Hirac Part 1
Hirac Part 1
Hirac Part 1
Topics
▪Definition
▪Characteristics of risk
▪Responses and attitudes toward risks
▪Categorizing risks for better analysis
▪Risk assessment
▪Identification
▪Analysis
▪Evaluation
▪Practical applications
Topics
Risk is Relative
Topics
Risk is Relative
Risk – What‘s it all about?
Falsework collapse
(due poor design and construction)
How about in your company?
Any major incidents?
Accidents?
Illnesses?
Property Damages?
ISO 45001
Occupational Health and
Safety Management System
30
ISO 45001 : Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS)
External and Context of the Needs and expectations
Internal Issues organization of workers and other
(4.1) (4) interested parties (4.2)
D
Support
Operation7&
8
LEADERSHIP &
WORKER Performanc
P Planning
6
PARTICIPATION e C
5 Evaluation
9
Improvemen
t
10
A
Intended outcomes
of the OH&S
management
systems
31
32
TYPICAL OSH PROGRAM PILLARS
Hazard & Risk Management
Continuous improvement
Technological Social
Social Deviations from expected
standards of conduct
• Techno changes Economic
• Changes in consumer
Unforeseen snags in newtastes • Terrorism
•• Labor
processes
unrest • Theft Personal
Changes in level ofPolitical
• Lack of knowledge • Fraud
economic activity
• Demonstrations/Riot
• Inflation Legal •• Negligence
Physical effects of Nature
• Monetary and fiscal policy Death
• Political unrest • Sickness
• Actions of competitors
• Insurrection/insurgency •• Injury
• Trade restriction Typhoon
Technical
• Volcanic Eruption
• Codes/Standards
Operations
• ContractsMarketing Financial • Earthquake
• Agreements • Flood
• Breakdown of plant
• Errors in forecasting
• Bad total
Debts • Failure of safety devices
• Interruption of service
demand • Changes in availability or cost processes
• Hazardous
• Change in expected costs
• Loss of markets toof competitors
credit
Keys Risks and Risk Subsets
Risks are all inter-related and are
by no means limited to those displayed below
Financial IT
Infrastructure •Availability of Capital •Failure of IT Systems
Availability •Cost of Capital •Integrity of Information Market Conditions
•Development and •Investment Decisions •Poor IT Development •Competitors
Construction Activities •Strategic Planning •Strategy and Execution •Contracts
•Equipment Availability •Security of Information •Customers
•Infrastructure Availability •Market Share
(Road, Rail, Shipping) •New Entrants
•Land for Expansion •Suppliers/Service
•Lease Rates Delivery Alliances
•Tariffs
Damage
•Fire / Explosions
•Insurance
•Other Catastrophic Loss
Labour
•Availability of Labour
Security •Effective Human Resources
•Civil Unrest •Labour Disputes
Safety , Health and
•Fraud •Labour Strikes
Environment Political and
•ISPS •Productivity
•Fatalities Economic Conditions
•Security Breach •Senior Management
•Hazardous Goods •Currency Rates
•Terrorism Availability
•Health Epidemics •Inflation or Deflation
•Succession Planning
•Injuries •Other Economic
•Reputation Management Conditions
•Spills & Environmental •Political Stability
Damage •Taxes
•Worker’s Comp
HIRAC PROCESS
47
“Its timely to pattern and later implement a
full blown Occupational Health and Safety
Management System using an ISO
Standard”
48
What is an OHSMS?
49
ISO 45001.2
The standard is being
developed by a committee
of occupational health and
safety experts, and will
follow other generic
management system
approaches such as ISO
14001 and ISO 9001. It will
take into account other When will it be available???
International Standards such
as OHSAS 18001, the ILO’s
ILO-OSH Guidelines,
various national standards
and the ILO’s international
labor standards and
conventions
Source: https://www.iso.org/iso-45001-occupational-health-and-safety.html 50
What is an ISO 45001?
51
Transition from OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001
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Differences between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001
The main differences between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001 are as follows.
54
Differences between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001
OHSAS 18001 focused on controlling hazards. In line with the general direction of
new ISO standards, ISO 45001 encourages a “risk- based thinking” approach
The goal is to identify, evaluate, and remedy potential risks before they
materialize.
In short, an organization should go beyond simple pinch points and slip hazards.
It should adopt a more holistic understanding of health and safety risks.
55
Differences between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001
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Differences between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001
People tend to think of workplace health and safety as relating to accidents and
resulting physical injuries.
ISO 45001 defines health more broadly, to include aspects such as employee
wellbeing, stress, fatigue, and mental health.
