Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 33 views

    Answer Key Chapter 7

    Uploaded by

    lin
    This document contains conceptual questions and example problems related to work and energy. It addresses topics like: - Work requires both force and displacement, so pushing on a wall without displacing it does no work. - The total work done on an object can be zero if its displacement is zero, such as a ball that returns to its starting point. - Kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass, so a more massive object moving at the same speed has more kinetic energy. - Power can be negative if the force acting on an object is in the opposite direction of the object's velocity. - Example problems calculate work, energy, power, and efficiency in situations like blocks moving up inclines, objects sliding across

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Answer Key Chapter 7

    Uploaded by

    lin
    33 views4 pages
    This document contains conceptual questions and example problems related to work and energy. It addresses topics like: - Work requires both force and displacement, so pushing on a wall without displacing it does no work. - The total work done on an object can be zero if its displacement is zero, such as a ball that returns to its starting point. - Kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass, so a more massive object moving at the same speed has more kinetic energy. - Power can be negative if the force acting on an object is in the opposite direction of the object's velocity. - Example problems calculate work, energy, power, and efficiency in situations like blocks moving up inclines, objects sliding across

    Original Description:

    ch 7

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document contains conceptual questions and example problems related to work and energy. It addresses topics like: - Work requires both force and displacement, so pushing on a wall without displacing it does no work. - The total work done on an object can be zero if its displacement is zero, such as a ball that returns to its starting point. - Kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass, so a more massive object moving at the same speed has more kinetic energy. - Power can be negative if the force acting on an object is in the opposite direction of the object's velocity. - Example problems calculate work, energy, power, and efficiency in situations like blocks moving up inclines, objects sliding across

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views4 pages

    Answer Key Chapter 7

    Uploaded by

    lin
    This document contains conceptual questions and example problems related to work and energy. It addresses topics like: - Work requires both force and displacement, so pushing on a wall without displacing it does no work. - The total work done on an object can be zero if its displacement is zero, such as a ball that returns to its starting point. - Kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass, so a more massive object moving at the same speed has more kinetic energy. - Power can be negative if the force acting on an object is in the opposite direction of the object's velocity. - Example problems calculate work, energy, power, and efficiency in situations like blocks moving up inclines, objects sliding across

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Check Your Understanding

    7.1 No, only its magnitude can be constant; its direction must change, to be always opposite the
    relative displacement along the surface.

    7.2 No, it’s only approximately constant near Earth’s surface.

    7.3 W = 35 J

    7.4 a. The spring force is the opposite direction to a compression (as it is for an extension), so the
    work it does is negative. b. The work done depends on the square of the displacement, which is
    the same for x = ±6 cm , so the magnitude is 0.54 J.

    7.5 a. the car; b. the truck

    7.6 against
    –
    7.7 √3 m/s

    7.8 980 W

    Conceptual Questions
    1. When you push on the wall, this “feels” like work; however, there is no displacement so there is
    no physical work. Energy is consumed, but no energy is transferred.

    3. If you continue to push on a wall without breaking through the wall, you continue to exert a
    force with no displacement, so no work is done.

    5. The total displacement of the ball is zero, so no work is done.

    7. Both require the same gravitational work, but the stairs allow Tarzan to take this work over a
    longer time interval and hence gradually exert his energy, rather than dramatically by climbing a
    vine.

    9. The first particle has a kinetic energy of 4( 12 mv2 ) whereas the second particle has a kinetic
    energy of 2( 12 mv2 ), so the first particle has twice the kinetic energy of the second particle.

    11. The mower would gain energy if −90° < θ < 90°. It would lose energy if 90° < θ < 270°.
    The mower may also lose energy due to friction with the grass while pushing; however, we are not
    concerned with that energy loss for this problem.

    13. The second marble has twice the kinetic energy of the first because kinetic energy is directly
    proportional to mass, like the work done by gravity.

    15. Unless the environment is nearly frictionless, you are doing some positive work on the
    environment to cancel out the frictional work against you, resulting in zero total work producing a
    constant velocity.
    17. Appliances are rated in terms of the energy consumed in a relatively small time interval. It
    does not matter how long the appliance is on, only the rate of change of energy per unit time.

    19. The spark occurs over a relatively short time span, thereby delivering a very low amount of
    energy to your body.

    21. If the force is antiparallel or points in an opposite direction to the velocity, the power
    expended can be negative.

    Problems
    23. 3.00 J

    25. a. 593 kJ; b. –589 kJ; c. 0 J

    27. 3.14 kJ

    29. a. –700 J; b. 0 J; c. 700 J; d. 38.6 N; e. 0 J

    31. 100 J

    33. a. 2.45 J; b. – 2.45 J; c. 0 J

    35. a. 2.22 kJ; b. −2.22 kJ; c. 0 J

    37. 18.6 kJ

    39. a. 2.32 kN; b. 22.0 kJ

    41. 835 N

    43. 257 J

    45. a. 1.47 m/s; b. answers may vary

    47. a. 772 kJ; b. 4.0 kJ; c. 1.8 −16


    × 10 J

    49. a. 2.6 kJ; b. 640 J

    51. 2.72 kN

    53. 102 N

    55. 2.8 m/s

    57. W (bullet) = 20 × W (crate)

    59. 12.8 kN

    61. 0.25
    63. a. 24 m/s, −4.8 m/s2; b. 29.4 m

    65. 310 m/s

    67. a. 40; b. 8 million

    69. $149

    71. a. 208 W; b. 141 s

    73. a. 3.20 s; b. 4.04 s

    75. a. 224 s; b. 24.8 MW; c. 49.7 kN

    77. a. 1.57 kW; b. 6.28 kW

    79. 6.83μW

    81. a. 8.51 J; b. 8.51 W

    83. 1.7 kW

    Additional Problems
    85. 15 N ⋅ m

    87. 39 N ⋅ m

    89. a. 208 N ⋅ m ; b. 240 N ⋅ m

    91. a. −0.9 N ⋅ m; b. −0.83 N ⋅ m

    93. a. 10. J; b. 10. J; c. 380 N/m

    95. 160 J/s

    97. a. 10 N; b. 20 W

    Challenge Problems
    99. If crate goes up: a. 3.46 kJ; b. −1.89 kJ; c. −1.57 kJ; d. 0; If crate goes down: a. −0.39 kJ; b.
    −1.18 kJ; c. 1.57 kJ; d. 0

    101. 8.0 J

    103. 35.7 J

    105. 24.3 J

    107. a. 40 hp; b. 39.8 MJ, independent of speed; c. 80 hp, 79.6 MJ at 30 m/s; d. If air resistance
    is proportional to speed, the car gets about 22 mpg at 34 mph and half that at twice the speed,
    closer to actual driving experience.

    You might also like