUMA AND
LOSS REMINDERS
• Reactions to places, people, sights, sounds, smells,
and feelings that are reminders of the disaster
• Reminders can bring on distressing mental images,
thoughts, and emotional/physical reactions
• Common examples include: sudden loud noises,
sirens, locations where the disaster occurred, seeing
people with disabilities, funerals, anniversaries of the
disaster, and television/radio news about the disaster
ABSTRACTION
“WHEN TERRIBLE THINGS

HAPPEN”
from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN).
webpage/google folder/etc
❖can help you better identify your reactions
❖gives you a list of behaviors that can help you cope and
behaviors that you should try to avoid
❖Highlight the feelings that are similar to those that were
mentioned.
• Immediate Reactions : a wide variety of positive and negative
reactions that students can experience during and immediately after
crisis situations.
Handout:
When Terrible Things Happen
Domain Negative Positive Responses
Responses
Cognitive Confusion, worry, self-blame Determination courage, optimism,
faith
Emotional Shock, sorry, grief, sadness, Feeling involved, challenged,
fear, anger,
numb, irritability, guilt, and Mobilized
shame
Social Fights with others or does not Seeks out others who can help them,
Speak with others helps others in need
Physiological Tired, headache, muscle Alertness, readiness to respond,

tension,stomachache, increased energy
difficulty sleeping, fast heart
POSITIVE CHANGES IN PRIORITIES,
WORLDVIEW, AND EXPECTATIONS
✔ Enhanced appreciation that family and friends are precious
and important
✔ Meeting the challenge of addressing difficulties (by taking
positive action steps, changing the focus of thoughts, using
humor, acceptance)
✔ Shifting expectations about what to expect from day to day
and about what is considered a “good day”
✔ Shifting priorities to focus more on quality time with family or
friends
✔ Increased commitment to self, family, friends, and
spiritual/religious faith
WHAT HELPS
✔ Talking to another person for support or spending time with others
✔ Engaging in positive distracting activities (sports, hobbies, reading)
✔ Getting adequate rest and eating healthy meals
✔ Trying to maintain a normal schedule
✔ Scheduling pleasant activities
✔ Taking breaks
✔ Reminiscing about a loved one who has died
✔ Focusing on something practical that you can do right now to manage
the situation better
✔ Using relaxation methods (breathing exercises, meditation, calming
self-talk, music)
✔ Participating in a support group
✔ Exercising in moderation
✔ Keeping a journal
✔ Seeking counseling
WHAT DOESN’T HELP
✔ Using alcohol or drugs to cope
✔ Extreme withdrawal from family or friends
✔ Overeating or failing to eat
✔ Withdrawing from pleasant activities
✔ Working too much
✔ Violence or conflict
✔ Doing risky things (driving recklessly, substance abuse, not
taking adequate precautions)
✔ Extreme avoidance of thinking or talking about the event
or a death of a loved one
✔ Not taking care of yourself
✔ Excessive TV or computer games
✔ Blaming others
APPLICATION
• Today we learned that our reactions to the
pandemic, to any stressful event/disaster are normal
and valid.
• How can you apply this learning to your life especially
because the pandemic is not yet over?
• Can someone come up with a short line that we can
say altogether that would sum up what you just
learned?
• Remember that whatever feelings/emotions have
during pandemic are normal and valid
LET’S CARE FOR OUR FEELINGS and
EMOTIONS and BEAT THE PANDEMIC
Because.. You are not alone in this

pandemic
Frm: Guidance and Counseling Services

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PFA Module I:

Happy? Angry? Confuse/d?

Sad? Nervous? Surprise/d?

Worried? Scared? Oks na Oks

❑ Please get paper and ballpen

A fundamental difference between feelings and emotions is that feelings are

worried sad angry confused scared

“WHEN TERRIBLE THINGS

Physiological Tired, headache, muscle Alertness, readiness to respond,

Because.. You are not alone in this

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