With the wider focus of ISO 45001:2018, new definitions of terms such as “worker”,
“workplace” and “documented information” are introduced. Of the 37 terms and
definitions in ISO 45001:2018, only three are identical to those used in OHSAS
18001.
57
PDCA CYCLE
58
External and Context of the Needs and expectations
Internal Issues organization of workers and other
(4.1) (4) interested parties (4.2)
Scope of the OH&S management system (4.3/4.4)
D
Support
Operation7&8
LEADERSHIP &
WORKER Performanc
P Planning
6
PARTICIPATION e Evaluation C
5 9
Improvement
10
A
Intended outcomes
of the OH&S
59
management
ISO 45001 6 Planning
6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities
6.1.1 General
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ISO 45001 6 Planning
61
“The organization shall determine external and
internal issues that are relevant to its purpose
and that affects its ability to achieve the
intended outcome(s) of its OH&S management
systems”
62
EXTERNAL
Introduction of new
competitors,
ISSUES The cultural, social,
political, legal, financial,
contractors, suppliers, technological, economic,
partners and providers, and natural surroundings
new technologies, new and market competition,
laws and emergence of whether international,
new occupations national, regional or local
For with less than ten workers and low risk establishments with
ten (10) to fifty (50) workers. – The OSH program, which shall be duly
signed by the employer, must include at
least the following:
For medium to high risk establishments with ten (10) to fifty (50)
workers and low to high risk establishments with fifty-one (51) workers and
above. – The OSH program, which shall be duly signed by the
employer, must include at least the following:
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
PROGRAM
The company shall ensure that the core elements of OSH program
are integrated in the company OSH program such as management
commitment and employee involvement, workplace risk assessment,
hazard prevention and control, safety and health training and
education, and OSH program evaluation.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
PROGRAM
70
OSH Program Development
1. PURPOSE
- Maintain a process for hazard identification, risk assessment and control that
is ongoing and proactive.
TITLE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK DOC # OSH-PRO-001
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
REVISION 0
LOGO PROCEDURE
DEPT. HR TYPE PROCEDURE
SECTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PAGE 1 of 2
2. SCOPE
In the following table, there can only be one ’A’ (Accountable). This is the
party that assumes ultimate accountability for the outcomes of the procedure.
‘R’ indicates responsible party required for the execution of the procedure, ‘C’
represents the parties consulted for the procedure, and ‘I’ stands for those
informed throughout the execution of the procedure.
TITLE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK DOC # OSH-PRO-001
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
REVISION 0
LOGO PROCEDURE
DEPT. HR TYPE PROCEDURE
SECTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PAGE 1 of 2
4. DEFINITIONS
Term Definition
HIRAC Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Control
Hazard Is anything that has the potential to cause harm.
Risk Is the combination of the likelihood of a hazardous event
occurring, and the consequence of the event.
Hazard Is the process of recognizing that a hazard exists and
Identification defining its characteristics.
Risk Is the process of evaluating the risks arising from a
Assessment hazards, taking into account the adequacy of any existing
controls, and deciding whether or not the risks is
acceptable.
TITLE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK DOC # OSH-PRO-001
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
REVISION 0
LOGO PROCEDURE
DEPT. HR TYPE PROCEDURE
SECTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PAGE 1 of 2
4. DEFINITIONS
Term Definition
Likelihood Is the chance that the hazardous event will occur.
Consequence Is the outcome of the hazardous event.
Residual Risk Is the amount of risk or danger associated with an
action or event remaining after natural or inherent risks
have been reduced by risk controls.
Inherent Risk Is an assessed level of raw or untreated risk.
OSH Occupational Safety and Health
Accident Is an undesired event that does result in harm and/or
property damage.
Incident Is an undesired event that doesn’t result in harm, but
has the potential to do so. It may also be described as
a “Near Miss”.
TITLE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK DOC # OSH-PRO-001
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
REVISION 0
LOGO PROCEDURE
DEPT. HR TYPE PROCEDURE
SECTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PAGE 1 of 2
5. PROCESS FLOW
Start
A
Enlist all applicable Convene a HIRAC
Conduct a HIRAC
processes, activities, Team and
activity and
facilities and coordinate with
accomplish HIRAC
equipment Process Owner on
Register form
HIRAC schedule
No
Is there an Provide
Review HIRAC
existing HIRAC accomplished HIRAC
Register for
Register Register to
recommended
Department
action items
Director
Yes
Is there a change B
in process, No
activity, facility Are there actions
or equipment? No to be done?
Yes Yes
No
Consolidate
approved HIRAC Approved?
