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    Basic Laws - Voltage and Current Division

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    STACEYLEEN CYENTHIA LADIUN BK22110177
    The document discusses basic laws related to voltage and current division in electrical circuits. It introduces the voltage divider rule, which is used to determine voltages across loads in a serial circuit given the source voltage and resistances. The current divider rule is also described, which is used to find currents through parallel branches given the source current and resistances. Examples of applying these rules to calculate voltages, currents, and power dissipation in circuits are presented.

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    Basic Laws - Voltage and Current Division

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    STACEYLEEN CYENTHIA LADIUN BK22110177
    20 views12 pages
    The document discusses basic laws related to voltage and current division in electrical circuits. It introduces the voltage divider rule, which is used to determine voltages across loads in a serial circuit given the source voltage and resistances. The current divider rule is also described, which is used to find currents through parallel branches given the source current and resistances. Examples of applying these rules to calculate voltages, currents, and power dissipation in circuits are presented.

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    [5] Basic Laws - Voltage and Current Division (2)

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    The document discusses basic laws related to voltage and current division in electrical circuits. It introduces the voltage divider rule, which is used to determine voltages across loads in a serial circuit given the source voltage and resistances. The current divider rule is also described, which is used to find currents through parallel branches given the source current and resistances. Examples of applying these rules to calculate voltages, currents, and power dissipation in circuits are presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views12 pages

    Basic Laws - Voltage and Current Division

    Uploaded by

    STACEYLEEN CYENTHIA LADIUN BK22110177
    The document discusses basic laws related to voltage and current division in electrical circuits. It introduces the voltage divider rule, which is used to determine voltages across loads in a serial circuit given the source voltage and resistances. The current divider rule is also described, which is used to find currents through parallel branches given the source current and resistances. Examples of applying these rules to calculate voltages, currents, and power dissipation in circuits are presented.

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    of 12

    BASIC LAWS – VOLTAGE

    AND CURRENT DIVISION


    SEEE1013 – ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
    SECTION 9

    ASSOCIATE PROF. DR ASRUL IZAM AZMI

    It's not about perfect. It's


    about effort
    Basic Laws

    • Ohm’s Law
    • Kirchhoff’s Law
    • Series resistors & Parallel resistors
    • Voltage & current division
    • Y -  transformation
    • Source Transformation

    2
    Voltage Divide Rule

    • Is used to determine voltage across one or more load in


    serial circuit without knowing the current.
    • Source voltage and resistance values are known.

    R1 R2 R3
    I
    +
    + V1 - + V2- + V3-
    V
    -

    3
    Voltage Divider Rule
    R1 R2 R3
    V = V1 + V2 + V3 I
    = I ( R1 + R2 + R3 ) +
    + V1 - + V2- + V3-
    = I ( RT ) V
    -
    V
    I = ... (Eq 1)
    RT

    Replace Eq 1 into Ohm's Law for R1 , R 2 and R 3 ,

    V1 = IR1 V3 = IR3
    RN
    V2 = IR2 VN = V
    V V V RT
    = R1 = R2 = R3
    RT RT RT

    4
    Voltage Divider Rule

    Example: Find V1, V2, V3, V4, V5


    R1=25Ω R2=50Ω R3= 75Ω

    + + V1 - + V2- + V3-
    30 V
    -

    Ans: V1=5V, V2=10V, V3=15V, V4=15V, V5=25V

    5
    Current Divider Rule

    • Is used to determine current through a branch in a parallel


    circuit without knowing the voltage.
    • Source current and resistance values are known.

    I
    I1 I2 I3 I4

    E V1 R1 V2 R2 V3 R3 V4 R4

    6
    Current Divider Rule
    Start with KCL

    𝐼 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 + 𝐼3 + 𝐼4
    𝑉1 𝑉2 𝑉3 𝑉4
    = + + + I
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4
    I1 I2 I3 I4
    𝐸 𝐸 𝐸 𝐸
    = + + + E V1 R1 V2 R2 V3 R3 V4 R4
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4
    1 1 1 1
    =𝐸 + + +
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4

    𝐼
    𝐸=
    1 1 1 1
    + + +
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4 7
    Current Divider Rule

    𝑉1 𝐸 𝐼
    𝐼1 = = By substituting 𝐸=
    𝑅1 𝑅1 1 1 1 1
    + + +
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4

    1
    Current II can be obtained as:
    𝑅1
    𝐼1 = 𝐼 ×
    1 1 1 1
    + + +
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4
    1
    Current at any branch can be calculated as: 𝑅𝑁
    𝐼𝑁 = 𝐼 ×
    1 1 1 1
    + + +
    𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅4
    (N = 1, 2, 3, or 4)
    8
    Current Divider Rule

    Example: Find I1, I2, I3, RT and V


    Node A
    I
    I1 I2 I3

    12 V 24Ω 48Ω 16Ω

    Ans: I1=0.5A, I2=0.25, I3=0.75A RT=8Ω, V=12V

    9
    Examples

    Example: Determine R1 from the circuit below


    R1
    I1
    21mA
    I

    27mA 7Ω
    I2

    Ans: R1= 2A

    10
    Examples

    Example: Calculate VA, VB and VAB for the network below :

    R1 25 Ω R2 40 Ω

    20 V
    A VAB
    B

    R3 15 Ω R4 10 Ω

    Ans: VA= 7.5V, VB= 4V, VAB= 3.5V


    11
    Examples
    1. Find v1, v2, i1 and i2.
    2. Calculate power dissipated in 12 Ω and 40 Ω
    I1 12 Ω

    V1

    6Ω

    I2

    15 V 10 Ω V2 40 Ω

    Ans: V1= 5V, I1= 416.7 mA, p1= 2.083 W, V2= 10V, I2= 250 mA, p2= 2.5W
    12

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