تقرير
تقرير
تقرير
*Objectives
1. To determine the concentrations of Ca2+ (aq) and Mg2+(aq) ions in a commercial sample of
bottled mineral water.
2. To compare experimental results with the concentrations of the metal ions claimed by the
manufacturer.
*Theory
The ions involved in water hardness, i.e. Ca2+(aq) and Mg2+(aq), can be determined by titration
with a chelating agent, ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), usually in the form of
disodium salt (H2Y2-). The titration reaction is
HOOC COOH
N___CH2 ___ CH2__N
-OOC COO-
As the stronger ligand EDTA is added, the CaIn+ (aq) complex is replaced by the CaY-(aq)
complex, which is blue. The endpoint of titration is indicated by a sharp color change from wine
red to blue.
Rocedure
1.Fill the burette with HCl Solution (Known concentration from previous Exp
. 2. Take with cylinder (40 ml) of water sample and put it in a conical flask.
3. Add 2 drops of M.O and titrate with HCl until the color change from yellow to pink.
4. Repeat the experiment three times and record the average of volume of HCl consumed
N(HCl)=0.02
V(HCl)=4ml
N(tap water)=?
V(Tap water)=10ml
V1=4ml
V2=4ml
V3=4ml
VAVRG=4+4+4/3=4ml
N (tap water).V (tap water) =N(HCI).V(HCl)
N10=0.02x4
10N=0.08N=0.08/10=0.008
ppm=NxN(wt)x1000
=0.008x50x1000
=400mg/L
VAVRG=2+2+2/3
=2ml
N(R.O)xV(R.O)= N(HCl)xV(HCl)
Nx50=0.02x2
N=0.04/50=0.0008N
ppm=Nxeq(wt)x1000
=0.0008x50x1000=40mg/L
Discussion
_Because H2SO4 dissolves in the water and the reaction does not A repellent
heat when it melts in the water as we use because we are in this experiment we
need heat to increase the speed of the reaction either HCL shall reaction
exothermic when solubility in water
1-Buret
2-spatula
3-wash bottle
4-erlnmeryer flask