Register Yes
A End B
TITLE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK DOC # OSH-PRO-001
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
REVISION 0
LOGO PROCEDURE
DEPT. HR TYPE PROCEDURE
SECTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PAGE 1 of 2
6. PROCEDURE
Baseline Evaluation of OSH hazards
❑ All processes, activities or facilities incorporated within IQVIAs operation
shall undergo the HIRAC process, the output shall be used as a baseline
data.
❑ The baseline evaluation shall be made available for future references and
traceability of risk controls implemented.
Hazard Identification
1. Prior to performing the hazard identification, using the “HIRAC Register” form, the
Process Owner/ Section Manager with the aid of the process workers has to
complete and record down the following:
❑ All applicable locations covered by the activities of the Section.
❑ All applicable processes per location; and
❑ The corresponding activities in performing each process from start until end
(the method of identification shall follow the steps defined).
2. The processes subject for hazard identification shall cover the following:
❑ Routine activities (e.g. normal daily task, preventive maintenance, etc.),
❑ Non-routine activities (e.g. installation of new equipment, construction, etc.),
and
❑ Potential emergency situations (e.g. machine failure, leak, explosion, fire,
etc.).
TITLE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK DOC # OSH-PRO-001
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
REVISION 0
LOGO PROCEDURE
DEPT. HR TYPE PROCEDURE
SECTION OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PAGE 1 of 2
The hazard identification activity shall take into consideration the following:
Assessing Risk
1. Prior to assessing risk, the assessing team shall define current risk control by
selecting the provided measures such as substitution, isolation, engineering
control, administration and PPE.
2. Additional for specific measures of control if necessary.
3. Select any applicable legal obligations relating to risk assessment.
4. The probability of an occurrence defined the value is based on the likelihood of
an event occurring. Values indicated in the table below provides 5 probabilities of
event can be occurred.
The consequence or severity of a hazard can be divided into five categories. Severity
is based upon an increasing level of consequence to an individual’s health, the
environment, or to property. The table below indicates consequence of event that
may occurred:
Risk evaluation can be determined by combination of likelihood (L) and consequence (C).
Calculation of risk can be formulated as L X C = relative risk. Justification of risk and prioritization
of control can be determined as refer to diagram below:
Workplace Hazards
Safety Hazards
▪Something that has a potential
for injury
Health Hazards
▪Something that has a potential to
cause illness
Hazards are Identified through:
▪ Walk through survey / ocular inspection
▪ Review of processes involved
▪ Knowing the raw materials used, products and
by-products
▪ Gathering of workers’ complaints
▪ Safety Data Sheet
Categories of Hazards
▪ Safety Hazards – something that has potential to cause injury
• Poor housekeeping hazards
• Fire hazards
• Machine hazards
• Material handling hazards
• Electrical hazards
• Physical Conditions
▪ Health Hazards – Any agent or activity posing potential hazard to health
• Chemical hazards (vapors, mists, fumes, gases, dusts)
• Physical hazards (noise, vibration, illumination, extreme temperature,
extreme pressure, radiation)
• Biological hazards (bacteria, viruses, molds, fungi, protozoa; and
insects, parasites, plants, animals
• Ergonomics (improperly designed tools or work areas, improper
lifting or reaching, poor visual conditions, repeated motion in
awkward position
HIRAC PROCESS
Five-Step Process
Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Step 5:
Look for Decide who Decide on how Put controls in Monitor and Review
(Identify) might be to Eliminate or place the controls
Hazards harmed and Control the
how? (Access hazards
the Risk)
To properly
Hierarchy of Implement Review suitability of
manage Access risk Controls. control controls and ensure
exposure to based on 3
measures. controls are followed
risks, a person components. 1. Eliminate
through:
must identify Hazard
hazards. • Safety walks
2. Substitute the
• Physical Material or • Vigilant supervision
Hazards • Exposure Equipment
• Observing changes on
• Likelihood 3. Isolate the
• Mechanical/ site
Hazard from
Electrical • people • Reviewing SWMS
• Chemical Consequence 3. Implement • Compliance checks
Engineering (PPE, Site safety rules,
• Biological Control(s) SWMS, inductions)
•Psychological 4. Apply
administrative
measures
5. PPE
Hazard Identification Workshop
Step 1: Look for (Identify)
Hazards
Methods of Identification
Systematic
• Risk Assessments
• Safety Audits/Workplace Inspections
• Incident/Accident Investigations
• Consultation
• Injury & Illness records
• Work Cover documentation
Incidental
• Complaints
• Observation
Template for Workshop on Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Control
(HIRAC)